{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3209640963","doi":null,"title":"Historical Environmental Racism, Structural Inequalities, and Dik\u2019os Ntsaa\u00edg\u00ed\u00ed-19 (COVID-19) on Navajo Nation","display_name":"Historical Environmental Racism, Structural Inequalities, and Dik\u2019os Ntsaa\u00edg\u00ed\u00ed-19 (COVID-19) on Navajo Nation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3209640963","mag":"3209640963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dev.journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/70753","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/view/70753","pdf_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/download/70753/54416","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918254","display_name":"Journal of indigenous social development","issn_l":"2164-9170","issn":["2164-9170"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2164-9170","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/download/70753/54416","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014053985","display_name":"Nicholet Deschine Parkhurst","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholet A. Deschine Parkhurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University**"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University**","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088494409","display_name":"Kimberly R. Huyser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-0621","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-0621"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly R. Huyser","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of British Columbia ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-0621","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of British Columbia ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074214784","display_name":"Aggie J. Yellow Horse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-7968","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-7968"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aggie J. Yellow Horse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University**"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-7968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University**","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6195,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7253537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"127","last_page":"140"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10348","display_name":"Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights","score":0.663100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10348","display_name":"Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights","score":0.663100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12259","display_name":"Environmental Justice and Health Disparities","score":0.32589998841285706,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13822","display_name":"Indigenous Health and Education","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/navajo-nation","display_name":"Navajo Nation","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uranium-mining","display_name":"uranium mining","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-inequality","display_name":"structural inequality","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-health","display_name":"Indigenous health","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-research-paradigm","display_name":"Indigenous research paradigm","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-knowledge","display_name":"indigenous knowledge","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-insecurity","display_name":"food insecurity","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-accessibility","display_name":"hospital accessibility","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-disparities","display_name":"public health disparities","score":0.5400000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781222102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13310","display_name":"Navajo","level":2,"score":0.9844950437545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.7698534727096558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.6507553458213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.6041601300239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.521203875541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48346146941185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.4773842692375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.43115633726119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.42673471570014954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.38333219289779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3704527020454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.3443095088005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3387909531593323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.2694547176361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.24145466089248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2368737757205963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.23542943596839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.16136229038238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09317588806152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dev.journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/70753","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/view/70753","pdf_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/download/70753/54416","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918254","display_name":"Journal of indigenous social development","issn_l":"2164-9170","issn":["2164-9170"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2164-9170","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:3209640963","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/view/70753","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dev.journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/70753","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/view/70753","pdf_url":"https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/jisd/article/download/70753/54416","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918254","display_name":"Journal of indigenous social development","issn_l":"2164-9170","issn":["2164-9170"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2164-9170","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.9629999995231628,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3209640963.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3209640963.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1208608215","https://openalex.org/W1969035201","https://openalex.org/W1984317986","https://openalex.org/W1988605465","https://openalex.org/W1997842316","https://openalex.org/W2001310740","https://openalex.org/W2007248025","https://openalex.org/W2014925833","https://openalex.org/W2018063740","https://openalex.org/W2027443119","https://openalex.org/W2029648951","https://openalex.org/W2051870954","https://openalex.org/W2107916612","https://openalex.org/W2117947229","https://openalex.org/W2120516929","https://openalex.org/W2127120543","https://openalex.org/W2136727656","https://openalex.org/W2137281560","https://openalex.org/W2147249348","https://openalex.org/W2151327749","https://openalex.org/W2167963299","https://openalex.org/W2304270462","https://openalex.org/W2461977915","https://openalex.org/W2517524719","https://openalex.org/W2580357167","https://openalex.org/W2767897854","https://openalex.org/W2890251656","https://openalex.org/W2897972628","https://openalex.org/W2909601477","https://openalex.org/W2943101609","https://openalex.org/W2965334071","https://openalex.org/W3020471019","https://openalex.org/W3024899185","https://openalex.org/W3085076435","https://openalex.org/W3092429264"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3196721155","https://openalex.org/W3114760961","https://openalex.org/W4401409647","https://openalex.org/W3189548734","https://openalex.org/W6902919978","https://openalex.org/W3122103083","https://openalex.org/W3212089812","https://openalex.org/W3029708083","https://openalex.org/W6978082363","https://openalex.org/W3164191304"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Navajo":[1,42,89,120,128,190],"Nation":[2,121],"has":[3,26],"been":[4],"disproportionately":[5],"affected":[6],"by":[7,95,107,122,186],"Dik\u2019os":[8,205],"Ntsaa\u00edg\u00ed\u00ed-19":[9],"(COVID-19),":[10],"with":[11],"the":[12,19,29,36,55,59,70,78,84,92,97,119,127,139,147,163,181,194,202],"highest":[13],"per":[14],"capita":[15],"COVID-19":[16,40,115,165],"rate":[17],"in":[18,34,200],"United":[20],"States.":[21],"While":[22],"some":[23],"media":[24],"attention":[25],"focused":[27],"on":[28,66,88,118,170],"importance":[30,195],"of":[31,39,62,83,109,130,189,196,204],"structural":[32,103],"inequalities":[33,104],"understanding":[35,201],"heightened":[37],"experiences":[38],"for":[41,180],"people,":[43],"we":[44,76],"draw":[45],"from":[46,126,146],"Indigenous":[47,50,67],"knowledge":[48],"and":[49,112,114,138,142,156,173,198],"research":[51],"paradigm":[52],"to":[53,57,69],"bring":[54],"need":[56,179],"consider":[58],"lasting":[60,80],"legacy":[61],"historical":[63,85],"environmental":[64,86],"racism":[65,87],"land":[68],"current":[71],"public":[72],"health":[73,81],"discourse.":[74],"Specifically,":[75],"explore":[77],"potential":[79],"implications":[82],"people":[90,191],"at":[91],"ecological":[93],"level":[94],"describing":[96],"associations":[98],"between":[99],"abandoned":[100],"uranium":[101],"mines,":[102],"(as":[105],"measured":[106],"lack":[108],"grocery":[110],"stores":[111],"hospitals)":[113],"confirmed":[116],"cases":[117,166],"compiling":[123],"unique":[124],"dataset":[125],"Department":[129],"Health,":[131],"2014-2018":[132],"American":[133],"Community":[134],"Survey":[135],"5-years":[136],"estimates,":[137],"Uranium":[140],"Mines":[141],"Mills":[143],"Location":[144],"Database":[145],"U.S.":[148],"Environmental":[149],"Protection":[150],"Agency.":[151],"We":[152],"found":[153],"that":[154,175,192],"population":[155],"housing":[157],"characteristics":[158],"do":[159],"not":[160],"fully":[161],"explain":[162],"different":[164],"among":[167],"11":[168],"counties":[169],"Din\u00e9":[171],"Bik\u00e9yah,":[172],"suggest":[174],"there":[176],"is":[177,184],"a":[178],"holistic":[182],"approach":[183],"guided":[185],"H\u00f3zh\u00f3":[187],"wisdom":[188],"emphasize":[193],"interconnectedness":[197],"whole-system":[199],"impacts":[203],"Ntsaa\u00edg\u00ed\u00ed-19.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}