{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3209457971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","title":"Proton therapy needs further technological development to fulfill the promise of becoming a superior treatment modality (compared to photon therapy)","display_name":"Proton therapy needs further technological development to fulfill the promise of becoming a superior treatment modality (compared to photon therapy)","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3209457971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","mag":"3209457971","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34730268","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8598137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/acm2.13450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29972171","display_name":"Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics","issn_l":"1526-9914","issn":["1526-9914"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051325842","display_name":"Daniel Ellis Hyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-9599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-9599"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142782","display_name":"University of Iowa Health Care","ror":"https://ror.org/0431j1t39","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644","https://openalex.org/I4210142782"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel E. Hyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-9599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644","https://openalex.org/I4210142782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068845250","display_name":"Xuanfeng Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-6278","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-6278"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanfeng Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Park, Michigan, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Park, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083147441","display_name":"Yi Rong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2620-1893","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2620-1893"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125099","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03jp40720","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039332","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center (Arizona)","ror":"https://ror.org/003xpy695","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4390039332"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2620-1893","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938","https://openalex.org/I4390039332"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083147441"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938","https://openalex.org/I4390039332"],"apc_list":{"value":600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":600},"apc_paid":{"value":600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":600},"fwci":1.1347,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78563472,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"11","first_page":"4","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12055","display_name":"Boron Compounds in Chemistry","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-therapy","display_name":"proton therapy","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-therapy","display_name":"photon therapy","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity-modulated-proton-therapy","display_name":"intensity-modulated proton therapy","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pencil-beam-scanning","display_name":"pencil beam scanning","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness-optimization","display_name":"robustness optimization","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-comparison","display_name":"treatment comparison","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-outcomes","display_name":"clinical outcomes","score":0.33399999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507667","display_name":"Proton therapy","level":3,"score":0.883516788482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.6503742337226868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4951557219028473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775881188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162317","display_name":"Pencil-beam scanning","level":4,"score":0.47101104259490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.45309239625930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778418280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38276304","display_name":"Particle therapy","level":3,"score":0.44543907046318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780944729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897227","display_name":"Bragg peak","level":3,"score":0.44078001379966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.41988813877105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54516573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294","display_name":"Proton","level":2,"score":0.3230358958244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2807590663433075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.1857282817363739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.16456469893455505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12670758366584778}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011880","descriptor_name":"Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061766","descriptor_name":"Proton Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/acm2.13450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29972171","display_name":"Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics","issn_l":"1526-9914","issn":["1526-9914"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8598137","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8598137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Appl Clin Med Phys","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34730268","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34730268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of applied clinical medical physics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/acm2.13450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29972171","display_name":"Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics","issn_l":"1526-9914","issn":["1526-9914"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G849328827","display_name":"Sharpening the edge in pencil-beam proton therapy: an aftermarket collimation system to better spare normal tissue during radiation treatment","funder_award_id":"R37CA226518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172694461","https://openalex.org/W1515726259","https://openalex.org/W1840160029","https://openalex.org/W1968042369","https://openalex.org/W1968899146","https://openalex.org/W1969266436","https://openalex.org/W1986376168","https://openalex.org/W1988936862","https://openalex.org/W1997820018","https://openalex.org/W1998391976","https://openalex.org/W2007473361","https://openalex.org/W2008265886","https://openalex.org/W2011051681","https://openalex.org/W2017872025","https://openalex.org/W2027226834","https://openalex.org/W2036417164","https://openalex.org/W2042975860","https://openalex.org/W2047204133","https://openalex.org/W2055083549","https://openalex.org/W2055752524","https://openalex.org/W2060933696","https://openalex.org/W2061512015","https://openalex.org/W2065480491","https://openalex.org/W2066236624","https://openalex.org/W2075601151","https://openalex.org/W2083074823","https://openalex.org/W2086479790","https://openalex.org/W2098112001","https://openalex.org/W2100592197","https://openalex.org/W2103101993","https://openalex.org/W2103485856","https://openalex.org/W2112095335","https://openalex.org/W2118934545","https://openalex.org/W2123186465","https://openalex.org/W2127768135","https://openalex.org/W2149394488","https://openalex.org/W2214854399","https://openalex.org/W2275515869","https://openalex.org/W2280232957","https://openalex.org/W2339202597","https://openalex.org/W2405554646","https://openalex.org/W2470147592","https://openalex.org/W2500797881","https://openalex.org/W2503119724","https://openalex.org/W2516454733","https://openalex.org/W2549005298","https://openalex.org/W2592877257","https://openalex.org/W2598961645","https://openalex.org/W2618866637","https://openalex.org/W2737087640","https://openalex.org/W2779892658","https://openalex.org/W2786336772","https://openalex.org/W2787509366","https://openalex.org/W2791108487","https://openalex.org/W2791655860","https://openalex.org/W2809837564","https://openalex.org/W2887390889","https://openalex.org/W2902874611","https://openalex.org/W2914389178","https://openalex.org/W2937568243","https://openalex.org/W2957914865","https://openalex.org/W2966181207","https://openalex.org/W2969024471","https://openalex.org/W2973010267","https://openalex.org/W2978711345","https://openalex.org/W2998389545","https://openalex.org/W3001100127","https://openalex.org/W3009407157","https://openalex.org/W3010904936","https://openalex.org/W3020062769","https://openalex.org/W3032404152","https://openalex.org/W3093752914","https://openalex.org/W3107628190","https://openalex.org/W3108078206","https://openalex.org/W3125501812","https://openalex.org/W3129778179","https://openalex.org/W3130561878","https://openalex.org/W3145784243","https://openalex.org/W3176206338","https://openalex.org/W3196287211","https://openalex.org/W3209457971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2460080510","https://openalex.org/W2461375308","https://openalex.org/W2461646333","https://openalex.org/W2467234914","https://openalex.org/W2468154181","https://openalex.org/W4361301317","https://openalex.org/W2941766773","https://openalex.org/W2235034047","https://openalex.org/W132693447","https://openalex.org/W4408990740"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0,2755],"has":[1,25,70,349,371,459,532,571,687,692,908,918,932,1095,1488,1512,1581,1658,2153,2162,2194,2218,2237,2852,2858,3140,3184,3233],"been":[2,26,72,167,350,533,909,935,1097,1167,1208,1334,1582,2154,2195,2620,3141,3185,3234],"an":[3,302,781,957,1211,1233,1338,2493,2515,2854,3087,3092,3255],"ongoing":[4,2808],"debate":[5,3124],"over":[6,37,366,476,603,676,1232,1247,1517,1708,1791,2426],"the":[7,38,53,57,103,107,147,163,174,233,243,272,282,294,306,312,327,342,359,377,383,405,413,438,466,489,504,582,596,607,614,629,641,660,669,673,677,715,718,731,741,797,832,841,848,977,994,1052,1056,1077,1084,1100,1113,1131,1142,1148,1230,1269,1278,1299,1302,1306,1312,1315,1323,1345,1395,1399,1407,1439,1529,1539,1551,1563,1571,1590,1607,1651,1655,1661,1668,1672,1676,1680,1683,1687,1722,1729,1738,1751,1757,1776,1787,1799,1844,1868,1911,1953,1966,2040,2073,2083,2102,2133,2139,2142,2145,2202,2208,2211,2225,2232,2286,2299,2334,2350,2368,2481,2484,2504,2532,2548,2600,2632,2662,2668,2685,2701,2728,2766,2769,2805,2816,2827,2869,2882,2885,2892,2901,2935,2960,3010,3016,3019,3055,3058,3075,3133,3170,3213,3229,3242,3291,3295,3304,3315,3320,3335,3342,3357,3404,3410,3424,3431,3458,3462,3479,3505,3513],"superiority":[8,36,111,1790,2140,2240,2370,3135,3429],"of":[9,31,56,90,125,200,245,274,285,296,308,314,344,376,382,407,482,492,503,512,545,553,565,609,717,796,844,847,947,1027,1133,1150,1163,1218,1237,1272,1290,1301,1314,1340,1383,1403,1412,1473,1507,1586,1609,1616,1633,1638,1675,1686,1712,1731,1801,1819,1833,1849,1876,1914,1956,2135,2141,2147,2167,2191,2204,2213,2227,2243,2252,2290,2316,2328,2336,2356,2371,2384,2389,2395,2483,2506,2517,2587,2603,2635,2700,2717,2819,2829,2844,2881,2919,2934,2955,3000,3012,3044,3094,3101,3119,3145,3290,3383,3427,3438,3481],"proton":[10,58,91,180,191,211,323,346,354,420,440,450,521,536,559,572,600,610,666,777,823,874,900,930,954,980,1011,1046,1106,1157,1219,1282,1316,1404,1413,1420,1468,1486,1510,1533,1689,1855,1869,1891,2084,2095,2122,2148,2160,2192,2234,2317,2357,2372,2457,2512,2604,2627,2636,2653,2711,2746,2820,2830,2838,2859,2921,3160,3190,3203,3225,3248,3252,3283,3352,3363,3384,3405],"beam":[11,15,185,324,416,774,1114,1144,1291,3385],"therapy":[12,16,92,181,192,212,236,355,522,537,547,560,573,601,611,667,686,703,778,800,824,838,875,901,917,931,955,981,1012,1047,1107,1283,1469,1487,1511,1519,1840,1870,1924,1958,2007,2096,2149,2161,2193,2235,2318,2373,2458,2465,2513,2637,2654,2712,2747,2821,2839,2860,2922,2950,3249,3353,3364,3386,3406],"versus":[13,23,2439],"photon":[14,24,67,253,604,685,799,916,1518,1540,1717,1792,1813,1839,1857,1923,1957,2006,2041,2074,2214,2300,2464,2719,3166],"for":[17,61,232,341,358,542,581,633,730,745,805,814,970,1009,1062,1156,1280,1547,1558,1561,1631,1822,1901,1998,2031,2066,2097,2107,2255,2269,2352,2684,2689,2752,2837,2868,3049,3067,3117,3196,3208,3307,3495],"more":[18,984,1873,1944,1961,2020,2057,2105,2283,2461,2597,2833,3096,3109],"than":[19,1252,1538,1812,2197,2463,2715,3165],"two":[20,29,100,164,363,2902],"decades.1-3":[21],"Proton":[22],"just":[27,1238,1253],"like":[28],"ends":[30],"a":[32,73,122,198,214,247,334,345,524,549,577,619,634,648,884,1024,1045,1119,1171,1239,1248,1254,1328,1419,1494,1504,1514,1583,1617,1624,1709,1863,1971,1994,2027,2249,2382,2392,2407,2417,2499,2507,2518,2527,2567,2593,2677,2734,2749,2762,2823,2846,2864,2912,2920,2942,2973,2998,3004,3078,3083,3142,3159,3220,3223,3328],"seesaw,":[33],"one":[34,2424,3031,3289],"gaining":[35],"other":[39,204,2199,2209],"as":[40,76,339,374,437,465,501,576,753,883,915,1210,1493,1762,1986,1988,2181,2615,2748,2822,2863,3077,3086,3361,3437],"technologies":[41,2176,3348],"advances":[42,1457],"during":[43,3334],"these":[44,790,1369,1771,2067,2575,2579,2802,2984,3418],"years.":[45,680],"Even":[46],"though":[47],"we":[48,133,207,2454,2595,2609,3324],"are":[49,555,762,891,1059,1069,1189,1372,1436,1929,2063,2177,2324,2442,2581,2756,2900,2945,2957,3039,3398],"all":[50,2983],"familiar":[51],"with":[52,173,362,558,647,864,920,937,960,1040,1390,1532,1837,1880,1886,1895,1943,2121,2312,2399,2538,2710,2723,2979,3150],"distinct":[54],"benefit":[55,2046,3014],"\"Bragg":[59,1525],"Peak\"":[60],"reducing":[62,628,1112,1805],"exit":[63,624],"dose":[64,625,1002,1102,1392,1531,1564,1576,1596,1611,1664,1724,1963,2008,2017,2042,2119,2277,2376,2534,2546,2681,2696,2709,2738,3226,3411],"compared":[65,784,1715,1836,2297,2962],"to":[66,77,117,130,195,221,241,252,594,664,689,736,743,785,825,834,839,878,893,962,968,986,993,1013,1022,1033,1036,1072,1089,1122,1140,1169,1192,1214,1224,1286,1336,1342,1365,1397,1431,1447,1565,1573,1577,1716,1786,1932,1952,2072,2298,2347,2366,2445,2466,2486,2503,2522,2540,2545,2565,2650,2743,2810,2840,2897,2909,2929,2963,2990,3015,3113,3169,3179,3240,3269,3282,3303,3401,3485],"beams,":[68],"there":[69,141,2323,2944,2986,3038,3397],"never":[71],"definitive":[74],"answer":[75,588],"which":[78,1129,1441,1960,2390,3192,3232],"modality":[79,217,250,580,1497,2751,2867],"is":[80,93,128,142,190,213,300,486,592,645,876,974,982,1020,1087,1118,1146,1245,1268,1284,1319,1326,1363,1429,1534,1555,1614,2099,2104,2319,2345,2403,2421,2459,2514,2535,2563,2675,2682,2713,2740,2835,2878,2987,3125,3162,3176,3205,3254,3259,3267,3287,3301,3379,3456,3478],"superior.":[81],"Additionally,":[82,1650,2110],"Level":[83],"I":[84,870,1482,2302,2310,2693,2721,2799,3148],"evidence":[85,1615,1909,2103,2361,3297,3378],"demonstrating":[86],"measurable":[87],"clinical":[88,108,119,137,201,225,566,597,674,866,1281,1477,1552,1697,1713,1829,1908,1996,2029,2076,2085,2230,2267,2386,2993,3120,3305,3377,3435],"advantage":[89,598,608,1402,1516,1622,1797,2501,3391,3433],"lacking.":[94],"Superiority":[95],"can":[96,1108],"be":[97,858,1031,1109,1287,2053,2282,2432,2656,3270],"defined":[98],"in":[99,146,151,178,224,268,276,287,353,391,397,409,422,435,494,527,613,640,651,655,723,733,802,808,861,912,1051,1055,1076,1080,1104,1174,1344,1349,1438,1442,1458,1589,1667,1695,1721,1728,1756,1867,1946,1959,1975,2019,2047,2124,2132,2150,2201,2241,2248,2285,2340,2423,2450,2584,2622,2658,2679,2687,2736,2768,2779,2784,2884,2959,2982,3035,3042,3074,3099,3158,3188,3237,3273,3314,3351,3381,3430,3461,3503,3509],"different":[101,3027],"aspects,":[102],"technology":[104,148,176,1501,1587,2236],"aspect":[105],"and":[106,278,305,322,348,365,399,442,455,468,480,509,567,626,658,671,691,722,727,740,757,768,807,829,898,925,950,989,998,1018,1181,1183,1305,1359,1362,1451,1464,1626,1647,1671,1733,1766,1780,1807,1831,1846,1856,1916,1983,2015,2050,2059,2101,2127,2173,2185,2294,2322,2381,2411,2469,2477,2490,2560,2572,2661,2786,2790,2807,2813,2895,2938,3022,3029,3046,3069,3091,3111,3172,3264,3266,3311,3332,3349,3368,3373,3392,3413,3434,3444,3470,3491,3500,3511],"aspect.":[109,149],"Technological":[110],"may":[112,114,857,1393,2431,2610,2655,3024],"or":[113,1079,1293,2889],"not":[115,135,574,1327,1719,2011,2639,2741,2861,2879,3126,3422],"lead":[116,220,439],"superior":[118,215,248,885,1191,1495,1618,2422,2750,2847,2913],"outcomes.":[120,1093],"From":[121],"physicist's":[123,1505],"point":[124,1506,3090],"view,":[126],"it":[127,531,591,1019,1318,1428,1543,1554,1782,1939,2051,2344,2877,2996],"safe":[129,1625,2060],"say":[131],"that":[132,210,218,535,584,599,616,711,872,979,1099,1265,1322,1379,1890,1922,2005,2039,2092,2118,2309,2330,2362,2404,2416,2456,2531,2591,2618,2676,2707,2716,2733,2760,2765,2801,2871,3037,3153,3258,3299],"would":[134,2529,2638],"see":[136,2611,3108],"outcome":[138],"improvements":[139,1054,2686,3420],"if":[140,873,2578],"no":[143,2045,2988],"clear":[144],"advancement":[145,2520],"Yet":[150],"recent":[152,175,913,1758,1874],"years,":[153],"several":[154,461,513],"major":[155,2903,3292],"multicenter,":[156],"prospective,":[157],"randomized":[158,1995,2028,2075],"phase":[159,1816,1972],"III":[160,1825,1973,2034],"trials":[161],"comparing":[162,2435],"modalities":[165,2497,3104],"have":[166,208,618,712,1005,1166,1205,1333,1692,1702,2619,3354],"initiated.4,":[168],"5":[169],"One":[170,1137],"might":[171,585,2052,2872],"wonder,":[172],"development":[177,240,343,357,1026,1264,2212,2355,2528,2630,3265],"intensity-modulated":[179],"based":[182,1297,1653,3365],"on":[183,765,1298,1356,1654,1775,2932,3127,3132,3202,3228,3366],"pencil":[184,415,773],"scanning,":[186],"robustness":[187,2482],"optimization,":[188],"etc.,":[189],"mature":[193],"enough":[194,2742],"enter":[196],"such":[197,752,895,1761,1795,2180,2607,2614,2644,2911,2992,3003,3115,3327,3360],"level":[199,1502,2228,2394],"trials?":[202],"In":[203,517,852,1159,1222,1330,1406,1453,1479,1569,1679,2070,2222,2874,3345],"words,":[205],"do":[206],"confidence":[209],"treatment":[216,249,636,750,886,1201,1231,1241,1375,1421,1466,1496,1619,1978,2061,2134,2174,2215,2378,2400,2848,2914,2975,3103],"should":[219],"positive":[222],"improvement":[223,1173,1730],"outcomes?":[226],"Herein,":[227],"Dr.":[228,256,262,298,330,385,426,445,473,2313,2363,2552,2704,2850,3151],"Daniel":[229,263,3476],"Hyer":[230,264,299,331,2851,3152,3477],"argues":[231],"proposition":[234],"\"Proton":[235],"needs":[237,902,1913],"further":[238,888,1574,1659,2353,3402],"technological":[239,356,695,889,1025,1456,2168,2354,2519,3134],"fulfill":[242,2841],"promise":[244,1492,2843],"becoming":[246,2156,2845],"(compared":[251],"therapy),\"":[254],"while":[255,929,1197],"Xuanfeng":[257,386,3440,3454],"Ding":[258,387,427,474,2364,2553,2705,3441,3455],"arguing":[259],"against":[260,2349],"it.":[261],"received":[265,388,460,3442],"his":[266,291,389,401],"PhD":[267,390],"Medical":[269],"Physics":[270,310,392],"from":[271,393,668,1418,1503,1740,2026,2087,2574,2793,2926,3388,3447],"University":[273,295,313,396,406],"Florida":[275],"2010":[277],"was":[279,469,659,1893,1940,3033,3072],"certified":[280,487],"by":[281,488,976,1111,1227,1520,1804,2307,2551,3408],"American":[283,490],"Board":[284,491],"Radiology":[286,493],"2013":[288],"after":[289],"completing":[290],"residency":[292,402],"at":[293,311,404,956,1311,1498,2592,2727],"Iowa.":[297,315],"currently":[301,332],"Associate":[303],"Professor":[304],"Director":[307],"Clinical":[309],"His":[316],"research":[317,447,463,2329,3263,3445],"interests":[318,448],"include":[319,449],"MRI-guided":[320],"radiotherapy":[321,698,706,709,760,3167],"therapy.":[325,529,605,1814,2358,2605,3147,3284],"On":[326,2207],"latter":[328],"topic,":[329],"holds":[333],"National":[335,3079],"Cancer":[336,424],"Institute":[337],"grant":[338],"PI":[340,467],"collimator":[347,2183],"actively":[351],"engaged":[352],"past":[360],"decade":[361],"patents":[364],"30":[367,477,1221],"peer-reviewed":[368,478,1700],"manuscripts.":[369],"He":[370,458,485,498],"also":[372,499,983,1060,1206,1556,1727,2648,3206,3457],"served":[373,500,3085],"President":[375,502],"Missouri":[378],"River":[379],"Valley":[380],"chapter":[381],"AAPM.":[384],"Wake":[394],"Forest":[395],"2012,":[398],"finished":[400],"training":[403],"Pennsylvania":[408],"2014.":[410],"After":[411],"commissioning":[412],"first":[414],"scanning":[417,775],"(PBS)":[418,776],"compact":[419],"system":[421,1377,3066,3139,3161,3253],"Willis-Knighton":[423],"Center,":[425],"joined":[428],"William":[429],"Beaumont":[430,3247],"Hospital,":[431],"Royal":[432],"Oak,":[433],"MI":[434],"2015,":[436],"physicist":[441],"Assistant":[443],"Professor.":[444],"Ding's":[446],"arc":[451,702,1235,1462,2187],"technique,":[452,3323],"adaptive":[453,708,837,1010,2511,3197,3209,3243,3362],"therapy,":[454,1718,2831],"motion":[456,1602],"management.":[457],"extramural":[462],"grants":[464],"granted":[470],"multiple":[471,2088,2556],"patents.":[472],"published":[475,534],"papers":[479],"hundreds":[481],"conference":[483],"abstracts.":[484],"Therapeutic":[495],"Radiologic":[496],"Physics.":[497],"Great":[505],"Lakes":[506],"Chapter":[507],"AAPM":[508,514],"committee":[510,3459],"members":[511],"Task":[515],"Groups.":[516],"its":[518,880,1475,1491,1499,1522,1704,2164,2220,2239,2291,2341,2665,2842,3389,3428],"current":[519,1425,1500,2342,2369,3200,3321,3347],"form,":[520],"fulfills":[523],"niche":[525],"role":[526,2146],"radiation":[528,546,631,643,720,850,1591,1962,2533,2771,3146],"While":[530,771,1542],"could":[538,2331,2773,2924,3325],"potentially":[539,2054],"provide":[540,1170,2446,3279],"benefits":[541,843,3041,3281,3436],"approximately":[543,2964],"15%":[544],"cases,6-9":[548],"much":[550,2460,3340],"smaller":[551],"percentage":[552],"patients":[554,863,1549,1560,1879,2624,3098],"actually":[556],"treated":[557,1885],"each":[561],"year.":[562],"Despite":[563],"decades":[564],"technical":[568],"research,":[569],"why":[570,1485,2652],"emerged":[575,2862],"clinically":[578,2814,2865,3186,3235,3271],"dominant":[579,2866,3129],"cases":[583,811,1760,2660,2870],"benefit?":[586],"To":[587],"this":[589,682,855,1015,1028,1117,1480,2337,2524,2585,2724],"question,":[590],"critical":[593,1088,3143],"understand":[595],"provides":[602,1783,2044,3193,3492],"Fundamentally,":[606],"rests":[612],"fact":[615,978],"protons":[617,1068,1332,2478,2571],"finite":[620,995,2508],"range,":[621],"virtually":[622],"eliminating":[623],"significantly":[627,1896],"\"low-dose":[630],"bath\"":[632],"given":[635,2550],"plan.":[637],"This":[638,907,973,3123,3276],"reduction":[639,650,732,1612,1725,2678,2735,2767],"low-dose":[642,849,2770],"bath":[644,2772],"associated":[646,999,1039,1894,1942],"potential":[649,842,882,1138,2293,2828,3040],"secondary":[652,2776],"malignancy":[653,2777],"rates":[654,2778],"young":[656,862,2781],"patients10":[657],"initial":[661,786,2917],"driving":[662,1584],"force":[663,820],"migrate":[665],"laboratory":[670],"into":[672,1965],"environment":[675],"last":[678,1681],"20":[679],"During":[681],"same":[683,2729],"time,":[684],"continued":[688],"evolve":[690],"seen":[693],"numerous":[694],"developments":[696,890,1378],"(intensity-modulated":[697],"[IMRT],":[699],"volumetric":[700,1600],"modulated":[701],"[VMAT],":[704],"image-guided":[705],"[IGRT],":[707],"[ART])":[710],"successfully":[713],"improved":[714,782,845,1110,1598,1660],"conformity":[716,767,783,804,846,1058,1086,1103,1176,1217,1225],"high-dose":[719,766,1057,1085,1175,1216,1734],"bath,":[721],"some":[724,809,853,1063,1947,2659,2690,3189,3238],"circumstances":[725],"(IGRT":[726],"ART),":[728],"allowed":[729],"margins":[734,828,966],"due":[735,992,1951,2502,3168],"reduced":[737,1864],"setup":[738,971],"uncertainties":[739,1038],"ability":[742,833,1446],"account":[744,969],"daily":[746,1041,2487,2541,3230],"anatomical":[747,990,1042,2409,2488],"variations.":[748],"Entire":[749],"paradigms,":[751],"stereotactic":[754,758],"radiosurgery":[755],"(SRS)":[756],"body":[759],"(SBRT),":[761],"now":[763,3260],"reliant":[764],"small":[769],"margins.":[770],"modern":[772,2205],"systems":[779,791,801,1153,1165],"exhibit":[780],"double":[787],"scattering":[788],"systems,":[789,928,1427],"still":[792,1198,3399],"lag":[793],"behind":[794],"state":[795],"art":[798],"acheivable":[803],"SRS":[806],"SBRT":[810],"when":[812,1125,1177,2434],"accounting":[813],"range":[815,997,1243,1711,2251,2470],"uncertainties.11,":[816],"12":[817],"These":[818,1186,1906],"facts":[819],"clinicians":[821,1035],"using":[822,1044],"use":[826,1132,1149],"larger":[827],"give":[830],"up":[831,1341],"perform":[835],"online":[836,904,1459],"capture":[840],"bath.":[851],"cases,":[854,2691],"tradeoff":[856],"reasonable,":[859],"especially":[860,910,1124],"large":[865],"target":[867,964,1677],"volumes.":[868],"However,":[869,1296,1938,2339,2577,3294],"argue":[871,2348,2800],"going":[877],"reach":[879,1337,2554],"full":[881,1400,1476],"modality,":[887],"needed":[892,2065,2836],"eliminate":[894],"tradeoffs.":[896],"First":[897],"foremost,":[899],"better":[903,1373,1934,2262,2974],"imaging":[905,927,952,3138,3156],"systems.":[906],"evident":[911],"years":[914],"blossomed":[919],"onboard":[921],"fan-beam":[922],"CT":[923,943,3182,3369],"(FBCT)":[924],"MR":[926,1007],"only":[933,1720,2640,2697,2946],"recently":[934,1207],"equipped":[936],"commercially":[938],"available":[939,3272],"gantry":[940,3204],"mounted":[941],"cone-beam":[942],"(CBCT).":[944],"The":[945,1262,2024,2189,2359,2397,2916,3137,3199,3376],"lack":[946,2226,2505],"integrated":[948],"high-contrast":[949],"high-resolution":[951],"puts":[953],"inherent":[958],"disadvantage":[959],"respect":[961,2539],"planning":[963,1376,1422,1426,1745,1772,2379,2401,3210,3244,3336],"volume":[965,1250],"required":[967,2521],"uncertainties.":[972,2471],"exacerbated":[975],"sensitive":[985,1074,2462],"patient":[987,2971,3017,3064],"misalignments":[988],"changes":[991,1043,1848,3313],"particle":[996,1384,2949],"steep":[1000],"distal":[1001,1669],"fall-off.":[1003],"Investigators":[1004],"proposed":[1006,1209],"guidance":[1008],"address":[1014],"challenge,13,":[1016],"14":[1017],"reasonable":[1021,2433],"believe":[1023,2694],"magnitude":[1029],"will":[1030,1470,1483,2281,2303,3107,3278,3421],"necessary":[1032,1061],"allow":[1034],"minimize":[1037],"approach.15":[1048],"As":[1049,2941],"outlined":[1050],"introduction,":[1053],"cases.11,":[1064],"12,":[1065],"16":[1066,1136],"Since":[1067],"often":[1070],"used":[1071],"treat":[1073],"areas":[1075],"brain":[1078,1180,1852,3317],"pediatric":[1081,1548,2623],"patients,":[1082,2782,2789],"improving":[1083,1259],"achieve":[1090],"favorable":[1091],"long-term":[1092],"It":[1094,2562],"previously":[1096],"shown":[1098,1168,1335,1703],"lateral":[1101],"PBS":[1105,1656,2626],"size,":[1115],"but":[1116,1726,2441,2647,2692,2726,2832,3131,3417],"difficult":[1120,1364,1430,2564],"task":[1121],"achieve,":[1123],"treating":[1126,1178],"superficial":[1127],"targets":[1128],"requires":[1130,2997],"low-energy":[1134],"beams.12,":[1135],"method":[1139,1213],"reduce":[1141,1575],"effective":[1143,1627,2058],"size":[1145],"through":[1147],"advanced":[1151,1883,3102],"collimation":[1152,1164,1195],"designed":[1154],"specifically":[1155],"therapy.17-21":[1158],"preclinical":[1160],"studies,":[1161],"utilization":[1162],"substantial":[1172,1515,2106],"both":[1179,1666],"head":[1182,2785,3068],"neck":[1184,2787,3070],"cancers.22-24":[1185],"dosimetric":[1187,1401,1706,1796,1954,2143,2246,2419,2886,3390,3432],"advantages":[1188,1707,2280],"far":[1190],"traditional":[1193],"aperture-based":[1194],"approaches25-27":[1196],"yielding":[1199],"robust":[1200,3371],"plans.28":[1202],"Arc":[1203],"geometries":[1204],"alternative":[1212],"improve":[1215,2012,2775],"therapy.29,":[1220],"addition":[1223],"improvements,":[1226],"spreading":[1228],"out":[1229],"entire":[1234],"instead":[1236],"few":[1240,1255],"angles,":[1242],"uncertainty":[1244,3286],"distributed":[1246],"greater":[1249,2292],"rather":[1251],"limited":[1256,1410],"directions,":[1257],"thereby":[1258],"plan":[1260,1449,1753,2263,2887],"robustness.31":[1261],"final":[1263],"warrants":[1266],"discussion":[1267],"accurate":[1270],"determination":[1271],"relative":[1273],"biological":[1274,1360,1370,2601,2633],"effectiveness":[1275],"(RBE).":[1276],"Currently,":[1277,2671],"RBE":[1279,1325,1339,1354,1391,1414,3285,3343],"assumed":[1285],"1.1,":[1288],"regardless":[1289],"energy":[1292,1309,1386],"tissue":[1294,1663,1853,3060],"type.":[1295],"characteristics":[1300,2247],"Bragg":[1303,1346],"peak":[1304,1347],"increased":[1307,1980],"linear":[1308,1385],"transfer":[1310,1387],"end":[1313,1670,1674],"track,":[1317],"universally":[1320],"known":[1321],"true":[1324],"constant.":[1329],"fact,":[1331,1570],"3":[1343],"via":[1348],"vitro":[1350],"studies.32,":[1351],"33":[1352],"Unfortunately,":[1353,2977],"depends":[1355],"complex":[1357],"physical":[1358,3329],"responses":[1361],"accurately":[1366,3331],"calculate.":[1367],"Once":[1368],"effects":[1371,2602,2634],"understood,":[1374],"simultaneously":[1380],"optimize":[1381,3326],"placement":[1382],"(LET)":[1388],"along":[1389],"hold":[1394,2498],"key":[1396,2500],"unlocking":[1398],"therapy.34":[1405],"meantime,":[1408],"our":[1409,1416,1445,2672,2898,2906],"understanding":[1411],"limits":[1415,1444],"options":[1417],"perspective.":[1423],"With":[1424,2138,2543,3319],"ascertain":[1432],"where":[1433,2495,2664,2953],"high-LET":[1434],"particles":[1435],"expected":[1437,3268],"patient,":[1440],"turn":[1443],"assess":[1448],"quality":[1450,1754,2888],"response.":[1452],"summary,":[1454,2223,3346],"without":[1455,3337],"imaging,":[1460,1601],"collimation,":[1461],"delivery,":[1463],"RBE-based":[1465],"planning,":[1467],"fall":[1471],"short":[1472],"achieving":[1474],"potential.":[1478],"debate,":[1481],"explain":[1484],"already":[1489],"fulfilled":[1490],"view.":[1508],"First,":[1509],"demonstrated":[1513,2238],"utilizing":[1521,1919,3002,3212],"unique":[1523],"characteristic,":[1524],"Peak.\"":[1526],"More":[1527,1736],"specifically,":[1528],"integral":[1530,1610,1723,2259,2375,2680,2695,2708,2737,3394],"about":[1535,2947,3341],"60%":[1536],"lower":[1537],"technique.35":[1541],"appears":[1544],"most":[1545,2753],"cost-effective":[1546],"maximizing":[1550],"gain,":[1553],"essential":[1557],"adult":[1559,1878],"minimizing":[1562],"any":[1566,2198],"healthy":[1567,1579,1851,1967],"tissue.36":[1568],"motivation":[1572],"patient's":[1578],"organs":[1580],"factor":[1585],"innovations":[1588],"oncology":[1592],"community":[1593],"including":[1594,1636,3246],"higher":[1595,1809,2295],"conformality,":[1597],"on-board":[1599],"management":[1603],"devices,":[1604],"etc.37-40":[1605],"Thus,":[1606],"capability":[1608],"itself":[1613],"modality.":[1620,2338,2849,2915],"Such":[1621,2279,2428,2526,3082,3219],"offers":[1623],"curative":[1628],"reirradiation":[1629],"strategy":[1630],"varieties":[1632,2242,3118],"disease":[1634,1949,2253,2557,3051],"sites":[1635,1950],"recurrence":[1637],"head\u2013neck":[1639],"cancer,":[1640],"chordoma,":[1641],"non-small":[1642],"cell":[1643],"lung":[1644,1768,2794],"cancer":[1645,1884,1977,2001,2068,2788,2795,2966,3071,3097],"(NSCLC),":[1646],"breast":[1648],"cancer.41-44":[1649],"IMPT,":[1652],"technique,45":[1657],"normal":[1662,3059,3316],"sparing":[1665],"proximal":[1673],"volume.":[1678],"decade,":[1682],"vast":[1684],"majority":[1685],"new":[1688,3155],"institutions":[1690,3239],"worldwide":[1691],"adopted":[1693],"IMPT":[1694,1748,1788,3322],"routine":[1696],"practice.46":[1698],"Numerous":[1699,2170],"publications":[1701],"significant":[1705],"wide":[1710],"indications":[1714],"medium-":[1732],"conformality.47-55":[1735],"interestingly,":[1737],"results":[1739],"ProKnow":[1741],"(Elekta,":[1742],"Stockholm,":[1743],"Sweden)":[1744],"competitions":[1746],"showed":[1747,1827,1889,1979,3298],"plans":[1749,2485],"dominated":[1750],"top":[1752,2933],"scores":[1755],"challenging":[1759,1948],"GYN(2018),":[1763],"Liver":[1764],"SBRT(2020),":[1765],"advanced-stage":[1767],"cancer(2021).":[1769],"Though":[1770,3009],"exercises":[1773],"depend":[1774],"planners'":[1777],"skills,":[1778],"availability,":[1779],"experience,":[1781],"strong":[1784],"support":[1785],"'s":[1789],"technique.56":[1793],"Furthermore,":[1794],"increases":[1798],"tolerance":[1800],"chemotherapeutic":[1802],"agents":[1803],"toxicity":[1806,1915,2126],"permitting":[1808],"drug":[1810],"doses":[1811],"A":[1815,1872,2472],"II":[1817],"study":[1818,1974,2815],"concurrent":[1820,1887,1920,2274],"chemotherapy":[1821],"unresectable":[1823],"stage":[1824,2033],"NSCLC":[1826,2098],"promising":[1828,2326,2758,2817],"outcomes":[1830,2688],"rate":[1832,2131],"toxic":[1834,2022],"effect":[1835],"historical":[1838],"data.57":[1841],"When":[1842],"studying":[1843],"structural":[1845],"hemodynamic":[1847],"contralateral":[1850],"following":[1854],"radiochemotherapy,":[1858],"Petr":[1859],"et":[1860,2080,2112],"al.":[1861,2081,2113],"reported":[1862,2114],"brain-volume":[1865],"loss":[1866],"group.58":[1871],"analysis":[1875],"1483":[1877],"nonmetastatic,":[1881],"locally":[1882],"chemoradiotherapy":[1888,1892],"less":[1897,2258,2714,3393],"acute":[1898,1981],"adverse":[1899],"events,":[1900],"example,":[1902,1970,2270,2453,3308],"90-day":[1903],"unplanned":[1904],"hospitalizations.59":[1905],"emerging":[1907,3296],"filled":[1910],"immediate":[1912,2266],"side-effect":[1917],"mitigation":[1918],"chemo-RT":[1921],"cannot":[1925],"offer.":[1926],"Dose-escalation":[1927],"strategies":[1928,2152],"generally":[1930],"considered":[1931],"offer":[1933],"local":[1935,2129],"tumor":[1936],"control.":[1937],"sometimes":[1941],"side-effects":[1945],"limitation":[1955],"spills":[1964],"tissue.":[1968],"For":[1969,2452],"prostate":[1976,2000],"bowel":[1982],"bladder":[1984],"reaction":[1985],"well":[1987],"late":[1989,2021],"rectal":[1990,3309],"side-effects.60":[1991],"RTOG":[1992,2036],"0126,":[1993],"trial":[1997,2030,2077],"intermediate-risk":[1999],"(1532":[2002],"patients),":[2003],"concluded":[2004,2038],"escalation":[2009,2043,2120],"did":[2010],"overall":[2013,2048,3425],"survival,":[2014,2049],"high":[2016,2128,2393,2936],"resulted":[2018,2123],"effects.61":[2023],"result":[2025],"inoperable":[2032],"NSCLC,":[2035],"0617,":[2037],"harmful.62":[2055],"Therefore,":[2056],"techniques":[2062,3157],"urgently":[2064],"patients.":[2069],"contrast":[2071],"results,":[2078],"Gomez":[2079],"summarized":[2082],"experience":[2086],"institutions.":[2089],"They":[2090,2825],"found":[2091,3034],"hypofractionated":[2093],"dose-escalated":[2094],"feasible,":[2100],"early-stage":[2108],"disease.63":[2109],"Chan":[2111],"their":[2115],"preliminary":[2116],"finding":[2117],"low":[2125],"control":[2130],"high-grade":[2136],"meningiomas.64":[2137],"distribution,":[2144],"dose-escalation":[2151,2385],"gradually":[2155],"evident.":[2157],"Most":[2158],"importantly,":[2159],"entered":[2163],"golden":[2165],"stages":[2166],"development.":[2169],"novel":[2171],"concepts":[2172],"delivery":[2175,2216],"under":[2178,3261],"investigation":[2179],"dynamic":[2182],"system21":[2184],"spot-scanning":[2186],"therapy.29":[2188],"future":[2190,2288,2315],"brighter":[2196],"time":[2200,2730],"era":[2203],"radiotherapy.":[2206],"hand,":[2210],"technique":[2217,3277,3407],"reached":[2219],"ceiling.":[2221],"despite":[2224],"1":[2229],"evidence,":[2231],"existing":[2233],"aspects:":[2244],"(1)":[2245],"broad":[2250],"sites,":[2254,2558],"example":[2256,2516,3093],"(1a)":[2257],"dose;":[2260],"(1b)":[2261],"quality;":[2264],"(2)":[2265],"needs,":[2268],"(2a)":[2271],"reirradiation;":[2272],"(2b)":[2273],"chemo-RT;":[2275],"(2c)":[2276],"escalation.":[2278],"prominent":[2284],"near":[2287],"because":[2289,2880],"ceiling":[2296],"therapy.65":[2301],"start":[2304],"my":[2305,2875],"rebuttal":[2306],"stating":[2308],"agree":[2311,2722,3149],"Ding\u2014the":[2314],"exceptionally":[2320],"bright":[2321],"many":[2325,3050],"avenues":[2327],"substantially":[2332],"increase":[2333],"relevance":[2335],"state,":[2343],"hard":[2346],"need":[2351,2596,2809,3100],"main":[2360],"uses":[2365],"demonstrate":[2367,2590,2745,2804],"includes":[2374],"reduction,":[2377],"studies/competitions,":[2380],"variety":[2383],"trials,":[2387],"none":[2388],"represent":[2391],"evidence.":[2396],"issue":[2398],"studies":[2402,2430,2580,2759],"they":[2405,2589],"assume":[2406],"single":[2408],"image":[2410],"reference":[2412],"anatomy,":[2413],"usually":[2414],"concluding":[2415],"specific":[2418],"criterion":[2420],"case":[2425,2764],"another.":[2427],"theoretical":[2429],"intramodality":[2436],"(i.e.,":[2437],"photons":[2438,2476,2573],"photons),":[2440],"largely":[2443],"inadequate":[2444],"direct":[2447,2568,3224],"intermodality":[2448],"comparisons":[2449,2549],"practice.":[2451],"know":[2455],"pathlength":[2467],"differences":[2468],"fair":[2473],"comparison":[2474],"between":[2475,2570],"must":[2479,2731],"consider":[2480],"variations":[2489],"intrafraction":[2491],"motion,":[2492],"area":[2494],"photon-based":[2496],"range.":[2509],"Ultimately,":[2510],"overcome":[2523],"challenge.":[2525],"ensure":[2530],"placed":[2536],"appropriately":[2537],"anatomy.":[2542],"regards":[2544],"escalation,":[2547],"across":[2555],"stages,":[2559],"modalities.":[2561],"conclude":[2566,2732],"correlation":[2569],"studies.":[2576],"indeed":[2582,3288],"applicable":[2583],"type":[2586],"comparison,":[2588],"minimum":[2594],"knowledge":[2598],"regarding":[2599],"Without":[2606],"knowledge,":[2608],"unintended":[2612],"consequences,":[2613],"brainstem":[2616],"toxicities,":[2617],"observed":[2621],"receiving":[2625],"therapy.66":[2628],"Further":[2629],"surrounding":[2631],"help":[2641],"us":[2642],"avoid":[2643],"negative":[2645],"side-effects,":[2646],"begin":[2649],"reveal":[2651],"beneficial":[2657],"scenarios":[2663],"application":[2666],"pays":[2667],"greatest":[2669],"dividends.":[2670],"best":[2673],"guess":[2674],"responsible":[2683],"tells":[2698],"part":[2699,3144],"story.":[2702],"Lastly,":[2703],"states":[2706],"contemporary":[2718],"techniques.":[2720],"statement,":[2725],"alone":[2739],"unequivocally":[2744],"cases.":[2754],"certainly":[2757],"make":[2761],"compelling":[2763],"meaningfully":[2774],"very":[2780],"xerostomia":[2783],"cardiac":[2791],"injury":[2792],"treatment.10,":[2796],"54,":[2797],"67":[2798],"investigations":[2803,3112],"importance":[2806],"technically":[2811],"develop":[2812,3403],"field":[2818],"community.":[2824],"exemplify":[2826],"work":[2834],"raised":[2853],"excellent":[2855,3088],"question:":[2856],"\"Why":[2857],"benefit?\"":[2873],"opinion,":[2876],"limitations":[2883],"technology.":[2890],"Instead,":[2891],"investment":[2893,2918],"cost":[2894,2925,3045,3171],"accessibility":[2896],"communities":[2899],"factors":[2904],"limiting":[2905],"patients'":[2907],"chance":[2908],"choose":[2910],"center":[2923],"$20":[2927],"million":[2928,2931],"$200":[2930],"operation":[2937],"maintenance":[2939],"cost.68":[2940],"result,":[2943],"90":[2948],"centers":[2951,2967],"worldwide,":[2952],"40":[2954],"them":[2956],"located":[2958],"US":[2961],"1500":[2965],"nationally.69,":[2968],"70":[2969],"Every":[2970],"deserves":[2972],"option.":[2976],"even":[2978],"24-h":[2980],"shifts":[2981],"PTCs,":[2985],"way":[2989],"meet":[2991],"demands.":[2994],"Sometimes":[2995],"justification":[2999],"cost-effectiveness":[3001],"precious":[3005],"medical":[3006],"resource.71,":[3007],"72":[3008],"scale":[3011],"financial":[3013],"population,":[3018],"healthcare":[3020],"system,":[3021,3416],"society":[3023],"vary":[3025],"among":[3026],"countries":[3028,3110],"policies,73-77":[3030],"thing":[3032],"common":[3036],"terms":[3043],"quality-adjusted":[3047],"life-years":[3048],"sites.72,":[3052],"76":[3053],"Excluding":[3054],"economic":[3056],"factors,":[3057],"complication":[3061],"probability":[3062],"model-based":[3063],"selection":[3065],"implemented":[3073,3187,3236],"Netherlands":[3076],"Indication":[3080],"Protocol.78":[3081],"protocol":[3084],"starting":[3089],"serving":[3095],"worldwide.":[3105],"We":[3106],"join":[3114],"direction":[3116],"indications.79,":[3121],"80":[3122],"\"clinically":[3128],"modality\"":[3130],"comparison.":[3136],"integrating":[3154,3414],"relatively":[3163],"slower":[3164],"engineering":[3173],"challenges.":[3174,3293],"FBCT":[3175],"always":[3177],"nice":[3178],"have.":[3180],"Today,":[3181],"on-rail":[3183],"institutions,":[3191],"valuable":[3194],"information":[3195],"therapy.81":[3198],"CBCT":[3201,3217,3367],"sufficient":[3207],"decisions":[3211],"artificial":[3214],"intelligence-based":[3215],"synthetic":[3216],"approach.":[3218],"platform":[3221],"allows":[3222],"calculation":[3227],"CBCT,82":[3231],"assist":[3241],"decision":[3245],"center.83":[3250],"MR-guided":[3251,3415],"exciting":[3256],"topic":[3257],"active":[3262],"5\u201310":[3274],"years.13":[3275],"additional":[3280],"LET":[3300,3374],"correlated":[3302],"endpoint,":[3306],"bleeding84":[3310],"MRI":[3312],"tissue.85":[3318],"parameter":[3330],"directly":[3333],"worrying":[3338],"too":[3339],"uncertainties.86":[3344],"tools":[3350],"sufficiently":[3355],"addressed":[3356],"outstanding":[3358],"issues":[3359],"on-rail,":[3370],"optimization/evaluation,87":[3372],"optimization/evaluation.":[3375],"growing":[3380],"favor":[3382],"translated":[3387],"dose.":[3395],"Admittedly,":[3396],"opportunities":[3400],"sharping":[3409],"fall-off":[3412],"incremental":[3419],"affect":[3423],"picture":[3426],"today.":[3439],"honorarium":[3443],"funding":[3446],"Ion":[3448,3486],"Beam":[3449,3487],"Application":[3450],"S.A.":[3451],"(Louvain-la-Neuve,":[3452,3489],"Belgium).":[3453,3475],"member":[3460],"MecaTech":[3463],"ArcPT":[3464],"project":[3465],"consortium":[3466,3472],"(Wallonia":[3467],"region,":[3468],"Belgium)":[3469,3490],"DynamicARC\u00ae":[3471],"(IBA,":[3473],"Louvain-la-Neuve,":[3474],"beneficiary":[3480],"intellectual":[3482],"property":[3483],"licensed":[3484],"Applications":[3488],"consulting":[3493]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}