{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3209856478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","title":"Digital elevation modeling using artificial neural networks, deterministic and geostatistical interpolation methods","display_name":"Digital elevation modeling using artificial neural networks, deterministic and geostatistical interpolation methods","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3209856478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","mag":"3209856478"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31127/tuje.889570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214124","display_name":"Turkish Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2587-1366","issn":["2587-1366"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318380","host_organization_name":"S\u00fcleyman Demirel University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["S\u00fcleyman Demirel University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059824167","display_name":"Esra Asl\u0131 \u00c7UBUK\u00c7U","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4159-205X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4159-205X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117254","display_name":"Konya Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02s82rs08","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117254"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153056","display_name":"KTO Karatay University","ror":"https://ror.org/054341q84","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esra Asl\u0131 \u00c7UBUK\u00c7U","raw_affiliation_strings":["KONYA TEKN\u0130K \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130, L\u0130SANS\u00dcST\u00dc E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M ENST\u0130T\u00dcS\u00dc","KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Civil Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4159-205X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KONYA TEKN\u0130K \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130, L\u0130SANS\u00dcST\u00dc E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M ENST\u0130T\u00dcS\u00dc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Civil Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007723735","display_name":"Vahdettin Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6590-5658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6590-5658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153056","display_name":"KTO Karatay University","ror":"https://ror.org/054341q84","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vahdettin DEM\u0130R","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTO KARATAY UNIVERSITY","KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Civil Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6590-5658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTO KARATAY UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Civil Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036693758","display_name":"Mehmet Faik Sevimli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4676-8782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4676-8782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153056","display_name":"KTO Karatay University","ror":"https://ror.org/054341q84","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehmet Faik SEV\u0130ML\u0130","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTO KARATAY UNIVERSITY","KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Civil Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4676-8782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTO KARATAY UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Civil Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007723735"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153056"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7853,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69308629,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"199","last_page":"205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.7958999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.7958999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13511","display_name":"Geodetic Measurements and Engineering Structures","score":0.057100001722574234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11490","display_name":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","score":0.029400000348687172,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"digital elevation model","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation-interpolation","display_name":"elevation interpolation","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-distance-weighting","display_name":"inverse distance weighting","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"kriging","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radial-basis-function-neural-network","display_name":"radial basis function neural network","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"multilayer perceptron","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalized-regression-neural-network","display_name":"generalized regression neural network","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dem-accuracy-comparison","display_name":"DEM accuracy comparison","score":0.5550000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.8246356248855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.7864258289337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.7089341282844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.6470717787742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.5864994525909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5643339157104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80551277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11210","display_name":"Coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.49822545051574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123046963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22664","display_name":"Geographic coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.4940357804298401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122523270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34027","display_name":"Latitude","level":2,"score":0.4621812105178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4460676908493042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3509039282798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.33877021074295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3350614309310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3295114040374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.31116434931755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.2801961302757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21612539887428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.19740667939186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.19293460249900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31127/tuje.889570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214124","display_name":"Turkish Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2587-1366","issn":["2587-1366"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318380","host_organization_name":"S\u00fcleyman Demirel University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["S\u00fcleyman Demirel University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/889570","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tuje/issue/65624/889570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214124","display_name":"Turkish Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2587-1366","issn":["2587-1366"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318380","host_organization_name":"S\u00fcleyman Demirel University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["S\u00fcleyman Demirel University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:acikerisim.karatay.edu.tr:20.500.12498/9510","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12498/9510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055354","display_name":"KTO Karatay University Institutional Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://dx.doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31127/tuje.889570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.889570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214124","display_name":"Turkish Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2587-1366","issn":["2587-1366"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318380","host_organization_name":"S\u00fcleyman Demirel University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["S\u00fcleyman Demirel University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1870233462","https://openalex.org/W1887765764","https://openalex.org/W2000672962","https://openalex.org/W2000700023","https://openalex.org/W2007818389","https://openalex.org/W2015150103","https://openalex.org/W2015572511","https://openalex.org/W2020633565","https://openalex.org/W2029187651","https://openalex.org/W2056850410","https://openalex.org/W2086472796","https://openalex.org/W2098034073","https://openalex.org/W2142083752","https://openalex.org/W2145415008","https://openalex.org/W2162809584","https://openalex.org/W2335752089","https://openalex.org/W2347287186","https://openalex.org/W2541420705","https://openalex.org/W2566961083","https://openalex.org/W2611907205","https://openalex.org/W2771704143","https://openalex.org/W2921805701","https://openalex.org/W2942896311","https://openalex.org/W2970931572","https://openalex.org/W2978303391","https://openalex.org/W2985706916","https://openalex.org/W3031217719","https://openalex.org/W3128937359","https://openalex.org/W3131210953","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6689790001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092159989","https://openalex.org/W7115071656","https://openalex.org/W2042179281","https://openalex.org/W2022040280","https://openalex.org/W4387480714","https://openalex.org/W6908563542","https://openalex.org/W7100193124","https://openalex.org/W2768352214","https://openalex.org/W7140566819","https://openalex.org/W2751700325"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"digital":[1,11],"elevation":[2],"model":[3],"(DEM)":[4],"is":[5,50,66,133],"the":[6,16,40,58,89,135,196,203,220],"name":[7],"given":[8],"to":[9,14,45,57,195,218],"a":[10,209],"structure":[12],"used":[13,145,166],"indicate":[15],"surface.":[17],"Determination":[18,179],"of":[19,137,178,205,212],"features":[20],"such":[21],"as":[22,88,191],"elevation,":[23],"basin":[24,27],"slope":[25],"and":[26,42,68,106,139,143,155,161,169,185,227],"area":[28],"are":[29,37,71,93,144],"very":[30],"important":[31],"in":[32,52,134,167],"engineering":[33,53],"applications.":[34,54],"These":[35,121],"properties":[36],"determined":[38,72],"by":[39,73,225],"DEM":[41],"their":[43],"power":[44],"represent":[46],"accuracy":[47],"or":[48],"truth":[49],"vital":[51],"In":[55,78],"addition":[56],"latitude":[59],"(X),":[60],"longitude(Y)":[61],"coordinate":[62,98,125,129,141,163],"information,":[63],"altitude":[64],"information":[65,142,164],"required,":[67],"intermediate":[69],"values":[70],"different":[74,101,119],"methods":[75,108,207],"for":[76],"DEM.":[77],"this":[79],"study,":[80],"Mert":[81],"River":[82],"Basin":[83],"Samsun":[84],"(Turkey)":[85],"was":[86,165,200,216],"chosen":[87],"application":[90],"area.":[91],"Heights":[92],"estimated":[94],"from":[95],"X,":[96],"Y":[97,162],"information.":[99],"Three":[100],"Artificial":[102,111,148,152,157],"Neural":[103,112,149,153,158],"Networks,":[104],"IDW":[105,168,226],"Kriging":[107,170,214],"were":[109,115,174],"used.":[110],"Networks":[113],"(ANN)":[114],"analyzed":[116],"with":[117],"three":[118],"inputs.":[120],"are:":[122],"(i)":[123],"x":[124,138],"information;":[126,130],"(ii)":[127],"y":[128,140],"(iii)":[131],"It":[132,199],"form":[136],"Radial":[146],"Based":[147],"Network,":[150],"Multilayer":[151],"Network":[154],"Generalized":[156],"Network.":[159],"X":[160],"interpolation":[171],"methods.":[172],"Results":[173],"evaluated":[175],"using":[176],"Coefficient":[177],"(R\u00b2),":[180],"Mean":[181,187],"Absolute":[182],"Error":[183,189],"(MAE)":[184],"Root":[186],"Square":[188],"(RMSE)":[190],"comparison":[192],"criteria.":[193],"According":[194],"modeling":[197],"results:":[198],"observed":[201],"that":[202],"results":[204],"all":[206],"reached":[208],"sufficient":[210],"level":[211],"accuracy.":[213],"method":[215],"found":[217],"be":[219],"most":[221],"successful":[222],"model,":[223],"followed":[224],"ANN.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}
