{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204029564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","title":"Physical processes controlling the rifting of Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica, prior to the calving of iceberg A68","display_name":"Physical processes controlling the rifting of Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica, prior to the calving of iceberg A68","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204029564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","mag":"3204029564","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34580217","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8501775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2105080118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/118/40/e2105080118.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/118/40/e2105080118.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060483275","display_name":"Eric Larour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4009-4238","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4009-4238"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Larour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054685597","display_name":"Eric J. Rignot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3366-0481","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3366-0481"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E. Rignot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697;","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109;"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3366-0481","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083242610","display_name":"Mattia Poinelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-2166","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-2166"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Poinelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697;","Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047315151","display_name":"B. Scheuchl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-7709","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-7709"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Scheuchl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054685597"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9919,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95781732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"118","issue":"40","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12180","display_name":"Polar Research and Ecology","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/larsen-c-ice-shelf","display_name":"Larsen C Ice Shelf","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rift-propagation","display_name":"rift propagation","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-shelf-calving","display_name":"ice shelf calving","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-shelf-thinning","display_name":"ice shelf thinning","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-shelf-retreat","display_name":"ice shelf retreat","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydraulic-fractures","display_name":"hydraulic fractures","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-forcing","display_name":"radiative forcing","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-sheet-modeling","display_name":"ice sheet modeling","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12481700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47568","display_name":"Iceberg","level":3,"score":0.8852788209915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87547467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46966","display_name":"Ice shelf","level":4,"score":0.8080669641494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.8060208559036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197115733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136","display_name":"Forcing (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5505110621452332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22641795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868757","display_name":"Ice calving","level":4,"score":0.5431243181228638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50682988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473935","display_name":"Rift","level":3,"score":0.5217914581298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.46781206130981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16335420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18205270","display_name":"Antarctic sea ice","level":4,"score":0.42895999550819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.40671607851982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.3577428162097931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197435368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109","display_name":"Cryosphere","level":3,"score":0.3175014853477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.18449759483337402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776659692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426","display_name":"Lactation","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2105080118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/118/40/e2105080118.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:7433882","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC8501775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8501775","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8501775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34580217","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34580217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7377045m","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7377045m","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7377045m","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol 118, iss 40","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt7377045m","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7377045m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol 118, iss 40","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:cca6d59a-0082-473e-a810-99f81ac23e44","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cca6d59a-0082-473e-a810-99f81ac23e44","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:tud:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:cca6d59a-0082-473e-a810-99f81ac23e44","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cca6d59a-0082-473e-a810-99f81ac23e44","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(40)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2105080118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105080118","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/118/40/e2105080118.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6325347867","display_name":"THE ICE SHEETS IN ANTARCTICA AND GREENLAND ARE CONTRIBUTING SOONER AND MORE SIGNIFICANTLY TO SEA LEVEL RISE THAN ANTICIPATED. TO UNDERSTAND THESE CHANGES AND PROJECT THE CONTRIBUTION OF ICE SHEETS TO SEA LEVEL CHANGE IN THE COMING DECADES TO CENTURIES  IT IS ESSENTIAL TO OBTAIN COMPREHENSIVE  CONTINUOUS OBSERVATIONS OF ICE SHEET DYNAMICS  WHICH IS THE DOMINANT VECTOR OF RAPID SEA LEVEL RISE AT PRESENT AND IN THE FUTURE. OUR PROJECT ADDRESSES ANTARCTICA AND ITS 55-M SEA LEVEL EQUIVALENT. WE WILL EMPLOY A NEWLY AVAILABLE  NEARLY CONTINUOUS  MULTIPLESENSOR  SATELLITE DATA STREAM OF ANTARCTIC OBSERVATIONS FROM THE USGS S LANDSAT-8  ESA'S SENTINEL-1A/B  CSA'S RADARSAT-2  AND OTHER MISSIONS (JAXA'S ALOS PALSAR-2 AND ASI'S COSMO SKYMED) TO PRODUCE NEW EARTH SCIENCE DATA RECORD (ESDR) OF 1) MONTHLY  ICE-SHEET WIDE  ICE MOTION; 2) A NOVEL BED TOPOGRAPHY AND ICE THICKNESS OF ANTARCTICA THAT CONSERVES MASS AND FULFILLS THE REQUIREMENTS OF ICE SHEET MODELS; 3) ANNUAL MAPS OF GROUNDING LINE POSITIONS TO DOCUMENT THE DYNAMICS OF THE LAND ICE/FLOATING ICE BOUNDARIES AROUND THE CONTINENT; 4) CONTINUED TIME SERIES OF ICE-SHEET-WIDE ANNUAL MAPS OF ICE MOTION; AND 5) REVISED LAND ICE/FLOATING ICE/DRAINAGE BOUNDARIES SINCE THE 2007-2009 INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR USING NEWER CONSTRAINTS. THESE ESDRS WILL BE UNIQUE (BED TOPOGRAPHY AND ICE THICKNESS)  OF HIGHER QUALITY (LOWER ERROR BARS)  LOWER LATENCY (EVERY 4 MONTHS INSTEAD OF ANNUAL)  AND WITH 12-TIME HIGHER TEMPORAL RESOLUTION THAN IN THE PAST. THE ESDRS WILL BE GENERATED USING AN AUTOMATED CHAIN OF PROCESSING  EXTENSIVELY TESTED AND VETTED PRIOR PROJECTS  THAT SEAMLESSLY INGESTS MULTI-SENSOR AND MULTI-BASELINE DATA  AND FOR WHICH WE ELIMINATED RISKS. THE NEW BED MAP  NAMED BEDMACHINE ANTARCTICA  WILL BE AT AN UNPRECEDENTED LEVEL OF SPATIAL DETAILS (450 M POSTING) AND PRECISION (50-60 M) AND THE FIRST ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET WIDE PRODUCT THAT MERGES WITH BATHYMETRY PRODUCTS OFFSHORE AND CONSERVES MASS ON LAND  AS NEEDED FOR ICE SHEET MODELING. WE DEMONSTRATED THAT METHODOLOGY IN GREENLAND AND HAVE THE EXPERTISE AND OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS TO APPLY IT TO ANTARCTICA. THE MONTHLY ICE MOTION MAPS WILL DOCUMENT ICE SHEET WIDE CHANGES IN GLACIER ACTIVITY  ENABLING A NEW GENERATION OF ICE SHEET MODELS TO ASSIMILATE A DENSE  COMPREHENSIVE SET OF CRITICAL OBSERVATIONS LIKE NEVER DONE BEFORE. THE ANNUAL MAPS OF GROUNDING LINE POSITIONS WILL INFORM MODELERS ABOUT THE MOST CRITICAL BOUNDARY BETWEEN OCEAN AND ICE. USING THE NEWEST DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS OF THE ICE SHEET SURFACE FROM DLR S TANDEM-X IN 2017 AND THE WORLD VIEW REFERENCE ELEVATION MODEL OF ANTARCTICA (REMA) IN 2018  A HIGH-PRECISION (15 CM/YR PRECISION) MAP OF ICE MOTION USING INTERFEROMETRIC PHASE DATA FROM MULTIPLE SATELLITES  AIRBORNE DATA FROM NASA S OPERATION ICEBRIDGE  ELEVATION CHANGE MAPS FROM ICESAT-1/OIB/ ICESAT-2/CRYOSAT-2  AND OUTPUT PRODUCTS FROM REGIONAL ATMOSPHERIC CLIMATE MODELS  WE WILL UPDATE EXITING DRAINAGE BOUNDARIES  SEA LEVEL EQUIVALENCE  ICE FRONT POSITIONS  AND DEPTH OF SUBGLACIAL CHANNELS OCCUPIED BY ICE STREAMS ACROSS ANTARCTICA FOR THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. TOWARD THE END OF THE PROJECT  WE WILL TRANSITION TO GENERATING ESDRS FROM THE NASA/INDIAN SPACE RESEARCH ORGANIZATION (ISRO) NISAR MISSION  EFFECTIVELY PREPARING OURSELVES AND THE COMMUNITY FOR THIS MISSION THAT WILL PROVIDE EVEN GREATER ACCESS TO OBSERVATIONS OF THE ICE SHEETS. THESE ESDRS WILL RESPOND TO CRITICAL NEEDS FROM THE MODELING COMMUNITY AND THE BROAD SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY INTERESTED IN UNDERSTANDING THE EVOLUTION OF ICE SHEETS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO SEA LEVEL. THE ESDRS WILL IMPROVE THE CAPABILITIES OF NUMERICAL MODELS TO PROJECT THE FUTURE CONTRIBUTION OF ICE SHEETS TO SEA LEVEL RISE AND INFORM THE PUBLIC AND POLICY MAKERS. OVERALL  THE PROJECT WILL SERVE NASA'S EARTH SCIENCE GOAL TO STUDY THE EVOLUTION OF THE EARTH'S ICE MASSES AND THEIR IMPACT ON SEA LEVEL CHANGE.","funder_award_id":"80NSSC18M0083","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332688","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204029564.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204029564.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45233006","https://openalex.org/W1482044794","https://openalex.org/W1498234436","https://openalex.org/W1498482216","https://openalex.org/W1499549225","https://openalex.org/W1502753867","https://openalex.org/W1518215698","https://openalex.org/W1520645831","https://openalex.org/W1527305225","https://openalex.org/W1536320253","https://openalex.org/W1541650664","https://openalex.org/W1558742170","https://openalex.org/W1567490977","https://openalex.org/W1585151211","https://openalex.org/W1617020269","https://openalex.org/W1649293594","https://openalex.org/W1704627577","https://openalex.org/W1747761003","https://openalex.org/W1779636443","https://openalex.org/W1781084009","https://openalex.org/W1809469167","https://openalex.org/W1920241089","https://openalex.org/W1966147129","https://openalex.org/W1969327735","https://openalex.org/W1974665725","https://openalex.org/W1980858463","https://openalex.org/W1982616895","https://openalex.org/W1985949840","https://openalex.org/W1987695312","https://openalex.org/W1989199622","https://openalex.org/W1993091516","https://openalex.org/W1998242458","https://openalex.org/W2000409062","https://openalex.org/W2002080383","https://openalex.org/W2003371436","https://openalex.org/W2004007436","https://openalex.org/W2007939845","https://openalex.org/W2011129086","https://openalex.org/W2011726212","https://openalex.org/W2013644437","https://openalex.org/W2015465891","https://openalex.org/W2016859302","https://openalex.org/W2024880691","https://openalex.org/W2025545919","https://openalex.org/W2030215116","https://openalex.org/W2030594694","https://openalex.org/W2038237304","https://openalex.org/W2041414130","https://openalex.org/W2044470142","https://openalex.org/W2050175553","https://openalex.org/W2055734101","https://openalex.org/W2056294409","https://openalex.org/W2061839064","https://openalex.org/W2063323377","https://openalex.org/W2068024087","https://openalex.org/W2071341963","https://openalex.org/W2075344914","https://openalex.org/W2078542147","https://openalex.org/W2080106349","https://openalex.org/W2084481702","https://openalex.org/W2088843051","https://openalex.org/W2090685404","https://openalex.org/W2104706002","https://openalex.org/W2104976499","https://openalex.org/W2115242613","https://openalex.org/W2115365480","https://openalex.org/W2115936040","https://openalex.org/W2120364956","https://openalex.org/W2129301216","https://openalex.org/W2142226862","https://openalex.org/W2148893254","https://openalex.org/W2152729758","https://openalex.org/W2153328173","https://openalex.org/W2153574897","https://openalex.org/W2155951929","https://openalex.org/W2159400622","https://openalex.org/W2165653028","https://openalex.org/W2167421857","https://openalex.org/W2168425262","https://openalex.org/W2170211540","https://openalex.org/W2172150668","https://openalex.org/W2252934916","https://openalex.org/W2270437352","https://openalex.org/W2315506531","https://openalex.org/W2322453531","https://openalex.org/W2587278623","https://openalex.org/W2605739353","https://openalex.org/W2606781863","https://openalex.org/W2734550207","https://openalex.org/W2734939667","https://openalex.org/W2755431016","https://openalex.org/W2766760604","https://openalex.org/W2792140334","https://openalex.org/W2800958862","https://openalex.org/W2808447386","https://openalex.org/W2898398677","https://openalex.org/W2908740848","https://openalex.org/W2982230884","https://openalex.org/W2996572161","https://openalex.org/W3015986450","https://openalex.org/W4246546697","https://openalex.org/W4249696354","https://openalex.org/W4289257502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4213339953","https://openalex.org/W2068024087","https://openalex.org/W4386931216","https://openalex.org/W2282037687","https://openalex.org/W2000409062","https://openalex.org/W3093372383","https://openalex.org/W2606781863","https://openalex.org/W2556020347","https://openalex.org/W4220880507","https://openalex.org/W2301732489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,134],"sudden":[1],"propagation":[2,69],"of":[3,24,32,44,62,79,91,118,125,139],"a":[4,39,156,162],"major":[5,157],"preexisting":[6,99],"rift":[7,65],"(full-thickness":[8],"crack)":[9],"in":[10,28,96,176],"late":[11],"2016":[12],"on":[13,36,132],"the":[14,22,33,42,45,54,60,63,77,80,92,110,119,122,126,140,152,196],"Larsen":[15],"C":[16],"Ice":[17],"Shelf,":[18],"Antarctica":[19],"led":[20,58],"to":[21,59,85,145,150,189],"calving":[23,158],"tabular":[25],"iceberg":[26],"A68":[27,64],"July":[29],"2017,":[30],"one":[31],"largest":[34],"icebergs":[35],"record,":[37],"posing":[38],"threat":[40],"for":[41],"stability":[43],"remaining":[46],"ice":[47,52,81,86,93,104,141,168,177,184,197],"shelf.":[48],"As":[49],"with":[50,128],"other":[51],"shelves,":[53],"physical":[55],"processes":[56],"that":[57,103,137,171],"activation":[61,181],"and":[66,89,97,154,167],"controlled":[67],"its":[68],"have":[70],"not":[71,108,173],"been":[72,174],"elucidated.":[73],"Here,":[74],"we":[75],"model":[76],"response":[78],"shelf":[82,87,105,169,185,198],"stress":[83],"balance":[84],"thinning":[88,90,106,117,138],"m\u00e9lange":[94,120,142],"encased":[95],"around":[98],"rifts.":[100],"We":[101],"find":[102],"does":[107],"reactivate":[109,151],"rifts,":[111],"but":[112],"heals":[113],"them.":[114],"In":[115],"contrast,":[116],"controls":[121],"opening":[123],"rate":[124],"rift,":[127],"an":[129],"above-linear":[130],"dependence":[131],"thinning.":[133],"simulations":[135],"indicate":[136],"by":[143,192],"10":[144],"20":[146],"m":[147],"is":[148],"sufficient":[149],"rifts":[153],"trigger":[155],"event,":[159],"thereby":[160],"establishing":[161],"link":[163],"between":[164],"climate":[165],"forcing":[166],"retreat":[170,186],"has":[172],"included":[175],"sheet":[178],"models.":[179],"Rift":[180],"could":[182],"initiate":[183],"decades":[187],"prior":[188],"hydrofracture":[190],"caused":[191],"water":[193],"ponding":[194],"at":[195],"surface.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}
