{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203552886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","title":"Hydrothermal Depolymerization of Kraft Lignins with Green C 1 \u2013C 3 Alcohol\u2013Water Mixtures","display_name":"Hydrothermal Depolymerization of Kraft Lignins with Green C 1 \u2013C 3 Alcohol\u2013Water Mixtures","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203552886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","mag":"3203552886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","pdf_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186935893","display_name":"Energy & Fuels","issn_l":"0887-0624","issn":["0887-0624","1520-5029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy & Fuels","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064827247","display_name":"Ming Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6826-2942","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6826-2942"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6826-2942","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007110067","display_name":"Riku Maltari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-430X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-430X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riku Maltari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421987","display_name":"Rui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9963-3219","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9963-3219"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018770149","display_name":"Jussi Kontro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1198-1540","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1198-1540"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jussi Kontro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056123905","display_name":"Enlu Ma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enlu Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030844947","display_name":"Timo Repo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3116-6199","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3116-6199"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Timo Repo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3116-6199","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Post Office Box 55, FI-00140 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030844947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5000},"apc_paid":{"value":5000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5000},"fwci":0.5929,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52342286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"19","first_page":"15770","last_page":"15777"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11208","display_name":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11208","display_name":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10171","display_name":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-depolymerization","display_name":"lignin depolymerization","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kraft-lignin","display_name":"kraft lignin","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-solvents","display_name":"green solvents","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkali-lignin","display_name":"alkali lignin","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guaiacol","display_name":"guaiacol","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-o-4-linkage-cleavage","display_name":"\u03b2-O-4 bond cleavage","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-oligomers","display_name":"lignin oligomers","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-monomers","display_name":"lignin monomers","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repolymerization","display_name":"repolymerization","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49852136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906487","display_name":"Depolymerization","level":2,"score":0.9697631597518921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184817","display_name":"Lignin","level":2,"score":0.7869904041290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166940927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178827","display_name":"Monomer","level":3,"score":0.6968730688095093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6898502707481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6184451580047607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5874049067497253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780471494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146505","display_name":"Solvent","level":2,"score":0.5630955100059509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779970684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11567121","display_name":"Char","level":3,"score":0.5602178573608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780199054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412403","display_name":"Guaiacol","level":3,"score":0.4706287384033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99148416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755609","display_name":"Kraft paper","level":2,"score":0.412993848323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.3888677656650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3261796236038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.32016128301620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.19615918397903442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.15222659707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.13287311792373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","pdf_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186935893","display_name":"Energy & Fuels","issn_l":"0887-0624","issn":["0887-0624","1520-5029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy & Fuels","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/336204","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/336204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ddh","jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","pdf_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01968","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186935893","display_name":"Energy & Fuels","issn_l":"0887-0624","issn":["0887-0624","1520-5029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy & Fuels","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.833299994468689,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G851324943","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201608610132","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203552886.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1274833258","https://openalex.org/W1977548550","https://openalex.org/W1998548865","https://openalex.org/W2006771628","https://openalex.org/W2007055880","https://openalex.org/W2015023129","https://openalex.org/W2031789679","https://openalex.org/W2034936049","https://openalex.org/W2035760375","https://openalex.org/W2039463015","https://openalex.org/W2054491346","https://openalex.org/W2055826339","https://openalex.org/W2058706108","https://openalex.org/W2062007830","https://openalex.org/W2085039601","https://openalex.org/W2106743921","https://openalex.org/W2128108437","https://openalex.org/W2165823311","https://openalex.org/W2206654391","https://openalex.org/W2252999607","https://openalex.org/W2253879798","https://openalex.org/W2321464653","https://openalex.org/W2327473298","https://openalex.org/W2327824325","https://openalex.org/W2330573573","https://openalex.org/W2412888405","https://openalex.org/W2528599146","https://openalex.org/W2529594663","https://openalex.org/W2560134545","https://openalex.org/W2572086266","https://openalex.org/W2588064525","https://openalex.org/W2619558360","https://openalex.org/W2622846900","https://openalex.org/W2625103936","https://openalex.org/W2736634636","https://openalex.org/W2752836524","https://openalex.org/W2768196420","https://openalex.org/W2782590469","https://openalex.org/W2784564360","https://openalex.org/W2809072747","https://openalex.org/W2884294420","https://openalex.org/W2907604270","https://openalex.org/W2942920123","https://openalex.org/W2945178565","https://openalex.org/W2952529633","https://openalex.org/W2956085939","https://openalex.org/W2963062282","https://openalex.org/W2994292749","https://openalex.org/W2996670753","https://openalex.org/W3000699372","https://openalex.org/W3010802945","https://openalex.org/W3026214301","https://openalex.org/W3026322930","https://openalex.org/W3041582444","https://openalex.org/W3090247089","https://openalex.org/W3094321166","https://openalex.org/W3095335987","https://openalex.org/W3096808997","https://openalex.org/W3136788200"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386517946","https://openalex.org/W2421611423","https://openalex.org/W7056895356","https://openalex.org/W3004881908","https://openalex.org/W4210564347","https://openalex.org/W3158227109","https://openalex.org/W6982276274","https://openalex.org/W4313215857","https://openalex.org/W1559416849","https://openalex.org/W3025475561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"Resolution":[1],"Image":[2],"Download":[3],"MS":[4],"PowerPoint":[5],"Slide":[6],"Lignin":[7],"is":[8,103],"a":[9,28,70,89,99,155,180],"potential":[10],"renewable":[11],"raw":[12],"material":[13],"for":[14],"synthesis":[15],"of":[16,30,58,72,91,122,131,146,158,189],"aromatic":[17],"molecules":[18],"and":[19,32,65,81,96,138,162,170,185],"materials.":[20],"Particularly,":[21],"Kraft-type":[22],"lignins":[23,62],"are":[24,37],"abundantly":[25],"available":[26],"as":[27,83,98],"byproduct":[29],"wood":[31],"paper":[33],"industries.":[34],"Currently,":[35],"there":[36],"practically":[38],"no":[39],"valuable":[40],"products":[41],"made":[42],"using":[43,68],"this":[44,49,196],"highly":[45],"complex":[46],"polymer.":[47],"Within":[48],"work,":[50],"we":[51],"have":[52],"investigated":[53],"the":[54,151,159,166],"straightforward,":[55],"high-yield":[56],"depolymerization":[57,167],"two":[59],"different":[60],"technical":[61],"(Indulin":[63],"AT":[64],"alkaline":[66],"lignin)":[67],"only":[69],"mixture":[71],"green":[73],"short-chain":[74],"(C":[75],"1":[76],"\u2013C":[77],"3":[78],")":[79],"alcohols":[80],"water":[82],"solvents.":[84],"As":[85],"shown":[86],"here,":[87],"at":[88],"temperature":[90],"220":[92],"\u00b0C,":[93],"autogenous":[94],"pressure,":[95],"isopropanol/water":[97,152],"co-solvent":[100],"medium,":[101],"it":[102],"possible":[104],"to":[105],"cleave":[106],"Kraft":[107],"lignin":[108,147,171],"without":[109],"char-forming":[110],"side":[111],"reactions.":[112],"The":[113,177],"obtained":[114],"so-called":[115],"\u201clight\u201d":[116],"oil":[117],"contains":[118],"guaiacol-based":[119],"monomeric":[120],"units":[121],"23":[123],"wt":[124,133],"%":[125,134],"yield":[126,135],"together":[127],"with":[128,173,195],"liquid":[129],"oligomers":[130],"13":[132],"combining":[136],"liquid\u2013liquid":[137],"solid\u2013liquid":[139],"extraction.":[140],"Two-dimensional":[141],"nuclear":[142],"magnetic":[143],"resonance":[144],"analysis":[145],"residues":[148,172],"showed":[149],"that":[150],"treatment":[153],"caused":[154],"marked":[156],"breakdown":[157],"intermolecular":[160],"\u03b2\u2013O\u20134":[161],"\u03b2\u2013\u03b2":[163],"bonds;":[164],"thus,":[165],"produced":[168],"monomers":[169],"lower":[174],"molecular":[175],"weight.":[176],"results":[178],"suggested":[179],"synergistic":[181],"effect":[182],"between":[183],"isopropanol":[184],"water.":[186],"No":[187],"sign":[188],"repolymerization":[190],"reactions":[191],"could":[192],"be":[193],"observed":[194],"process.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}