{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206323915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","title":"Gender and Pharmacists\u2019 Career Satisfaction in the United States","display_name":"Gender and Pharmacists\u2019 Career Satisfaction in the United States","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206323915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","mag":"3206323915","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34698292","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8544727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/pharmacy9040173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/9/4/173/pdf?version=1634810852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228566","display_name":"Pharmacy","issn_l":"2226-4787","issn":["2226-4787"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/9/4/173/pdf?version=1634810852","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016118106","display_name":"Manuel J. Carvajal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-9056","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-9056","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4347-7784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203088144","display_name":"Nova Southeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/042bbge36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel J. Carvajal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-9056","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000932495","display_name":"Ioana Popovici","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-6122","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-6122"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203088144","display_name":"Nova Southeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/042bbge36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioana Popovici","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058624286","display_name":"Patrick C. Hardigan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6965-1766","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6965-1766"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203088144","display_name":"Nova Southeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/042bbge36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick C. Hardigan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Health Program, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health Program, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016118106"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1512},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1512},"fwci":3.4758,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92250684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"173","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9023000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9023000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12244","display_name":"Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues","score":0.06480000168085098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2911","display_name":"Leadership and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10795","display_name":"Healthcare professionals\u2019 stress and burnout","score":0.01590000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-satisfaction","display_name":"career satisfaction","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-satisfaction","display_name":"job satisfaction","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacists","display_name":"pharmacists","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-pharmacists","display_name":"female pharmacists","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings","display_name":"earnings","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-week","display_name":"work week","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-incentives","display_name":"work incentives","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacy-workforce","display_name":"pharmacy workforce","score":0.628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2718322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629463","display_name":"Job satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.7788186073303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776243918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352126","display_name":"Contentment","level":2,"score":0.5782016515731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5363683700561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.5057225227355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.44873082637786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.41639310121536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3857592046260834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36961302161216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.28849881887435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/pharmacy9040173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/9/4/173/pdf?version=1634810852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228566","display_name":"Pharmacy","issn_l":"2226-4787","issn":["2226-4787"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:7433467","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC8544727","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8544727","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8544727","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34698292","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34698292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:632d89d62f6d46a1afb98117077cc184","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/632d89d62f6d46a1afb98117077cc184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacy, Vol 9, Iss 4, p 173 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/pharmacy9040173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040173","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/9/4/173/pdf?version=1634810852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228566","display_name":"Pharmacy","issn_l":"2226-4787","issn":["2226-4787"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6025999784469604,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3206323915.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3206323915.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129163800","https://openalex.org/W1050303463","https://openalex.org/W1465068337","https://openalex.org/W1525185597","https://openalex.org/W1571231820","https://openalex.org/W1589588924","https://openalex.org/W1592332289","https://openalex.org/W1613114365","https://openalex.org/W1854620072","https://openalex.org/W1866812721","https://openalex.org/W1970703996","https://openalex.org/W1984492687","https://openalex.org/W1984626163","https://openalex.org/W1992998185","https://openalex.org/W1994614332","https://openalex.org/W1997407355","https://openalex.org/W1999161030","https://openalex.org/W2002096491","https://openalex.org/W2004507015","https://openalex.org/W2005748901","https://openalex.org/W2016831701","https://openalex.org/W2026353352","https://openalex.org/W2033215150","https://openalex.org/W2044240896","https://openalex.org/W2049075428","https://openalex.org/W2049844558","https://openalex.org/W2049908433","https://openalex.org/W2051218049","https://openalex.org/W2051702206","https://openalex.org/W2062092704","https://openalex.org/W2062743909","https://openalex.org/W2070719959","https://openalex.org/W2073443791","https://openalex.org/W2073691612","https://openalex.org/W2074167712","https://openalex.org/W2077513133","https://openalex.org/W2081464174","https://openalex.org/W2095329955","https://openalex.org/W2098137448","https://openalex.org/W2107338156","https://openalex.org/W2127808912","https://openalex.org/W2134364177","https://openalex.org/W2141399134","https://openalex.org/W2144530493","https://openalex.org/W2154050123","https://openalex.org/W2154775764","https://openalex.org/W2158117696","https://openalex.org/W2171405772","https://openalex.org/W2239681307","https://openalex.org/W2267802658","https://openalex.org/W2335621718","https://openalex.org/W2481036112","https://openalex.org/W2484186602","https://openalex.org/W2580764286","https://openalex.org/W2584173931","https://openalex.org/W2586559937","https://openalex.org/W2751276028","https://openalex.org/W2780899098","https://openalex.org/W2807042192","https://openalex.org/W2810227233","https://openalex.org/W2887415621","https://openalex.org/W2890421732","https://openalex.org/W2902704931","https://openalex.org/W2921612036","https://openalex.org/W2964422804","https://openalex.org/W2973670604","https://openalex.org/W2975606946","https://openalex.org/W2982075843","https://openalex.org/W2987967843","https://openalex.org/W3005776362","https://openalex.org/W3015370386","https://openalex.org/W3021361086","https://openalex.org/W3028145735","https://openalex.org/W3029265243","https://openalex.org/W3128773110","https://openalex.org/W4244420254"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2945942978","https://openalex.org/W2887415621","https://openalex.org/W2146269116","https://openalex.org/W78207493","https://openalex.org/W2902704931","https://openalex.org/W2135113303","https://openalex.org/W6920894805","https://openalex.org/W2905213819","https://openalex.org/W4286257105","https://openalex.org/W132151775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Job":[0,153],"satisfaction":[1,12,36,42,47,92,154,190],"reflects":[2],"pharmacists'":[3,90,150,157],"evaluation":[4,15],"of":[5,16,29,40,43,54,70,81,102,105,121,173],"their":[6,22,124,127],"current":[7],"work":[8],"experiences,":[9],"while":[10],"career":[11,35,55,91,151,159],"is":[13],"an":[14],"how":[17],"satisfied":[18],"pharmacists":[19,72,117,164],"are":[20],"with":[21,123],"profession":[23],"across":[24,48],"various":[25],"jobs.":[26],"The":[27,78],"objectives":[28],"this":[30],"article":[31],"were":[32,133],"to":[33,167],"measure":[34],"and":[37,50,84,110,112,162,198],"specific":[38],"facets":[39],"current-job":[41],"U.S.":[44],"pharmacists,":[45],"compare":[46],"genders,":[49],"examine":[51],"the":[52,75],"determinants":[53],"satisfaction.":[56,152,160],"This":[57],"study":[58],"was":[59,93],"based":[60],"on":[61],"self-reported":[62],"survey":[63],"data":[64],"collected":[65],"from":[66],"a":[67,100,170],"random":[68],"sample":[69,79],"licensed":[71],"practicing":[73],"throughout":[74],"United":[76],"States.":[77],"consisted":[80],"422":[82],"men":[83],"315":[85],"women.":[86],"Within":[87],"each":[88],"gender,":[89],"modeled":[94],"using":[95],"ordinary":[96],"least":[97],"squares":[98],"as":[99,188],"function":[101],"three":[103],"sets":[104],"variables:":[106],"personal":[107],"characteristics,":[108],"earnings":[109],"workweek,":[111,144],"other":[113],"job-related":[114],"variables.":[115],"Female":[116],"exhibited":[118],"higher":[119],"levels":[120,132],"contentment":[122],"careers":[125],"than":[126],"male":[128,149,186],"counterparts.":[129],"Their":[130],"career-satisfaction":[131],"not":[134,177],"affected":[135,156],"by":[136,185,195],"age,":[137],"marital":[138],"status,":[139],"annual":[140],"earnings,":[141],"or":[142],"average":[143],"covariates":[145],"that":[146],"systematically":[147],"influenced":[148],"substantially":[155],"long-term":[158],"Male":[161],"female":[163,196],"responded":[165],"differently":[166],"stimuli,":[168],"so":[169],"uniform":[171],"set":[172],"work-related":[174],"incentives":[175],"may":[176,191],"be":[178,192],"effective":[179],"for":[180],"both":[181],"genders.":[182],"Initiatives":[183],"perceived":[184,194],"practitioners":[187],"increasing":[189],"adversely":[193],"practitioners,":[197],"vice-versa.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}
