{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204521963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","title":"Neither developed nor emerging: Dual paths for outward FDI and home country innovation in emerged market MNCs","display_name":"Neither developed nor emerging: Dual paths for outward FDI and home country innovation in emerged market MNCs","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204521963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","mag":"3204521963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23343376","display_name":"International Business Review","issn_l":"0969-5931","issn":["0969-5931","1873-6149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014663907","display_name":"Eun Su Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1593-9902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1593-9902"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78757542","display_name":"University of Newcastle Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/00eae9z71","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eun Su Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Newcastle Business School, Corner of Hunter and Auckland Streets, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1593-9902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Newcastle Business School, Corner of Hunter and Auckland Streets, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100431774","display_name":"Wei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-9795","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-9795"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, 62 Kedazhi Road, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, 62 Kedazhi Road, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101548424","display_name":"Jing Yu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-3895","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-3895","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3074-6885","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8004-6484"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Yu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney Business School, 21-25 Codrington Street, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney Business School, 21-25 Codrington Street, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100431774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6849,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94700815,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"2","first_page":"101925","last_page":"101925"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10907","display_name":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outward-foreign-direct-investment","display_name":"outward foreign direct investment","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-border-knowledge-transfer","display_name":"cross-border knowledge transfer","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowding-out","display_name":"crowding out","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spillover-effects","display_name":"spillover effects","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-market-and-developing-economies","display_name":"emerging and developing economies","score":0.5730000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.8402159214019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.7736027240753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.7014181613922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6775671243667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5847163200378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193257486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3681519","display_name":"International business","level":2,"score":0.5331156849861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.5049265027046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4977872371673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.4901948571205139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776936074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423399","display_name":"Knowledge spillover","level":2,"score":0.4671672582626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55527203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334194","display_name":"Spillover effect","level":2,"score":0.46179911494255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.4013960659503937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.3231310248374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2834252715110779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.22878959774971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.14479419589042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.07110956311225891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23343376","display_name":"International Business Review","issn_l":"0969-5931","issn":["0969-5931","1873-6149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:iburev:v:32:y:2023:i:2:s0969593121001438","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969593121001438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:uon:41326","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1441123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196471","display_name":"NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78757542","host_organization_name":"University of Newcastle Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7257999777793884},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.7207000255584717},{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5217000246047974}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87975348","https://openalex.org/W209252387","https://openalex.org/W1230845193","https://openalex.org/W1490135749","https://openalex.org/W1499170180","https://openalex.org/W1537892272","https://openalex.org/W1540451158","https://openalex.org/W1569410165","https://openalex.org/W1592263067","https://openalex.org/W1595361909","https://openalex.org/W1840218356","https://openalex.org/W1881759493","https://openalex.org/W1962572544","https://openalex.org/W1971725030","https://openalex.org/W1976925668","https://openalex.org/W1985619075","https://openalex.org/W1992193645","https://openalex.org/W1995434879","https://openalex.org/W2000910214","https://openalex.org/W2004497013","https://openalex.org/W2008610068","https://openalex.org/W2020067050","https://openalex.org/W2020595149","https://openalex.org/W2022151743","https://openalex.org/W2022709603","https://openalex.org/W2023596193","https://openalex.org/W2025610165","https://openalex.org/W2040793419","https://openalex.org/W2044906157","https://openalex.org/W2048497784","https://openalex.org/W2049124073","https://openalex.org/W2056692057","https://openalex.org/W2057307476","https://openalex.org/W2058273956","https://openalex.org/W2059032641","https://openalex.org/W2059237577","https://openalex.org/W2059897047","https://openalex.org/W2060301115","https://openalex.org/W2075412397","https://openalex.org/W2077609567","https://openalex.org/W2082579709","https://openalex.org/W2084058705","https://openalex.org/W2093194259","https://openalex.org/W2095220910","https://openalex.org/W2100807224","https://openalex.org/W2108184026","https://openalex.org/W2112345763","https://openalex.org/W2112352537","https://openalex.org/W2114184617","https://openalex.org/W2118066256","https://openalex.org/W2128500420","https://openalex.org/W2128876255","https://openalex.org/W2147991432","https://openalex.org/W2152303469","https://openalex.org/W2154892339","https://openalex.org/W2163296813","https://openalex.org/W2164284962","https://openalex.org/W2169048986","https://openalex.org/W2240963366","https://openalex.org/W2242144979","https://openalex.org/W2270783961","https://openalex.org/W2471122708","https://openalex.org/W2491379862","https://openalex.org/W2523324282","https://openalex.org/W2575623718","https://openalex.org/W2604428668","https://openalex.org/W2760866236","https://openalex.org/W2765625794","https://openalex.org/W2765870630","https://openalex.org/W2767777051","https://openalex.org/W2783607110","https://openalex.org/W2796941765","https://openalex.org/W2803535149","https://openalex.org/W2981899579","https://openalex.org/W2996098920","https://openalex.org/W3002166392","https://openalex.org/W3015634246","https://openalex.org/W3119285525","https://openalex.org/W3121565881","https://openalex.org/W3152457815","https://openalex.org/W3185716126","https://openalex.org/W4210258011","https://openalex.org/W4232844343","https://openalex.org/W4233287315","https://openalex.org/W4241742455","https://openalex.org/W4243246718","https://openalex.org/W4249695165","https://openalex.org/W6773219876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385212519","https://openalex.org/W188056920","https://openalex.org/W4233443702","https://openalex.org/W184125107","https://openalex.org/W2414507939","https://openalex.org/W2469911100","https://openalex.org/W2078026086","https://openalex.org/W1479888082","https://openalex.org/W4205648202","https://openalex.org/W7099188719"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}