{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205403133","doi":null,"title":"Designing off-sample performance metrics.","display_name":"Designing off-sample performance metrics.","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205403133","mag":"3205403133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3205403133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04996v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04996v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070612925","display_name":"Matthew J. Holland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6704-1769","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6704-1769"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthew J. Holland","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6704-1769","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070612925"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.4043000042438507,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.4043000042438507,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.396699994802475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.06030000001192093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-indicators","display_name":"performance indicators","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-system-design","display_name":"learning system design","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"generalization","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-indicators","display_name":"evaluation metrics","score":0.3720000088214874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7129971981048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.6251000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6086837649345398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5601083636283875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.558130145072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5223339796066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45921584963798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4393632411956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3996025025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.38955608010292053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.3245033621788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15277263522148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.09450793266296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3205403133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04996v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3205403133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04996v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1944672","https://openalex.org/W5594912","https://openalex.org/W76359137","https://openalex.org/W1480526195","https://openalex.org/W1503398984","https://openalex.org/W1520252399","https://openalex.org/W1524800038","https://openalex.org/W1530699444","https://openalex.org/W1542886316","https://openalex.org/W1546638125","https://openalex.org/W1551703115","https://openalex.org/W1564947197","https://openalex.org/W1647779468","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1766442844","https://openalex.org/W1786332878","https://openalex.org/W1845972764","https://openalex.org/W1850992575","https://openalex.org/W1965761421","https://openalex.org/W1976406849","https://openalex.org/W1980534953","https://openalex.org/W1982381767","https://openalex.org/W1984151138","https://openalex.org/W1987793616","https://openalex.org/W2004216344","https://openalex.org/W2010029425","https://openalex.org/W2019363670","https://openalex.org/W2022090913","https://openalex.org/W2029538739","https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2041946752","https://openalex.org/W2042132284","https://openalex.org/W2046033161","https://openalex.org/W2046495522","https://openalex.org/W2054321814","https://openalex.org/W2055309977","https://openalex.org/W2061411014","https://openalex.org/W2069826626","https://openalex.org/W2084544490","https://openalex.org/W2086789740","https://openalex.org/W2093579479","https://openalex.org/W2107189314","https://openalex.org/W2109100253","https://openalex.org/W2109122936","https://openalex.org/W2115001337","https://openalex.org/W2117812871","https://openalex.org/W2134802631","https://openalex.org/W2139709458","https://openalex.org/W2144846366","https://openalex.org/W2147366477","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2150338193","https://openalex.org/W2154952480","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2160132393","https://openalex.org/W2266250036","https://openalex.org/W2295869408","https://openalex.org/W2319356411","https://openalex.org/W2320439343","https://openalex.org/W2557283755","https://openalex.org/W2564590721","https://openalex.org/W2752099845","https://openalex.org/W2896534181","https://openalex.org/W2914344555","https://openalex.org/W2950526172","https://openalex.org/W2963322627","https://openalex.org/W2964126058","https://openalex.org/W2964241437","https://openalex.org/W2966386280","https://openalex.org/W2970233506","https://openalex.org/W2970762077","https://openalex.org/W3004229193","https://openalex.org/W3005985456","https://openalex.org/W3105107550","https://openalex.org/W3109386609","https://openalex.org/W3122167364","https://openalex.org/W3124407081","https://openalex.org/W3131671908","https://openalex.org/W3132032427","https://openalex.org/W3140968660","https://openalex.org/W3157095371","https://openalex.org/W3159057493","https://openalex.org/W3167402184","https://openalex.org/W4236362309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2887661697","https://openalex.org/W7154345311","https://openalex.org/W4393146685","https://openalex.org/W2016829317","https://openalex.org/W4389108412","https://openalex.org/W2519382244","https://openalex.org/W2148969259","https://openalex.org/W4312609267","https://openalex.org/W4239707940","https://openalex.org/W4224233910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"machine":[1],"learning":[2,30],"systems":[3,31],"are":[4],"traditionally":[5],"designed":[6],"and":[7,56,69,82],"tested":[8],"with":[9],"the":[10,15,34,60,65,72],"overall":[11],"goal":[12],"of":[13,36,89],"achieving":[14],"best":[16],"possible":[17],"performance":[18],"on":[19],"average.":[20],"In":[21],"this":[22,51],"work,":[23],"we":[24,39],"consider":[25],"an":[26],"approach":[27],"to":[28],"building":[29],"which":[32],"treats":[33],"question":[35],"how":[37],"should":[38],"quantify":[40],"good":[41],"off-sample":[42],"performance?":[43],"as":[44,86],"a":[45,54],"key":[46],"design":[47],"decision.":[48],"We":[49],"describe":[50],"proposal":[52],"using":[53],"simple":[55],"general":[57],"formulation,":[58],"place":[59],"current":[61],"dominant":[62],"paradigm":[63],"within":[64],"proper":[66],"historical":[67],"context,":[68],"then":[70],"survey":[71],"literature":[73],"for":[74],"more":[75],"recent":[76],"developments":[77],"that":[78],"depart":[79],"from":[80],"tradition":[81],"can":[83],"be":[84],"viewed":[85],"special":[87],"cases":[88],"our":[90],"proposed":[91],"methodology.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}
