{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205376595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","title":"Examination of the Causes and Consequences of International Migration in Nigeria","display_name":"Examination of the Causes and Consequences of International Migration in Nigeria","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205376595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","mag":"3205376595"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","pdf_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5008/article/download/4329/6693","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200455","display_name":"Asian Development Policy Review","issn_l":"2313-8343","issn":["2313-8343","2518-2544"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361074916","host_organization_name":"Conscientia Beam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361074916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Conscientia Beam"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Development Policy Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5008/article/download/4329/6693","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038053449","display_name":"Innocent Uchechukwu Duru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8958-0686","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8958-0686"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131949601","display_name":"Renaissance University","ror":"https://ror.org/020w9wy05","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131949601"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Innocent U Duru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8958-0686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131949601"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038053449"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131949601"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7638,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94633006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"180","last_page":"193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13692","display_name":"Italian Social Issues and Migration","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-migration","display_name":"international migration","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migration-determinants","display_name":"migration determinants","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migration-effects","display_name":"consequences of migration","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-factors","display_name":"economic factors","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remittances","display_name":"remittances","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xenophobia","display_name":"xenophobia","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/push-and-pull-factors","display_name":"push and pull factors","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migration-policy","display_name":"migration policy","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-development","display_name":"human development","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-reduction","display_name":"poverty reduction","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-infrastructure","display_name":"social infrastructure","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.5779241323471069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142077812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175850","display_name":"Standard of living","level":2,"score":0.5279601812362671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.509688138961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.5000689029693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.47858667373657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46248894929885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100363876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690661","display_name":"Nonprobability sampling","level":3,"score":0.45365583896636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170595211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177626","display_name":"Human migration","level":3,"score":0.4161701798439026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39501407742500305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.32147708535194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2955068051815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.16829141974449158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11690586805343628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","pdf_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5008/article/download/4329/6693","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200455","display_name":"Asian Development Policy Review","issn_l":"2313-8343","issn":["2313-8343","2518-2544"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361074916","host_organization_name":"Conscientia Beam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361074916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Conscientia Beam"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Development Policy Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:asi:adprev:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:180-193:id:4329","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5008/article/view/4329/6693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.94.180.193","pdf_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5008/article/download/4329/6693","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200455","display_name":"Asian Development Policy Review","issn_l":"2313-8343","issn":["2313-8343","2518-2544"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361074916","host_organization_name":"Conscientia Beam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361074916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Conscientia Beam"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Development Policy Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9211000204086304,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205376595.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205376595.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W110410676","https://openalex.org/W628007966","https://openalex.org/W638967813","https://openalex.org/W1589612212","https://openalex.org/W1781347434","https://openalex.org/W1820465909","https://openalex.org/W1968556901","https://openalex.org/W1981758530","https://openalex.org/W2000084816","https://openalex.org/W2045052182","https://openalex.org/W2053207976","https://openalex.org/W2070289130","https://openalex.org/W2107341815","https://openalex.org/W2110233842","https://openalex.org/W2112911152","https://openalex.org/W2121860725","https://openalex.org/W2306359349","https://openalex.org/W2319600981","https://openalex.org/W2468056618","https://openalex.org/W2570023405","https://openalex.org/W2591163334","https://openalex.org/W2649737345","https://openalex.org/W2797142593","https://openalex.org/W2804386924","https://openalex.org/W2884985128","https://openalex.org/W2890037771","https://openalex.org/W2980199980","https://openalex.org/W2991444327","https://openalex.org/W3046805886","https://openalex.org/W3074967283","https://openalex.org/W3082492143","https://openalex.org/W3124201391","https://openalex.org/W3129049676","https://openalex.org/W3139886196","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302169064","https://openalex.org/W4410226144","https://openalex.org/W6663905880","https://openalex.org/W6990662722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7203834270","https://openalex.org/W7221319731","https://openalex.org/W1980717294","https://openalex.org/W7220583184","https://openalex.org/W7152370953","https://openalex.org/W7135828099","https://openalex.org/W7216685015","https://openalex.org/W7218208529","https://openalex.org/W4410565163","https://openalex.org/W6893029395"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"examined":[2],"the":[3,20,37,44,58,99,103,156,161,164,203,231],"leading":[4],"causes":[5,46,60,88,205],"and":[6,47,73,81,106,121,126,136,144,152,177,179,182,195,215,234],"consequences":[7,48],"of":[8,32,49,61,77,84,89,109,163,174,193,198,206,226],"international":[9,50,62,90,110,168,207],"migration":[10,51,63,91,111,169],"in":[11,52,64,92,112,118,142,228],"Nigeria.":[12,53],"A":[13],"survey":[14],"research":[15],"design":[16],"was":[17,24],"utilized":[18],"for":[19,166,217],"study.":[21],"The":[22,30,54],"data":[23],"collected":[25],"through":[26,36],"a":[27,211],"structured":[28],"questionnaire.":[29],"opinions":[31],"100":[33],"respondents":[34],"selected":[35],"purposive":[38],"sampling":[39],"technique":[40],"were":[41,66,94,114,149],"obtained":[42],"on":[43],"principal":[45,59],"findings":[55,100],"revealed":[56],"that":[57,102],"Nigeria":[65,93,113,229],"job":[67,187],"opportunities,":[68,188],"unemployment,":[69,175],"wealth":[70,189],"prospects,":[71,190],"safety":[72,176],"security,":[74],"better":[75,191],"conditions":[76,192],"service,":[78],"low":[79,180],"salaries":[80,181],"higher":[82,196],"standards":[83,197],"living.":[85],"These":[86,147],"foremost":[87,104],"mostly":[95],"economic":[96],"factors.":[97],"Furthermore,":[98,209],"showed":[101],"positive":[105],"negative":[107],"effects":[108,148],"integrated":[115],"development,":[116],"increase":[117],"remittances,":[119],"cheap":[120],"surplus":[122],"labour,":[123],"urban":[124],"services":[125],"social":[127,151],"infrastructure":[128],"under":[129],"stress,":[130],"stricter":[131],"immigration":[132],"norms,":[133],"multi-ethnic":[134],"society":[135],"increased":[137],"tolerance,":[138],"Xenophobia,":[139],"close":[140],"gaps":[141],"skills":[143],"cultural":[145],"dilution.":[146],"economic,":[150],"political.":[153],"Among":[154],"others,":[155],"study,":[157],"thus,":[158],"recommends":[159],"that:":[160],"strategies":[162],"government":[165],"stemming":[167],"should":[170],"address":[171],"push":[172],"factors":[173,184],"security":[178],"pull":[183],"such":[185],"as":[186],"service":[194],"living":[199],"since":[200],"they":[201],"are":[202],"root":[204],"migration.":[208],"migration,":[210],"long-standing":[212],"poverty":[213],"reduction":[214],"strategy":[216],"human":[218],"development":[219,227],"need":[220],"to":[221],"be":[222],"mainstreamed":[223],"into":[224],"policies":[225],"at":[230],"Federal,":[232],"State":[233],"Local":[235],"Governments.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}