{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207308421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","title":"A Review on Ion-Exchange Membrane Fouling during the Electrodialysis Process in the Food Industry, Part 1: Types, Effects, Characterization Methods, Fouling Mechanisms and Interactions","display_name":"A Review on Ion-Exchange Membrane Fouling during the Electrodialysis Process in the Food Industry, Part 1: Types, Effects, Characterization Methods, Fouling Mechanisms and Interactions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207308421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","mag":"3207308421","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34677555","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8539029"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/membranes11100789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/10/789/pdf?version=1634821841","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225467","display_name":"Membranes","issn_l":"2077-0375","issn":["2077-0375"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Membranes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/10/789/pdf?version=1634821841","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024687783","display_name":"L. Dammak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-6634","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-6634"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197681013","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggc9x40","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145484","display_name":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3cen15","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227","https://openalex.org/I4210128300","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Las\u00e2ad Dammak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063226983","display_name":"Julie Fouilloux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-7410","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-7410"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197681013","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggc9x40","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145484","display_name":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3cen15","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227","https://openalex.org/I4210128300","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julie Fouilloux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-7410","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063744874","display_name":"Myriam Bdiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-1649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-1649"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197681013","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggc9x40","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145484","display_name":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3cen15","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227","https://openalex.org/I4210128300","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myriam Bdiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004819516","display_name":"Christian Larchet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1727-7394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1727-7394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197681013","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggc9x40","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145484","display_name":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3cen15","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227","https://openalex.org/I4210128300","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Larchet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1727-7394","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054986950","display_name":"Estelle Renard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197681013","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggc9x40","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145484","display_name":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3cen15","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I2800365227","https://openalex.org/I4210128300","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Estelle Renard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie et des Mat\u00e9riaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055562035","display_name":"Lassaad Baklouti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-4003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-4003","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-7501"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lassaad Baklouti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts at Al Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts at Al Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051255596","display_name":"\u0412. \u0412. \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-6662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-6662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117963711","display_name":"Kuban State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqewm58","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117963711"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veronika Sarapulova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropol\u2019skaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-6662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropol\u2019skaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117963711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085658552","display_name":"Anton E. Kozmai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-0945","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-0945"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117963711","display_name":"Kuban State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqewm58","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117963711"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Kozmai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropol\u2019skaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropol\u2019skaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117963711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002263146","display_name":"Natalia D. Pismenskaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-0136","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-0136"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117963711","display_name":"Kuban State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqewm58","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117963711"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Pismenskaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropol\u2019skaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-0136","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropol\u2019skaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117963711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024687783"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I197681013","https://openalex.org/I4210145484"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1944},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1944},"fwci":0.7455,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":96,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64347826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"789","last_page":"789"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12074","display_name":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12074","display_name":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12274","display_name":"Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrodialysis","display_name":"electrodialysis","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-industry","display_name":"food industry","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anion-exchange-membranes","display_name":"anion exchange membranes","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-fouling","display_name":"organic fouling","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-fouling","display_name":"protein fouling","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-aging","display_name":"membrane aging","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-lifetime","display_name":"membrane lifetime","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-permselectivity","display_name":"membrane permselectivity","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-efficiency","display_name":"current efficiency","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-recovery","display_name":"water recovery","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"energy consumption","score":0.8190000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115792997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1439803","display_name":"Fouling","level":3,"score":0.8660846948623657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3128022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2290646","display_name":"Electrodialysis","level":3,"score":0.8600462079048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180461467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623659","display_name":"Membrane fouling","level":4,"score":0.7124080657958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776870568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190873","display_name":"Desalination","level":3,"score":0.6562126278877258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.5988591909408569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19473024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2548287","display_name":"Reversed electrodialysis","level":4,"score":0.5799676179885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.5531988739967346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5485492944717407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117760992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389137","display_name":"Ion exchange","level":3,"score":0.4234771132469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.39539268612861633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3823099136352539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32431358098983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.27556055784225464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19699722528457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.17599108815193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.06754955649375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/membranes11100789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/10/789/pdf?version=1634821841","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225467","display_name":"Membranes","issn_l":"2077-0375","issn":["2077-0375"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Membranes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8539029","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8539029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Membranes (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34677555","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34677555","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Membranes","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05146559v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05146559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Membranes, 2021, 11 (10), pp.789. ⟨10.3390/membranes11100789⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1f5cf9ec990b4f27b4a4c23ced5e23bd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1f5cf9ec990b4f27b4a4c23ced5e23bd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Membranes, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 789 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/membranes11100789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100789","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/10/789/pdf?version=1634821841","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225467","display_name":"Membranes","issn_l":"2077-0375","issn":["2077-0375"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Membranes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3440759002","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19-48-230024 reg_a","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","funder_display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh1ke95"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207308421.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":197,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28665813","https://openalex.org/W284159769","https://openalex.org/W1274734197","https://openalex.org/W1484621825","https://openalex.org/W1558333867","https://openalex.org/W1772063605","https://openalex.org/W1916244179","https://openalex.org/W1966358085","https://openalex.org/W1967991105","https://openalex.org/W1968712141","https://openalex.org/W1968834637","https://openalex.org/W1972646015","https://openalex.org/W1975468556","https://openalex.org/W1975801315","https://openalex.org/W1977993636","https://openalex.org/W1982273107","https://openalex.org/W1982661221","https://openalex.org/W1984338344","https://openalex.org/W1984488211","https://openalex.org/W1986149561","https://openalex.org/W1987734557","https://openalex.org/W1989222416","https://openalex.org/W1990161431","https://openalex.org/W1990330524","https://openalex.org/W1991644513","https://openalex.org/W1994590399","https://openalex.org/W1996583931","https://openalex.org/W1997433563","https://openalex.org/W2000987472","https://openalex.org/W2003021519","https://openalex.org/W2003309268","https://openalex.org/W2004019593","https://openalex.org/W2004170357","https://openalex.org/W2009325848","https://openalex.org/W2009526321","https://openalex.org/W2009844739","https://openalex.org/W2012116646","https://openalex.org/W2012535810","https://openalex.org/W2014699651","https://openalex.org/W2018320254","https://openalex.org/W2018513179","https://openalex.org/W2024303518","https://openalex.org/W2025875376","https://openalex.org/W2027027354","https://openalex.org/W2027484242","https://openalex.org/W2028241950","https://openalex.org/W2030450262","https://openalex.org/W2030673164","https://openalex.org/W2031734076","https://openalex.org/W2036654041","https://openalex.org/W2036943549","https://openalex.org/W2037891578","https://openalex.org/W2038594629","https://openalex.org/W2042751837","https://openalex.org/W2043052234","https://openalex.org/W2043448087","https://openalex.org/W2043813062","https://openalex.org/W2044010767","https://openalex.org/W2044434878","https://openalex.org/W2049976105","https://openalex.org/W2051470472","https://openalex.org/W2052951385","https://openalex.org/W2053400299","https://openalex.org/W2055404823","https://openalex.org/W2057044349","https://openalex.org/W2058434570","https://openalex.org/W2058974192","https://openalex.org/W2061487810","https://openalex.org/W2066345262","https://openalex.org/W2070300719","https://openalex.org/W2072224260","https://openalex.org/W2075721812","https://openalex.org/W2076284448","https://openalex.org/W2077697332","https://openalex.org/W2077813193","https://openalex.org/W2078328069","https://openalex.org/W2079126414","https://openalex.org/W2080657000","https://openalex.org/W2081018186","https://openalex.org/W2081350166","https://openalex.org/W2082496851","https://openalex.org/W2087455539","https://openalex.org/W2093746804","https://openalex.org/W2096869500","https://openalex.org/W2099783097","https://openalex.org/W2112184527","https://openalex.org/W2115965718","https://openalex.org/W2117842590","https://openalex.org/W2118995048","https://openalex.org/W2124048128","https://openalex.org/W2131448387","https://openalex.org/W2137083162","https://openalex.org/W2137354421","https://openalex.org/W2139303553","https://openalex.org/W2143303915","https://openalex.org/W2144325587","https://openalex.org/W2157465614","https://openalex.org/W2161740944","https://openalex.org/W2162546233","https://openalex.org/W2168408210","https://openalex.org/W2179904522","https://openalex.org/W2200468465","https://openalex.org/W2215475601","https://openalex.org/W2259068865","https://openalex.org/W2261073362","https://openalex.org/W2261193010","https://openalex.org/W2286579998","https://openalex.org/W2288298764","https://openalex.org/W2323814078","https://openalex.org/W2416405665","https://openalex.org/W2418110935","https://openalex.org/W2463906917","https://openalex.org/W2476614580","https://openalex.org/W2485398078","https://openalex.org/W2487058191","https://openalex.org/W2494045883","https://openalex.org/W2509100006","https://openalex.org/W2511528530","https://openalex.org/W2511591524","https://openalex.org/W2517091047","https://openalex.org/W2519148030","https://openalex.org/W2522999329","https://openalex.org/W2547467396","https://openalex.org/W2578332907","https://openalex.org/W2583292591","https://openalex.org/W2586773946","https://openalex.org/W2589722709","https://openalex.org/W2618503935","https://openalex.org/W2742489327","https://openalex.org/W2742961727","https://openalex.org/W2746763311","https://openalex.org/W2750246026","https://openalex.org/W2765985883","https://openalex.org/W2770660349","https://openalex.org/W2774921560","https://openalex.org/W2793033330","https://openalex.org/W2793318298","https://openalex.org/W2793421145","https://openalex.org/W2799859840","https://openalex.org/W2802409045","https://openalex.org/W2804963097","https://openalex.org/W2809049914","https://openalex.org/W2809582185","https://openalex.org/W2811288794","https://openalex.org/W2863672112","https://openalex.org/W2883110763","https://openalex.org/W2886964352","https://openalex.org/W2887731918","https://openalex.org/W2888325266","https://openalex.org/W2888757820","https://openalex.org/W2889879433","https://openalex.org/W2892626005","https://openalex.org/W2893328075","https://openalex.org/W2894815433","https://openalex.org/W2896461333","https://openalex.org/W2903125086","https://openalex.org/W2905319399","https://openalex.org/W2905349362","https://openalex.org/W2913396954","https://openalex.org/W2914197300","https://openalex.org/W2922645159","https://openalex.org/W2944953393","https://openalex.org/W2950686441","https://openalex.org/W2952263583","https://openalex.org/W2960882361","https://openalex.org/W2970268913","https://openalex.org/W2970288073","https://openalex.org/W2971966104","https://openalex.org/W2979821506","https://openalex.org/W2980427767","https://openalex.org/W2981704289","https://openalex.org/W2984604045","https://openalex.org/W2996116844","https://openalex.org/W2996380435","https://openalex.org/W2997080398","https://openalex.org/W3001454656","https://openalex.org/W3005324738","https://openalex.org/W3005596894","https://openalex.org/W3016833558","https://openalex.org/W3037670652","https://openalex.org/W3037766137","https://openalex.org/W3042773302","https://openalex.org/W3049126612","https://openalex.org/W3080674376","https://openalex.org/W3087301036","https://openalex.org/W3093998954","https://openalex.org/W3097498938","https://openalex.org/W3100608883","https://openalex.org/W3108721336","https://openalex.org/W3117383157","https://openalex.org/W3132833659","https://openalex.org/W3135514092","https://openalex.org/W3136688038","https://openalex.org/W4242975213","https://openalex.org/W4249884541","https://openalex.org/W4253247626","https://openalex.org/W6757181534"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3049126612","https://openalex.org/W3208313364","https://openalex.org/W2888325266","https://openalex.org/W4399221188","https://openalex.org/W7218049837","https://openalex.org/W2352499699","https://openalex.org/W4379208953","https://openalex.org/W2297289740","https://openalex.org/W7046199578","https://openalex.org/W1968203650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electrodialysis":[0],"(ED)":[1],"was":[2],"first":[3,223],"established":[4],"for":[5,16],"water":[6,19,138],"desalination":[7],"and":[8,23,35,144,159,163,199,244,253,263,270],"is":[9],"still":[10],"highly":[11],"recommended":[12],"in":[13,32,51,87,129,133,211],"this":[14,187],"field":[15],"its":[17],"high":[18],"recovery,":[20,139],"long":[21],"lifetime":[22,67,150],"acceptable":[24],"electricity":[25],"consumption.":[26],"Today,":[27],"thanks":[28],"to":[29,47,70,126,182,231],"technological":[30],"progress":[31],"ED":[33,43,88,167,209],"processes":[34,168],"the":[36,52,121,127,161,164,202,208,219,225,232,238,241,249],"emergence":[37],"of":[38,57,75,141,166,194,204,228],"new":[39],"ion-exchange":[40],"membranes":[41],"(IEMs),":[42],"has":[44,59],"been":[45],"extended":[46],"many":[48],"other":[49,99,183],"applications":[50],"food":[53,212],"industry.":[54],"This":[55],"expansion":[56],"uses":[58],"also":[60],"generated":[61],"several":[62],"problems":[63],"such":[64,93],"as":[65,94,147,149,246,248,255,257],"IEMs'":[66],"limitation":[68],"due":[69],"different":[71,226,250],"ageing":[72],"phenomena":[73,203],"(because":[74],"organic":[76,91,101],"and/or":[77],"mineral":[78],"compounds).":[79],"The":[80],"current":[81,145],"commercial":[82],"IEMs":[83],"show":[84],"excellent":[85],"performance":[86],"processes;":[89],"however,":[90],"foulants":[92],"proteins,":[95],"surfactants,":[96],"polyphenols":[97],"or":[98,118,179],"natural":[100],"matters":[102],"can":[103,119],"adhere":[104],"on":[105,218,260],"their":[106,258],"surface":[107],"(especially":[108],"when":[109],"using":[110],"anion-exchange":[111],"membranes:":[112],"AEMs)":[113],"forming":[114],"a":[115,191,215],"colloid":[116],"layer":[117],"infiltrate":[120],"membrane":[122,142],"matrix,":[123],"which":[124],"leads":[125],"increase":[128],"electrical":[130],"resistance,":[131],"resulting":[132],"higher":[134],"energy":[135],"consumption,":[136],"lower":[137],"loss":[140],"permselectivity":[143],"efficiency":[146,165],"well":[148,247,256],"limitation.":[151],"If":[152],"these":[153],"aspects":[154],"are":[155],"not":[156],"sufficiently":[157],"controlled":[158],"mastered,":[160],"use":[162],"will":[169,174],"be":[170,177],"limited":[171],"since,":[172],"it":[173],"no":[175],"longer":[176],"competitive":[178],"profitable":[180],"compared":[181],"separation":[184],"methods.":[185],"In":[186],"work":[188],"we":[189],"reviewed":[190],"significant":[192],"amount":[193],"recent":[195],"scientific":[196],"publications,":[197],"research":[198],"reviews":[200],"studying":[201],"IEM":[205,261],"fouling":[206,229,239,251],"during":[207],"process":[210],"industry":[213],"with":[214],"special":[216],"focus":[217],"last":[220],"decade.":[221],"We":[222],"classified":[224],"types":[227],"according":[230],"most":[233],"commonly":[234],"used":[235],"classifications.":[236],"Then,":[237],"effects,":[240],"characterization":[242],"methods":[243],"techniques":[245],"mechanisms":[252],"interactions":[254],"influence":[259],"matrix":[262],"fixed":[264],"groups":[265],"were":[266],"presented,":[267],"analyzed,":[268],"discussed":[269],"illustrated.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}