{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3209944801","doi":null,"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic and School Closure: Learning Loss in Mathematics in Primary Education","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic and School Closure: Learning Loss in Mathematics in Primary Education","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3209944801","mag":"3209944801"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cca:wchild:97","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.child.carloalberto.org/images/documenti/child97_2021.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.child.carloalberto.org/images/documenti/child97_2021.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019996033","display_name":"Dalit Contini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-4060","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-4060"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalit Contini","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-4060","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082286556","display_name":"Maria Laura Di Tommaso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4626-0508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4626-0508"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Laura Di Tommaso","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4626-0508","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034879915","display_name":"Caterina Muratori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-4765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-4765"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caterina Muratori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023835544","display_name":"Daniela Piazzalunga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4765-4971","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4765-4971"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Piazzalunga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4765-4971","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000922345","display_name":"Lucia Schiavon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4874-7539","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4874-7539"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucia Schiavon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4874-7539","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13084","display_name":"Education during COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13084","display_name":"Education during COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.021700000390410423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11711","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-closures","display_name":"school closures","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-loss","display_name":"learning loss","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-achievement","display_name":"mathematics achievement","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-education","display_name":"primary education","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-inequality","display_name":"educational inequality","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/italy","display_name":"Italy","score":0.34700000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.8462792038917542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.7829617261886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.7518907189369202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.556065559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5433330535888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49657636880874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.44553282856941223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.4259519577026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3613537549972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32813510298728943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19722586870193481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.10803517699241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.07033637166023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cca:wchild:97","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.child.carloalberto.org/images/documenti/child97_2021.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.child.carloalberto.org/images/documenti/child97_2021.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cca:wpaper:664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.carloalberto.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/664-contini.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.carloalberto.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/664-contini.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14785","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://docs.iza.org/dp14785.pdf","pdf_url":"https://docs.iza.org/dp14785.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:trn:utwprg:2021/16","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.economia.unitn.it/alfresco/download/workspace/SpacesStore/e2a6d0d6-8d49-492b-895e-9337370127f2/DEM2021_16.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.economia.unitn.it/alfresco/download/workspace/SpacesStore/e2a6d0d6-8d49-492b-895e-9337370127f2/DEM2021_16.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:uto:dipeco:202117","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.est.unito.it/do/home.pl/Download?doc=/allegati/wp2021dip/wp_17_2021.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.est.unito.it/do/home.pl/Download?doc=/allegati/wp2021dip/wp_17_2021.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:3209944801","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/cca/wpaper/664.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/250446","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/250446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:workingPaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3206669069","https://openalex.org/W4223947538","https://openalex.org/W4377832500","https://openalex.org/W4382989299","https://openalex.org/W7217581070","https://openalex.org/W4281788864","https://openalex.org/W6946324726","https://openalex.org/W4220867118","https://openalex.org/W4406731361","https://openalex.org/W4403391823"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Italy":[0],"was":[1,119],"the":[2,22,25,31,34,40,51,59,62,72,87,90,103,116,122],"first":[3],"Western":[4],"country":[5],"hit":[6],"by":[7,86],"Covid-19":[8],"in":[9,47,76,106],"February":[10],"2020,":[11],"responding":[12],"with":[13,79],"a":[14,82,98],"tight":[15],"lockdown":[16],"and":[17,36,61,129],"full":[18],"school":[19,26,37,45],"closure":[20,38],"until":[21],"end":[23,91],"of":[24,33,43,54,57,92,113],"year.":[27],"This":[28],"paper":[29],"estimates":[30],"effect":[32],"pandemic":[35,96],"on":[39,71,81,102],"math":[41],"skills":[42],"primary":[44],"pupils":[46],"Italy.":[48],"We":[49],"compare":[50],"learning":[52,117],"achievements":[53],"two":[55],"cohorts":[56],"pupils,":[58],"pre-Covid":[60],"Covid":[63],"cohort.":[64],"For":[65],"both":[66],"cohorts,":[67],"we":[68],"match":[69],"scores":[70,80],"national":[73],"standardised":[74,83],"assessment":[75],"grade":[77,93],"2":[78],"test":[84],"delivered":[85],"researchers":[88],"at":[89],"3.":[94],"The":[95],"had":[97],"large":[99],"negative":[100],"impact":[101],"pupils'":[104],"performance":[105],"mathematics":[107],"(-0.19":[108],"standard":[109],"deviations).":[110],"Among":[111],"children":[112],"low-educated":[114],"parents,":[115],"loss":[118],"larger":[120],"for":[121,130],"best-performing":[123],"ones":[124],"(up":[125],"to":[126],"-0.51":[127],"s.d.)":[128],"girls":[131],"(-0.29":[132],"s.d.).":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}
