{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202808551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","title":"Barriers and facilitators to accessing tuberculosis care in Nepal: a qualitative study to inform the design of a socioeconomic support intervention","display_name":"Barriers and facilitators to accessing tuberculosis care in Nepal: a qualitative study to inform the design of a socioeconomic support intervention","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202808551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","mag":"3202808551","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34598986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","pdf_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/11/10/e049900.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79054089","display_name":"BMJ Open","issn_l":"2044-6055","issn":["2044-6055"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/11/10/e049900.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048174136","display_name":"Kritika Dixit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7957-8109","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7957-8109"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kritika Dixit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7957-8109","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074021721","display_name":"Olivia Biermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-0211","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-0211"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivia Biermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-0211","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079244335","display_name":"Bhola Rai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7421-4891","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7421-4891"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhola Rai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043544258","display_name":"Tara Prasad Aryal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-8135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-8135"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tara Prasad Aryal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104127699","display_name":"Gokul Mishra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gokul Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081411375","display_name":"Noemia Teixeira de Siqueira-Filha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-8561","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-8561"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noemia Teixeira de Siqueira-Filha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK","Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-8561","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108825475","display_name":"Puskar Raj Paudel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260461","display_name":"KNCV TB Plus","ror":"https://ror.org/03shjds31","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Puskar Raj Paudel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020631037","display_name":"Ram Narayan Pandit","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram Narayan Pandit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052004855","display_name":"Manoj Kumar Sah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8043-0227","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8043-0227"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Kumar Sah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018051576","display_name":"Govinda Majhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8536-8485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8536-8485"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Govinda Majhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041217938","display_name":"Jens Levy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5676-2990","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5676-2990"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260461","display_name":"KNCV TB Plus","ror":"https://ror.org/03shjds31","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":["KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014274469","display_name":"Job van Rest","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-6306","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-6306"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260461","display_name":"KNCV TB Plus","ror":"https://ror.org/03shjds31","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Job van Rest","raw_affiliation_strings":["KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030135150","display_name":"Suman Chandra Gurung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4012-7562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4012-7562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suman Chandra Gurung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030729470","display_name":"Raghu Dhital","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-6323","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-6323"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raghu Dhital","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091501202","display_name":"Knut L\u00f6nnroth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-0256","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-0256"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Knut L\u00f6nnroth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023828847","display_name":"S. Bertel Squire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-9038","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-9038"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270996","display_name":"Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/01pd4a160","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270996"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Bertel Squire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064682253","display_name":"Maxine Caws","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9109-350X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9109-350X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxine Caws","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Birat Nepal Medical Trust (BNMT), Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029627195","display_name":"Kristi Sidney Annerstedt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-4027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-4027"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristi Sidney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014886171","display_name":"Tom Wingfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8433-6887","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8433-6887"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270996","display_name":"Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/01pd4a160","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270996"]}],"countries":["GB","SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tom Wingfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8433-6887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Clinical Sciences and International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014886171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184","https://openalex.org/I28166907","https://openalex.org/I4405270996"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1839},"apc_paid":{"value":1500,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1839},"fwci":2.6614,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91981272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"e049900","last_page":"e049900"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13633","display_name":"Public Health and Social Inequalities","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-barriers","display_name":"socioeconomic barriers","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tb-stigma","display_name":"TB stigma","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catastrophic-health-expenditure","display_name":"catastrophic health expenditure","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cash-transfers","display_name":"cash transfers","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosocial-support","display_name":"psychosocial support","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-treatment-adherence","display_name":"tuberculosis treatment adherence","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nepal","display_name":"Nepal","score":0.7699999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7833250761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.6596661806106567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.6459229588508606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5743996500968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.5361679792404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168285401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427245","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","level":2,"score":0.5134580731391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150966472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3410145","display_name":"Psychosocial","level":2,"score":0.5099459886550903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.4933907091617584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4634210169315338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.42236781120300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.4085512161254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2806350588798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.23164835572242737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1517917513847351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009390","descriptor_name":"Nepal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009390","descriptor_name":"Nepal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009390","descriptor_name":"Nepal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009390","descriptor_name":"Nepal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D036301","descriptor_name":"Qualitative Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036301","descriptor_name":"Qualitative Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036301","descriptor_name":"Qualitative Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036301","descriptor_name":"Qualitative Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","pdf_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/11/10/e049900.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79054089","display_name":"BMJ Open","issn_l":"2044-6055","issn":["2044-6055"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34598986","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34598986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ open","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.lstmed.ac.uk:19487","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/19487/1/bmjopen-2021-049900%20TWingfield.pdf","pdf_url":"https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/19487/1/bmjopen-2021-049900%20TWingfield.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400185","display_name":"LSTM Online Archive (Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","host_organization_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMJ open","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:178920","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/178920/1/e049900.full.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/178920/1/e049900.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8488704","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8488704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a0d725f658944e778ea6b1b77b815283","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a0d725f658944e778ea6b1b77b815283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss 10 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049900","pdf_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/11/10/e049900.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79054089","display_name":"BMJ Open","issn_l":"2044-6055","issn":["2044-6055"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9922999739646912},{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.8928999900817871},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.7300000190734863}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1684583937","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CL-2015-07-002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G361574396","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SGL017\\1031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320241","funder_display_name":"Academy of Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5825538975","display_name":"Developing a locally-appropriate socioeconomic support package for TB-affected households in Nepal: a seed project to inform the END-TB trial","funder_award_id":"209075/Z/17/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G745302621","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MR/V004832/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320234","display_name":"Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/03zhs2308"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320241","display_name":"Academy of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00c489v88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202808551.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202808551.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151433893","https://openalex.org/W197737186","https://openalex.org/W646529589","https://openalex.org/W1955737261","https://openalex.org/W1961134064","https://openalex.org/W1975654711","https://openalex.org/W1979162363","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1994009494","https://openalex.org/W1997866269","https://openalex.org/W2003672210","https://openalex.org/W2014573838","https://openalex.org/W2042680533","https://openalex.org/W2088706669","https://openalex.org/W2095618448","https://openalex.org/W2105768910","https://openalex.org/W2107112569","https://openalex.org/W2124548124","https://openalex.org/W2125168028","https://openalex.org/W2127301220","https://openalex.org/W2133928209","https://openalex.org/W2138664283","https://openalex.org/W2145037536","https://openalex.org/W2160805609","https://openalex.org/W2168596617","https://openalex.org/W2175529291","https://openalex.org/W2253073988","https://openalex.org/W2278279580","https://openalex.org/W2305278139","https://openalex.org/W2306982184","https://openalex.org/W2323097984","https://openalex.org/W2326761415","https://openalex.org/W2342799495","https://openalex.org/W2345631887","https://openalex.org/W2418989119","https://openalex.org/W2419169710","https://openalex.org/W2516087015","https://openalex.org/W2521092842","https://openalex.org/W2533279624","https://openalex.org/W2560931542","https://openalex.org/W2571884063","https://openalex.org/W2593960009","https://openalex.org/W2765275758","https://openalex.org/W2768880881","https://openalex.org/W2787616599","https://openalex.org/W2793400932","https://openalex.org/W2794319597","https://openalex.org/W2890823022","https://openalex.org/W2896586958","https://openalex.org/W2906525128","https://openalex.org/W2908949990","https://openalex.org/W2913646061","https://openalex.org/W2916821738","https://openalex.org/W2923331706","https://openalex.org/W2928371264","https://openalex.org/W2943612867","https://openalex.org/W2949143937","https://openalex.org/W2963523944","https://openalex.org/W2994142261","https://openalex.org/W2999195718","https://openalex.org/W3004421376","https://openalex.org/W3034428549","https://openalex.org/W3086610119","https://openalex.org/W3117348552"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2511633412","https://openalex.org/W1508468526","https://openalex.org/W4294536920","https://openalex.org/W3148130686","https://openalex.org/W2735604125","https://openalex.org/W2037749514","https://openalex.org/W2163175145","https://openalex.org/W2411338097","https://openalex.org/W2083246719","https://openalex.org/W2375836089"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Psychosocial":[1],"and":[2,9,28,85,99,108,130,154,158,163,172,177,181,197,200,203,228,239,247,278,287],"economic":[3],"(socioeconomic)":[4],"barriers,":[5],"including":[6,122,186],"poverty,":[7],"stigma":[8,286],"catastrophic":[10],"costs,":[11,285],"impede":[12],"access":[13],"to":[14,23,36,54,146,168,194,245,263],"tuberculosis":[15],"(TB)":[16],"services":[17,33,149,173,251],"in":[18,34,79,93,256,295,300],"low-income":[19],"countries.":[20],"We":[21],"aimed":[22],"characterise":[24],"the":[25,38,137,211,242,265],"socioeconomic":[26,44,144,243,269],"barriers":[27,145,244],"facilitators":[29,167],"of":[30,40,64,106,267,280],"accessing":[31,147,169,246],"TB":[32,125,132,139,148,152,170,180,182,213,224,250,288],"Nepal":[35],"inform":[37,264],"design":[39,266],"a":[41,103,268,296],"locally":[42,237],"appropriate":[43,238],"support":[45,202,220,270],"intervention":[46,271,282],"for":[47,272],"TB-affected":[48,254,273],"households.":[49,274],"DESIGN:":[50],"From":[51],"August":[52],"2018":[53],"July":[55],"2019,":[56],"we":[57],"conducted":[58,92,114],"an":[59],"exploratory":[60],"qualitative":[61],"study":[62,90,299],"consisting":[63],"semistructured":[65],"focus":[66],"group":[67],"discussions":[68],"(FGDs)":[69],"with":[70,115,124,206,249],"purposively":[71],"selected":[72],"multisectoral":[73],"stakeholders.":[74],"The":[75,89,142,165,258,275],"data":[76],"were":[77,113],"managed":[78],"NVivo":[80],"V.12,":[81],"coded":[82],"by":[83,120,253],"consensus":[84],"analysed":[86],"thematically.":[87],"SETTING:":[88],"was":[91],"four":[94],"districts,":[95],"Makwanpur,":[96],"Chitwan,":[97],"Dhanusha":[98],"Mahottari,":[100],"which":[101],"have":[102,260],"high":[104,156],"prevalence":[105],"poverty":[107],"TB.":[109],"PARTICIPANTS:":[110],"Seven":[111],"FGDs":[112],"54":[116],"in-country":[117],"stakeholders,":[118,121],"grouped":[119],"people":[123],"(n=21),":[126],"community":[127],"stakeholders":[128],"(n=13)":[129],"multidisciplinary":[131],"healthcare":[133],"professionals":[134],"(n=20)":[135],"from":[136,210],"National":[138,212],"Programme.":[140,214],"RESULTS:":[141],"perceived":[143,166],"were:":[150,174],"inadequate":[151],"knowledge":[153],"advocacy;":[155],"food":[157,196],"transportation":[159],"costs;":[160,199],"income":[161],"loss":[162],"stigma.":[164],"care":[171],"enhanced":[175],"championing":[176],"awareness-raising":[178],"about":[179],"services;":[183],"social":[184],"protection":[185],"health":[187],"insurance;":[188],"cash,":[189],"vouchers":[190],"and/or":[191],"nutritional":[192],"allowance":[193],"cover":[195],"travel":[198],"psychosocial":[201,226],"counselling":[204,209,227],"integrated":[205],"existing":[207,231],"adherence":[208],"CONCLUSION:":[215],"These":[216],"results":[217],"suggest":[218],"that":[219,222],"interventions":[221],"integrate":[223],"education,":[225],"expand":[229],"on":[230,283],"cash":[232],"transfer":[233],"schemes":[234],"would":[235],"be":[236],"could":[240],"address":[241],"engaging":[248],"faced":[252],"households":[255],"Nepal.":[257,301],"findings":[259],"been":[261],"used":[262],"acceptability,":[276],"feasibility":[277],"impact":[279],"this":[281],"TB-related":[284],"treatment":[289],"outcomes,":[290],"is":[291],"now":[292],"being":[293],"evaluated":[294],"pilot":[297],"implementation":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-21T09:56:26.102985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
