{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210076147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","title":"A Simple Gain-Based Evaluation of the Video Head Impulse Test Reliably Detects Normal Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Indicative of Stroke in Patients With Acute Vestibular Syndrome","display_name":"A Simple Gain-Based Evaluation of the Video Head Impulse Test Reliably Detects Normal Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Indicative of Stroke in Patients With Acute Vestibular Syndrome","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210076147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","mag":"3210076147","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34777209","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8585749"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083125418","display_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Machner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-2906","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-2906"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112713","display_name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","ror":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Machner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042302018","display_name":"Kira Erber","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112713","display_name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","ror":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kira Erber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110696341","display_name":"Jin Hee Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8981-3168","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8981-3168","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8404-8006"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112713","display_name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","ror":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Hee Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059425198","display_name":"Andreas Sprenger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9255-7911","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9255-7911"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112713","display_name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","ror":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Sprenger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047462818","display_name":"Christoph Helmchen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-2294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-2294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112713","display_name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","ror":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Helmchen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023924541","display_name":"Peter Trillenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3434-0295","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3434-0295"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112713","display_name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","ror":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Trillenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083125418"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112713"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":1.5521,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80661984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"741859","last_page":"741859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10542","display_name":"Vestibular and auditory disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10542","display_name":"Vestibular and auditory disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11785","display_name":"Nausea and vomiting management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-head-impulse-test","display_name":"video head impulse test","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vestibulo-ocular-reflex","display_name":"vestibulo-ocular reflex","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-vestibular-syndrome","display_name":"acute vestibular syndrome","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"stroke","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vestibular-neuritis","display_name":"vestibular neuritis","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vor-gain","display_name":"VOR gain","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interobserver-agreement","display_name":"interobserver agreement","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department","display_name":"emergency department","score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-vestibular-disorders","display_name":"central vestibular disorders","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke-screening","display_name":"stroke screening","score":0.34299999475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122845125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1883898","display_name":"Vestibulo\u2013ocular reflex","level":3,"score":0.8520008325576782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190041318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q596832","display_name":"Vestibular system","level":2,"score":0.7150692939758301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6758366823196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83974742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179405","display_name":"Reflex","level":2,"score":0.6664600968360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.5554078817367554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.5086201429367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.49000468850135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14645794034004211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34777209","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34777209","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in neurology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8585749","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8585749/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Neurol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9791b36f55024136aaf1059febbad800","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9791b36f55024136aaf1059febbad800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology, Vol 12 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.741859/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G977295037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MA5332/3\u20101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210076147.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210076147.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493517647","https://openalex.org/W1547156784","https://openalex.org/W1573016811","https://openalex.org/W1963988051","https://openalex.org/W1975879668","https://openalex.org/W1997303375","https://openalex.org/W1998025284","https://openalex.org/W2001019097","https://openalex.org/W2044817024","https://openalex.org/W2047393274","https://openalex.org/W2048749601","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2067640614","https://openalex.org/W2075421261","https://openalex.org/W2086601154","https://openalex.org/W2086742362","https://openalex.org/W2093113849","https://openalex.org/W2100112154","https://openalex.org/W2106527677","https://openalex.org/W2114048628","https://openalex.org/W2115901982","https://openalex.org/W2119014027","https://openalex.org/W2148192589","https://openalex.org/W2153251261","https://openalex.org/W2289479073","https://openalex.org/W2339840246","https://openalex.org/W2549005084","https://openalex.org/W2573681073","https://openalex.org/W2591054761","https://openalex.org/W2621781269","https://openalex.org/W2758384006","https://openalex.org/W2763441657","https://openalex.org/W2886014695","https://openalex.org/W2980594500","https://openalex.org/W3029164364","https://openalex.org/W3044765603","https://openalex.org/W3048018688","https://openalex.org/W3048353535","https://openalex.org/W3048723542","https://openalex.org/W3114617970","https://openalex.org/W4253569925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390394596","https://openalex.org/W2758779050","https://openalex.org/W2603250442","https://openalex.org/W2093113849","https://openalex.org/W2549005084","https://openalex.org/W2074899671","https://openalex.org/W4225405760","https://openalex.org/W1706162093","https://openalex.org/W3114617970","https://openalex.org/W2339840246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"The":[1,33,173],"head":[2],"impulse":[3],"test":[4],"(HIT)":[5],"assesses":[6],"the":[7,45,52,63,98,131,179,192,197,203,222,245],"vestibulo-ocular":[8],"reflex":[9],"(VOR)":[10],"and":[11,40,72,112,168,201,228,233],"is":[12,59],"used":[13],"to":[14,89,124,159,236],"differentiate":[15],"vestibular":[16,30],"neuritis":[17],"(abnormal":[18],"VOR)":[19,23],"from":[20],"stroke":[21,243],"(normal":[22],"in":[24,62,84,211,244],"patients":[25,85,239],"presenting":[26,86],"with":[27,87,178],"an":[28,54],"acute":[29],"syndrome":[31],"(AVS).":[32],"video-oculography-based":[34],"HIT":[35],"(vHIT)":[36],"quantifies":[37],"VOR":[38,103,137,227],"function":[39],"provides":[41],"information":[42],"imperceptible":[43],"for":[44,68,240],"clinician":[46],"during":[47],"clinical":[48],"bedside":[49],"HIT.":[50],"However,":[51],"vHIT\u2014like":[53],"electrocardiogram\u2014requires":[55],"experienced":[56],"interpretation,":[57],"which":[58],"especially":[60],"difficult":[61],"emergency":[64,91,246],"setting.":[65,247],"This":[66],"calls":[67],"a":[69,125,135,231],"simple,":[70,217],"reliable":[71],"rater-independent":[73],"way":[74],"of":[75,191,221],"analysis.":[76],"Methods:":[77],"We":[78],"retrospectively":[79],"collected":[80],"171":[81],"vHITs":[82,99,132,155,194],"performed":[83],"AVS":[88,238],"our":[90],"department.":[92],"Three":[93],"neuro-otological":[94],"experts":[95,145,198],"comprehensively":[96],"assessed":[97],"including":[100],"interpretability":[101],"(artifacts),":[102],"gain":[104,138],"(eye/head":[105],"velocity":[106,108],"ratio),":[107],"profile":[109],"(abrupt":[110],"decline)":[111],"corrective":[113],"saccades":[114],"(overt/covert).":[115],"Their":[116],"consensus":[117,181],"rating":[118],"(abnormal/peripheral":[119],"vs.":[120],"normal/central)":[121],"was":[122,146],"compared":[123],"simple":[126],"algorithm":[127,174],"that":[128],"automatically":[129],"classified":[130,189],"based":[133],"on":[134],"single":[136],"cutoff":[139],"(0.7).":[140],"Results:":[141],"Inter-rater":[142],"agreement":[143,177],"between":[144],"high":[147],"(Fleiss'":[148],"kappa":[149,183],"=":[150,184],"0.74).":[151],"Five":[152],"(2.9":[153],"%)":[154,164,171],"were":[156,165],"\u201cuninterpretable\u201d":[157],"according":[158],"experts'":[160,180],"consensus,":[161],"80":[162],"(46.8":[163],"rated":[166],"\u201cnormal\u201d":[167],"86":[169],"(50.3":[170],"\u201cabnormal\u201d.":[172],"had":[175,207],"substantial":[176],"(Cohen's":[182],"0.75).":[185],"Importantly,":[186],"it":[187,206],"correctly":[188],"all":[190],"normal/central":[193,226],"denoted":[195],"by":[196],"(100%":[199],"specificity)":[200],"at":[202],"same":[204],"time":[205],"sufficient":[208],"sensitivity":[209],"(75.6%)":[210],"detecting":[212],"abnormal/peripheral":[213],"vHITs.":[214],"Conclusion:":[215],"A":[216],"automated,":[218],"gain-based":[219],"evaluation":[220],"vHIT":[223],"reliably":[224],"detects":[225],"may":[229],"be":[230],"feasible":[232],"effective":[234],"tool":[235],"screen":[237],"potentially":[241],"underlying":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}
