{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207743968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcab023","title":"Middle power hedging in the era of security/economic disconnect: Australia, Japan, and the \u2018Special Strategic Partnership\u2019","display_name":"Middle power hedging in the era of security/economic disconnect: Australia, Japan, and the \u2018Special Strategic Partnership\u2019","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207743968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcab023","mag":"3207743968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/irap/lcab023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcab023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcab023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25086279","display_name":"International Relations of the Asia-Pacific","issn_l":"1470-482X","issn":["1470-482X","1470-4838"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Relations of the Asia-Pacific","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009507433","display_name":"Thomas Stow Wilkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9805-8950","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9805-8950"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Wilkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Government and Internal Relations, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia *"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Government and Internal Relations, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia *","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009507433"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":{"value":3366,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3366},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.9468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99128454,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"93","last_page":"127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14443","display_name":"COVID-19, Geopolitics, Technology, Migration","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13352","display_name":"International Relations in Latin America","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-china-rivalry","display_name":"US-China rivalry","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-partnership","display_name":"strategic partnership","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-powers","display_name":"secondary powers","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indo-pacific","display_name":"Indo-Pacific","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-uncertainty","display_name":"systemic uncertainty","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-risk","display_name":"strategic risk","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780219775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1489259","display_name":"Superpower","level":3,"score":0.8670034408569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2901966","display_name":"Rivalry","level":2,"score":0.7984591722488403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.7393595576286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5750989317893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71750763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646164","display_name":"General partnership","level":2,"score":0.5719050765037537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992870269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7621850","display_name":"Strategic partnership","level":2,"score":0.5030462145805359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.49486225843429565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.4881671071052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778676447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185145","display_name":"Great power","level":3,"score":0.4190109968185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41284823417663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3950749337673187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.38146618008613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12203806638717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.10871264338493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.08622574806213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/irap/lcab023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcab023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcab023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25086279","display_name":"International Relations of the Asia-Pacific","issn_l":"1470-482X","issn":["1470-482X","1470-4838"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Relations of the Asia-Pacific","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1117648869","https://openalex.org/W1489242940","https://openalex.org/W1566237806","https://openalex.org/W1906220207","https://openalex.org/W1969912266","https://openalex.org/W1986059154","https://openalex.org/W1992519263","https://openalex.org/W1992870315","https://openalex.org/W2005307637","https://openalex.org/W2007930193","https://openalex.org/W2026645508","https://openalex.org/W2032804808","https://openalex.org/W2041375645","https://openalex.org/W2050863513","https://openalex.org/W2054335601","https://openalex.org/W2057415698","https://openalex.org/W2075097802","https://openalex.org/W2090502816","https://openalex.org/W2113962503","https://openalex.org/W2129652295","https://openalex.org/W2144781240","https://openalex.org/W2172928109","https://openalex.org/W2206103673","https://openalex.org/W2222625473","https://openalex.org/W2235998998","https://openalex.org/W2237997419","https://openalex.org/W2258802274","https://openalex.org/W2296677861","https://openalex.org/W2316189000","https://openalex.org/W2519464044","https://openalex.org/W2553885330","https://openalex.org/W2562302418","https://openalex.org/W2574024151","https://openalex.org/W2605452010","https://openalex.org/W2622384553","https://openalex.org/W2741777125","https://openalex.org/W2743747507","https://openalex.org/W2771388433","https://openalex.org/W2777624248","https://openalex.org/W2790204944","https://openalex.org/W2797899967","https://openalex.org/W2808865363","https://openalex.org/W2808901832","https://openalex.org/W2900597430","https://openalex.org/W2904156653","https://openalex.org/W2930407921","https://openalex.org/W2945747272","https://openalex.org/W2946035815","https://openalex.org/W2951557909","https://openalex.org/W2953159954","https://openalex.org/W2966564358","https://openalex.org/W2971624628","https://openalex.org/W2979542551","https://openalex.org/W2982402193","https://openalex.org/W2997675701","https://openalex.org/W3003202156","https://openalex.org/W3008759944","https://openalex.org/W3012410579","https://openalex.org/W3030015434","https://openalex.org/W3031961803","https://openalex.org/W3034012598","https://openalex.org/W3039547665","https://openalex.org/W3039853471","https://openalex.org/W3083633719","https://openalex.org/W3091597255","https://openalex.org/W3116623791","https://openalex.org/W3132609045","https://openalex.org/W3134237815","https://openalex.org/W3177322948","https://openalex.org/W4230465938","https://openalex.org/W4234819760","https://openalex.org/W4255643424","https://openalex.org/W4389158690","https://openalex.org/W4398211634","https://openalex.org/W6774776919","https://openalex.org/W6790966303"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3049289091","https://openalex.org/W2206103673","https://openalex.org/W2966564358","https://openalex.org/W4255601915","https://openalex.org/W4390881848","https://openalex.org/W7221710697","https://openalex.org/W4242326018","https://openalex.org/W7117214803","https://openalex.org/W2765858203","https://openalex.org/W1117648869"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Deeping":[1],"superpower":[2,41],"rivalry":[3],"between":[4],"the":[5,19,40,78,84,107,110,155],"United":[6],"States":[7],"and":[8,24,34,62,112,130,158],"China":[9],"has":[10],"created":[11],"acute":[12],"strategic":[13,148,152],"dilemmas":[14],"for":[15],"secondary":[16],"powers":[17],"in":[18,87],"Indo-Pacific":[20],"such":[21],"as":[22],"Australia":[23,111],"Japan.":[25],"This":[26,141],"predicament":[27],"is":[28,121],"exacerbated":[29],"by":[30],"their":[31,117],"divergent":[32],"security":[33],"economic":[35],"interests":[36],"which":[37,120,135],"cut":[38],"across":[39,154],"divide;":[42],"a":[43,46,81,97],"condition":[44],"dubbed":[45],"\u2018security/economic":[47],"disconnect\u2019.":[48],"These":[49],"two":[50],"intimately":[51],"related":[52],"dynamics":[53],"preclude":[54],"clear-cut":[55],"implementation":[56],"of":[57,83,100,109,124],"conventional":[58],"balancing/bandwagoning":[59],"alignment":[60,101],"choices":[61],"have":[63],"led":[64],"to":[65,69,106,116,127,136],"mixed":[66],"hedging":[67,85,125,139],"strategies":[68],"cope":[70],"with":[71,114],"this":[72,105],"situation.":[73],"To":[74],"address":[75],"these":[76],"issues,":[77],"article":[79],"presents":[80],"refinement":[82],"concept":[86],"International":[88],"Relations":[89],"(IR)":[90],"that":[91],"emphasizes":[92],"its":[93],"multi-dimensional":[94],"nature,":[95],"within":[96],"broader":[98],"interpretation":[99],"itself.":[102],"It":[103],"applies":[104],"case":[108],"Japan":[113],"reference":[115],"Strategic":[118],"Partnership,":[119],"both":[122],"emblematic":[123],"responses":[126],"systemic":[128],"uncertainty,":[129],"an":[131],"institutional":[132],"mechanism":[133],"through":[134],"operationalize":[137],"joint":[138],"policies.":[140],"provides":[142],"insights":[143],"into":[144],"how":[145],"middle":[146],"power":[147],"partnerships":[149],"are":[150],"managing":[151],"risks":[153],"security,":[156],"economic,":[157],"other,":[159],"domains.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}
