{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206178609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab101","title":"How Does Multi-Level Governance Create Capacity to Address Refugee Needs, and with What Limitations? An Analysis of Municipal Responses to Syrian Refugees in Istanbul","display_name":"How Does Multi-Level Governance Create Capacity to Address Refugee Needs, and with What Limitations? An Analysis of Municipal Responses to Syrian Refugees in Istanbul","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206178609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab101","mag":"3206178609"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jrs/feab101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80058157","display_name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","issn_l":"0951-6328","issn":["0951-6328","1471-6925"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11729/4352","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045594592","display_name":"Rabia Karakaya Polat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4843-3011","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4843-3011"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167234411","display_name":"I\u015f\u0131k University","ror":"https://ror.org/02j8k6t75","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167234411"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rabia Karakaya Polat","raw_affiliation_strings":["I\u015f\u0131k University, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"I\u015f\u0131k University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167234411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044036755","display_name":"Vivien Lowndes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6935-2720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6935-2720"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivien Lowndes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045594592"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167234411"],"apc_list":{"value":3180,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3894},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8309,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91177596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"51","last_page":"73"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.8026999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.8026999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13343","display_name":"Turkish Urban and Social Issues","score":0.14489999413490295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14226","display_name":"Migration, Racism, and Human Rights","score":0.016100000590085983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-level-governance","display_name":"multi-level governance","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syrian-refugees","display_name":"Syrian refugees","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refugee-housing","display_name":"refugee housing","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-government-capacity","display_name":"local government capacity","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-networks","display_name":"informal networks","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-society","display_name":"civil society","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-relations","display_name":"power relations","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/istanbul","display_name":"Istanbul","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkey","display_name":"Turkey","score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refugee-policy","display_name":"refugee policy","score":0.45399999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173145845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131572","display_name":"Refugee","level":2,"score":0.8326046466827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67820243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179164","display_name":"Unitary state","level":2,"score":0.710690438747406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6526110172271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.5837848782539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5774513483047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.560648500919342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5220513343811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48884886503219604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2557224","display_name":"Explanatory power","level":2,"score":0.4364238381385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41462987661361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.4072173833847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.34438878297805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3369045555591583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.22199487686157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13040682673454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11269930005073547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jrs/feab101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80058157","display_name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","issn_l":"0951-6328","issn":["0951-6328","1471-6925"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:acikerisim.isikun.edu.tr:11729/4352","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11729/4352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401174","display_name":"Akademik A\u00e7\u0131k Eri\u015fim (I\u015f\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I167234411","host_organization_name":"I\u015f\u0131k University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167234411"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:acikerisim.isikun.edu.tr:11729/4352","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11729/4352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401174","display_name":"Akademik A\u00e7\u0131k Eri\u015fim (I\u015f\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I167234411","host_organization_name":"I\u015f\u0131k University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167234411"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9595999717712402},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8787999749183655}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320004","display_name":"British Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/0302b4677"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1776144050","https://openalex.org/W2006250243","https://openalex.org/W2036305395","https://openalex.org/W2039364641","https://openalex.org/W2040243510","https://openalex.org/W2062634282","https://openalex.org/W2075023583","https://openalex.org/W2091062476","https://openalex.org/W2093290333","https://openalex.org/W2164304100","https://openalex.org/W2194326618","https://openalex.org/W2267353202","https://openalex.org/W2293201281","https://openalex.org/W2322696155","https://openalex.org/W2463435078","https://openalex.org/W2481154160","https://openalex.org/W2489072681","https://openalex.org/W2558342815","https://openalex.org/W2574862251","https://openalex.org/W2607102656","https://openalex.org/W2742666663","https://openalex.org/W2744876272","https://openalex.org/W2745147265","https://openalex.org/W2783906686","https://openalex.org/W2795594260","https://openalex.org/W2795827407","https://openalex.org/W2796137833","https://openalex.org/W2796334761","https://openalex.org/W2801219921","https://openalex.org/W2884784720","https://openalex.org/W2888387221","https://openalex.org/W2891473176","https://openalex.org/W2917424234","https://openalex.org/W2953578895","https://openalex.org/W2971153354","https://openalex.org/W2980152427","https://openalex.org/W2981529294","https://openalex.org/W3007813853","https://openalex.org/W3014803181","https://openalex.org/W3038032903","https://openalex.org/W3044065338","https://openalex.org/W3087043082","https://openalex.org/W3094039616","https://openalex.org/W4213076667","https://openalex.org/W4245445511","https://openalex.org/W4299340613","https://openalex.org/W6793598749"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221444259","https://openalex.org/W7150998947","https://openalex.org/W7160587373","https://openalex.org/W7138933022","https://openalex.org/W7161592800","https://openalex.org/W7213877488","https://openalex.org/W4404504322","https://openalex.org/W4389539097","https://openalex.org/W7221374375","https://openalex.org/W4405442939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"multi-level":[2],"governance":[3,58,120],"(MLG)":[4],"framework":[5],"is":[6,152],"used":[7],"to":[8,125],"investigate":[9],"how":[10,47],"municipalities":[11,48],"in":[12,37,61,121,136],"Turkey":[13],"have":[14,49],"coped":[15],"with":[16,54],"the":[17,41,75,109,131,144],"arrival":[18],"of":[19,44,77,103,119,134,143],"3.6":[20],"million":[21],"Syrians":[22],"amid":[23],"limited":[24],"resources,":[25],"an":[26],"ambiguous":[27],"legal":[28],"framework,":[29],"and":[30,60,66,91,101,111,117],"changing":[31],"national":[32],"policy":[33],"priorities.":[34],"Qualitative":[35],"research":[36,107,129],"Istanbul,":[38],"which":[39],"hosts":[40],"largest":[42],"number":[43],"refugees,":[45],"shows":[46],"generated":[50],"capacity":[51],"by":[52,87],"working":[53],"actors":[55],"at":[56],"other":[57],"levels":[59],"non-governmental":[62],"spaces,":[63],"via":[64],"formal":[65],"informal":[67],"networks.":[68],"MLG":[69,135],"arrangements":[70],"did":[71],"not":[72],"however":[73],"imply":[74],"retreat":[76],"a":[78,95,137],"powerful":[79],"central":[80],"state.":[81],"Rather,":[82],"they":[83],"were":[84],"decisively":[85],"influenced":[86],"existing":[88],"power":[89,133],"relations":[90],"governing":[92],"traditions,":[93],"specifically":[94],"strong":[96],"state,":[97,141],"weak":[98],"local":[99,123],"government,":[100],"mistrust":[102],"civil":[104],"society.":[105],"The":[106,128],"illuminates":[108],"complex,":[110],"sometimes":[112],"surprising,":[113],"relationships":[114],"between":[115],"tiers":[116],"spheres":[118],"shaping":[122],"responses":[124],"refugee":[126],"needs.":[127],"demonstrates":[130],"explanatory":[132],"highly":[138],"centralized":[139],"unitary":[140],"outside":[142],"democratic":[145],"(and":[146],"mostly":[147],"federal)":[148],"contexts":[149],"where":[150],"it":[151],"usually":[153],"applied.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}