{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207908759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","title":"Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","display_name":"Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207908759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","mag":"3207908759","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34682718","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8535574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijerph182010973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10973/pdf?version=1634888503","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15239247","display_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","issn_l":"1660-4601","issn":["1660-4601","1661-7827"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","medline","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10973/pdf?version=1634888503","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001047577","display_name":"Leizi Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6015-4904","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6015-4904"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leizi Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6015-4904","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026220789","display_name":"Dizhi Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dizhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053023156","display_name":"Yanwei You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8367-4980","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8367-4980"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanwei You","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8367-4980","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006792018","display_name":"Yingyao Fu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingyao Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729721","display_name":"Xindong Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-2176","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-2176"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xindong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Sport Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100729721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2484},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2484},"fwci":0.6554,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59310345,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"20","first_page":"10973","last_page":"10973"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-intensity-interval-training","display_name":"high-intensity interval training","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-quality","display_name":"sleep quality","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-efficiency","display_name":"sleep efficiency","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pittsburgh-sleep-quality-index","display_name":"Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-intervention","display_name":"exercise intervention","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-duration","display_name":"sleep duration","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-frequency-and-duration","display_name":"exercise frequency and duration","score":0.5410000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.8048499822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781444488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2756206","display_name":"High-intensity interval training","level":2,"score":0.6911088228225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.490683913230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45664992928504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.4533904194831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.4461365044116974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4220235049724579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.36794760823249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.2851695716381073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.24158671498298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22185176610946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13927876949310303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08091649413108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072696","descriptor_name":"High-Intensity Interval Training","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijerph182010973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10973/pdf?version=1634888503","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15239247","display_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","issn_l":"1660-4601","issn":["1660-4601","1661-7827"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","medline","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8535574","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8535574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34682718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34682718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of environmental research and public health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10973-:d:659618","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10973/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aa5c467716684720bb98162a64d7d9ce","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aa5c467716684720bb98162a64d7d9ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 10973, p 10973 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijerph182010973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010973","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10973/pdf?version=1634888503","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15239247","display_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","issn_l":"1660-4601","issn":["1660-4601","1661-7827"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","medline","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2876271347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16BTY065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4475063393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16BTY065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327557","funder_display_name":"National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327557","display_name":"National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04m0ms912"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207908759.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207908759.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W600198560","https://openalex.org/W1578168337","https://openalex.org/W1598602811","https://openalex.org/W1603536758","https://openalex.org/W1880379006","https://openalex.org/W1965059243","https://openalex.org/W1967890944","https://openalex.org/W1974479479","https://openalex.org/W1993825639","https://openalex.org/W2019685634","https://openalex.org/W2033585778","https://openalex.org/W2055057467","https://openalex.org/W2109792084","https://openalex.org/W2111704340","https://openalex.org/W2116887097","https://openalex.org/W2125435699","https://openalex.org/W2151487996","https://openalex.org/W2291577162","https://openalex.org/W2373890735","https://openalex.org/W2534195460","https://openalex.org/W2586541897","https://openalex.org/W2742867838","https://openalex.org/W2768934510","https://openalex.org/W2797338456","https://openalex.org/W2804387639","https://openalex.org/W2884497423","https://openalex.org/W2897850942","https://openalex.org/W2921635875","https://openalex.org/W2963257115","https://openalex.org/W2963544872","https://openalex.org/W2963616034","https://openalex.org/W2997597417","https://openalex.org/W3003727302","https://openalex.org/W3005236600","https://openalex.org/W3008026811","https://openalex.org/W3008234346","https://openalex.org/W3021478935","https://openalex.org/W3021538452","https://openalex.org/W3040671019","https://openalex.org/W3043895140","https://openalex.org/W3080410173","https://openalex.org/W3080909557","https://openalex.org/W3081596182","https://openalex.org/W3082193130","https://openalex.org/W3087299439","https://openalex.org/W3093561860","https://openalex.org/W3103587204","https://openalex.org/W3173761420","https://openalex.org/W3181318076","https://openalex.org/W3190093460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2619719281","https://openalex.org/W3003727302","https://openalex.org/W3093561860","https://openalex.org/W7127653975","https://openalex.org/W4409999355","https://openalex.org/W4390929395","https://openalex.org/W7131378611","https://openalex.org/W3165185220","https://openalex.org/W3129022415","https://openalex.org/W7119978526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objectives:":[0],"To":[1],"use":[2],"a":[3,51,144,197],"quantitative":[4],"approach":[5],"to":[6,45,103,200],"examine":[7,104],"the":[8,32,56,75,79,105,124,179,187,190],"effects":[9,57,106],"of":[10,24,29,58,70,85,107,189],"high-intensity":[11],"interval":[12],"training":[13],"(HIIT)":[14],"interventions":[15,60],"on":[16,61,148],"sleep":[17,62,119,149],"for":[18,82],"adults.":[19],"Methods:":[20],"PubMed,":[21],"Ebsco,":[22],"Web":[23],"Science,":[25],"Cochrane":[26,80],"Central":[27],"Register":[28],"Controlled":[30],"Trials,":[31],"China":[33],"National":[34],"Knowledge":[35],"Infrastructure,":[36],"and":[37,96,110,143,182,205],"Wanfang":[38],"Data":[39],"were":[40,63,101,164,176],"searched":[41],"from":[42],"their":[43],"inception":[44],"December":[46],"2020.":[47],"Intervention":[48],"studies":[49],"with":[50],"control":[52],"group":[53],"that":[54,174],"examined":[55],"HIIT":[59,167,191,194],"included":[64],"in":[65,118],"this":[66],"meta-analysis.":[67],"The":[68],"risk":[69],"bias":[71],"was":[72],"assessed":[73],"using":[74],"tool":[76],"provided":[77],"by":[78,123,178],"Handbook":[81],"Systematic":[83],"Reviews":[84],"Interventions.":[86],"Effect":[87],"sizes":[88],"(ESs),":[89],"calculated":[90],"as":[91,184,186],"weighted":[92],"mean":[93,98],"difference":[94,99],"(WMD)":[95],"standardized":[97],"(SMD),":[100],"used":[102],"objective":[108,206],"outcomes":[109,112],"subjective":[111,203],"separately.":[113],"Results:":[114],"A":[115],"large":[116],"increase":[117],"quality":[120],"(SQ)":[121],"reflected":[122],"Pittsburgh":[125],"Sleep":[126],"Quality":[127],"Index":[128],"global":[129],"scores":[130],"[WMD":[131],"=":[132,138,141,153,159,162],"\u22120.90,":[133],"95%CI":[134,155],"(\u22121.72,":[135],"\u22120.07),":[136],"p":[137,158],"0.03,":[139],"n":[140,161],"8]":[142],"small-to-medium":[145],"favorable":[146],"effect":[147],"efficiency":[150],"(SE)":[151],"[SMD":[152],"0.43,":[154],"(0.20,":[156],"0.65),":[157],"0.0002,":[160],"10]":[163],"found":[165],"after":[166],"intervention.":[168,192],"In":[169],"addition,":[170],"sub-analyses":[171],"results":[172],"suggest":[173],"ESs":[175],"moderated":[177],"type,":[180],"duration":[181],"frequency,":[183],"well":[185],"length":[188],"Conclusions:":[193],"may":[195],"be":[196],"promising":[198],"way":[199],"improve":[201],"overall":[202],"SQ":[204],"SE.":[207],"PROSPERO,":[208],"protocol":[209],"registration":[210],"number:":[211],"CRD42021241734.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}
