{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3209864939","doi":null,"title":"On the Tractability of Neural Causal Inference","display_name":"On the Tractability of Neural Causal Inference","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3209864939","mag":"3209864939"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3209864939","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.12052.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.12052.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039693339","display_name":"Matej Ze\u010devi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5293-5850","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5293-5850"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matej Ze\u010devi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5293-5850","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029345613","display_name":"Devendra Singh Dhami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-7193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-7193","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1024-7483"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devendra Singh Dhami","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-7193","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037636074","display_name":"Kristian Kersting","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-9152","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-9152"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristian Kersting","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-9152","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sum-product-networks","display_name":"sum-product networks","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tractability","display_name":"tractability","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"causal inference","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity","display_name":"computational complexity","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-networks","display_name":"Bayesian networks","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"multilayer perceptron","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-inference","display_name":"marginal inference","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6664354801177979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.6479409337043762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6130005717277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155846161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143367","display_name":"Graphical model","level":2,"score":0.53604656457901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5120370984077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47237375378608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.44756004214286804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.427574098110199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.38475048542022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2576860785484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.08610177040100098}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3209864939","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.12052.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3209864939","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.12052.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502137748","https://openalex.org/W1757796397","https://openalex.org/W1862639047","https://openalex.org/W1966894658","https://openalex.org/W1978108654","https://openalex.org/W1980452149","https://openalex.org/W1988115241","https://openalex.org/W2040370888","https://openalex.org/W2103496339","https://openalex.org/W2121260740","https://openalex.org/W2138162238","https://openalex.org/W2139546855","https://openalex.org/W2139590055","https://openalex.org/W2153937595","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2425855276","https://openalex.org/W2486285194","https://openalex.org/W2626778328","https://openalex.org/W2761777661","https://openalex.org/W2890008096","https://openalex.org/W2903571680","https://openalex.org/W2945002320","https://openalex.org/W2945431146","https://openalex.org/W2946508746","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2965519836","https://openalex.org/W3003885398","https://openalex.org/W3017049286","https://openalex.org/W3034884317","https://openalex.org/W3035141830","https://openalex.org/W3035380504","https://openalex.org/W3120045749","https://openalex.org/W3129194741","https://openalex.org/W3180438404","https://openalex.org/W3198151161","https://openalex.org/W3208075463"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4286896246","https://openalex.org/W3180438404","https://openalex.org/W3129224336","https://openalex.org/W4386930959","https://openalex.org/W3003885398","https://openalex.org/W4225866298","https://openalex.org/W4366327501","https://openalex.org/W2017408840","https://openalex.org/W6931521806","https://openalex.org/W2169902385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Roth":[0],"(1996)":[1],"proved":[2],"that":[3,86,105],"any":[4],"form":[5],"of":[6,58,71,115],"marginal":[7],"inference":[8,89,109],"with":[9],"probabilistic":[10,31],"graphical":[11],"models":[12,49],"(e.g.":[13],"Bayesian":[14],"Networks)":[15],"will":[16],"at":[17],"least":[18],"be":[19],"NP-hard.":[20],"Introduced":[21],"and":[22,75,110,125],"extensively":[23],"investigated":[24],"in":[25,108,113],"the":[26,29],"past":[27],"decade,":[28],"neural":[30,47],"circuits":[32],"known":[33],"as":[34],"sum-product":[35],"network":[36],"(SPN)":[37],"offers":[38],"linear":[39],"time":[40],"complexity.":[41],"On":[42],"another":[43],"note,":[44],"research":[45],"around":[46],"causal":[48,88],"(NCM)":[50],"recently":[51],"gained":[52],"traction,":[53],"demanding":[54],"a":[55,68,101],"tighter":[56],"integration":[57],"causality":[59],"for":[60,81],"machine":[61],"learning.":[62],"To":[63],"this":[64],"end,":[65],"we":[66],"present":[67],"theoretical":[69,130],"investigation":[70],"if,":[72],"when,":[73],"how":[74],"under":[76],"what":[77],"cost":[78],"tractability":[79],"occurs":[80],"different":[82],"NCM.":[83,97],"We":[84,98],"prove":[85],"SPN-based":[87],"is":[90,106],"generally":[91],"tractable,":[92],"opposed":[93],"to":[94],"standard":[95,126],"MLP-based":[96],"further":[99],"introduce":[100],"new":[102],"tractable":[103],"NCM-class":[104],"efficient":[107],"fully":[111],"expressive":[112],"terms":[114],"Pearl's":[116],"Causal":[117],"Hierarchy.":[118],"Our":[119],"comparative":[120],"empirical":[121],"illustration":[122],"on":[123],"simulations":[124],"benchmarks":[127],"validates":[128],"our":[129],"proofs.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}