{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208670610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","title":"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0637\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064e\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u06a9 (1908-1909)","display_name":"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0637\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064e\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u06a9 (1908-1909)","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208670610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","mag":"3208670610"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33899/radab.2021.169785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","pdf_url":"https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_169785_a4f21eae5c19a4a99bf44c34afac43cf.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174715","display_name":"\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u06cc\u0646","issn_l":"0378-2867","issn":["0378-2867","2664-2506"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362726136","host_organization_name":"University of Mosul","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362726136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Mosul"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u06cc\u0646","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W3208670610"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_169785_a4f21eae5c19a4a99bf44c34afac43cf.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012976244","display_name":"\u0646\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u06cc\u0632","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6033180","display_name":"University of Duhok","ror":"https://ror.org/02g07ds81","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0646\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u06cc\u0632","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u06a9"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u06a9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000035695","display_name":"\u0625\u0650\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0625\u0650\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6033180","display_name":"University of Duhok","ror":"https://ror.org/02g07ds81","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0625\u0650\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u06cc\u062f \u0625\u0650\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u06a9"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u06a9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"],"apc_list":{"value":100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":100},"apc_paid":{"value":100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":100},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"86.1","first_page":"281","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12437","display_name":"Balkans: History, Politics, Society","score":0.7997999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12437","display_name":"Balkans: History, Politics, Society","score":0.7997999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14032","display_name":"History and International Relations","score":0.12129999697208405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14008","display_name":"Balkan and Eastern European Studies","score":0.03280000016093254,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bosnian-crisis","display_name":"Bosnian Crisis","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-foreign-policy","display_name":"British foreign policy","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eastern-question","display_name":"Eastern Question","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ottoman-empire","display_name":"Ottoman Empire","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/austria-hungary","display_name":"Austria-Hungary","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balkans","display_name":"Balkans","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance-of-power","display_name":"balance of power","score":0.765999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.31323862075805664}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33899/radab.2021.169785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","pdf_url":"https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_169785_a4f21eae5c19a4a99bf44c34afac43cf.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174715","display_name":"\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u06cc\u0646","issn_l":"0378-2867","issn":["0378-2867","2664-2506"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362726136","host_organization_name":"University of Mosul","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362726136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Mosul"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u06cc\u0646","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:03271001a6604d1d84ec7909f2e3e81c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/03271001a6604d1d84ec7909f2e3e81c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646, Vol 51, Iss 86.1, Pp 235-288 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33899/radab.2021.169785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2021.169785","pdf_url":"https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_169785_a4f21eae5c19a4a99bf44c34afac43cf.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174715","display_name":"\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u06cc\u0646","issn_l":"0378-2867","issn":["0378-2867","2664-2506"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362726136","host_organization_name":"University of Mosul","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362726136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Mosul"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u06cc\u0646","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208670610.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208670610.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975235044","https://openalex.org/W2060237873","https://openalex.org/W2494817996","https://openalex.org/W2513541334"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3091391494","https://openalex.org/W590436141","https://openalex.org/W2943691405","https://openalex.org/W585441062","https://openalex.org/W3083548825","https://openalex.org/W6905620438","https://openalex.org/W3209640444","https://openalex.org/W7037468276","https://openalex.org/W3077755604"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0634\u06a9\u0651\u064e\u0644\u062a":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u06cc\u0629":[2],"\u0623\u064e\u0632\u0645\u0629":[3],"\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0629":[4],"\u06a9\u0628\u0631\u0649":[5,32],"\u0641\u06cc":[6,23,57,62,74,79,103,113,116],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u0629":[7],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0629\u060c":[8],"\u0641\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u06a9":[9],"\u0631\u062c\u0644":[10],"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0636":[12],"(\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[13],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629)":[14],"\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629":[15],"\u0625\u0650\u0644\u0649":[16],"\u0645\u0646":[17,42],"\u06cc\u062d\u062f\u062f":[18],"\u0645\u0635\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c":[19],"\u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06a9":[20],"\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627":[21],"\u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628":[22],"\u0646\u06cc\u0644":[24],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c":[25],"\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644":[26],"\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629":[27],"\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u061b":[28],"\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e":[29],"\u062a\u06a9\u0648\u0646":[30],"\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[31],"\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0627":[33],"\u0635\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u060c":[34],"\u0648\u0623\u064f\u062e\u0631\u0649":[35],"\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u062f":[36],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639":[37],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[38,81,105,121],"\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627":[39],"\u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639":[40],"\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627\u064b":[41],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0636\u06cc":[43],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629\u060c":[44],"\u06a9\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0629":[45],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627":[46],"-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631":[47],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc":[48],"\u0636\u0645\u062a":[49],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629":[50,70],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u06a9\u060c":[51],"\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627":[52],"\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062b\u0629":[53],"\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u06a9":[54],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[55,107,124],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629":[56,125],"\u0623\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u060c":[58],"\u0623\u0648":[59,120],"\u0631\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0627":[60,102],"\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627":[61],"\u062a\u0648\u062d\u06cc\u062f":[63],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641":[64],"\u062a\u062d\u062a":[65],"\u0633\u06cc\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627.":[66],"\u0645\u0645\u0627":[67],"\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a":[68],"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629":[69],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u06a9":[71],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0629":[72],"\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629":[73],"\u062a\u0644\u06a9":[75,93,129],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0629\u061b":[76],"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627":[77],"\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627":[78],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631":[80],"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649":[83],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06cc":[84],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u06cc":[85],"\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0647":[86],"\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631":[87],"\u0628\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u0646":[88,119],"\u0639\u0627\u0645":[89],"1878\u060c":[90],"\u0625\u0630":[91],"\u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0632\u062a":[92],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629":[94,130],"\u0628\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u06a9":[95],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a":[96],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c":[97],"\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627":[98],"\u0645\u0639":[99],"\u0627\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u062f":[100],"\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f":[101],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0637\u0631\u0629":[104],"\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u06a9\u0627\u062a":[106],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629\u060c":[108],"\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b":[109],"\u0639\u0646":[110],"\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d":[111],"\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0637\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627":[112],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c":[114],"\u0648\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627":[115],"\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621":[117],"\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u0629":[118],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644":[122],"\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0629":[123],"\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0647\u0627":[126],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u06cc":[127],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[128],".":[131]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}
