{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202467697","doi":null,"title":"Filarial nematodes protect against malaria in a murine co-infection model","display_name":"Filarial nematodes protect against malaria in a murine co-infection model","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202467697","mag":"3202467697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bonndoc.ulb.uni-bonn.de:20.500.11811/3674","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3674","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3674","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402493","display_name":"bonndoc (University of Bonn)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","host_organization_name":"University of Bonn","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3674","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027178683","display_name":"Daniel Fernandez\u2010Ruiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-9121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-9121"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Fernandez\u2010Ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-9121","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027178683"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10091","display_name":"Malaria Research and Control","score":0.7240999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10091","display_name":"Malaria Research and Control","score":0.7240999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10695","display_name":"Parasites and Host Interactions","score":0.1462000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11702","display_name":"Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment","score":0.11410000175237656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filarial-nematodes","display_name":"filarial nematodes","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malaria","display_name":"malaria","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmodium-berghei-anka","display_name":"Plasmodium berghei ANKA","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/litomosoides-sigmodontis","display_name":"Litomosoides sigmodontis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-10","display_name":"IL-10","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-malaria","display_name":"cerebral malaria","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd8-t-cells","display_name":"CD8+ T cells","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microfilaremia","display_name":"microfilaremia","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunomodulation","display_name":"immunomodulation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sporozoite-challenge","display_name":"sporozoite challenge","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-stage","display_name":"liver stage","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-background","display_name":"genetic background","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balb-c-mice","display_name":"BALB/c mice","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c57bl-6-mice","display_name":"C57BL/6 mice","score":0.9850000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156","display_name":"Malaria","level":2,"score":0.7511220574378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.47960031032562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.468971848487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3626444339752197}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:bonndoc.ulb.uni-bonn.de:20.500.11811/3674","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3674","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3674","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402493","display_name":"bonndoc (University of Bonn)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","host_organization_name":"University of Bonn","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},{"id":"mag:3202467697","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://bonndoc.ulb.uni-bonn.de/xmlui/handle/20.500.11811/3674","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bonndoc.ulb.uni-bonn.de:20.500.11811/3674","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3674","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3674","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402493","display_name":"bonndoc (University of Bonn)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","host_organization_name":"University of Bonn","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.979200005531311}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202467697.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202467697.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":276,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6427041","https://openalex.org/W67141443","https://openalex.org/W79314742","https://openalex.org/W84501959","https://openalex.org/W190349426","https://openalex.org/W1487287383","https://openalex.org/W1492482164","https://openalex.org/W1494461279","https://openalex.org/W1498061816","https://openalex.org/W1498725227","https://openalex.org/W1499527462","https://openalex.org/W1499589035","https://openalex.org/W1511533680","https://openalex.org/W1517658874","https://openalex.org/W1522382197","https://openalex.org/W1526526979","https://openalex.org/W1527242724","https://openalex.org/W1532851064","https://openalex.org/W1535550362","https://openalex.org/W1542027976","https://openalex.org/W1547288589","https://openalex.org/W1558104450","https://openalex.org/W1565355901","https://openalex.org/W1575114551","https://openalex.org/W1576515768","https://openalex.org/W1586942665","https://openalex.org/W1587849076","https://openalex.org/W1588145372","https://openalex.org/W1591161561","https://openalex.org/W1599436637","https://openalex.org/W1603126127","https://openalex.org/W1607744302","https://openalex.org/W1610233406","https://openalex.org/W1657567895","https://openalex.org/W1671840178","https://openalex.org/W1694898543","https://openalex.org/W1766031579","https://openalex.org/W1767597908","https://openalex.org/W1782561717","https://openalex.org/W1804367091","https://openalex.org/W1837825441","https://openalex.org/W1877878416","https://openalex.org/W1898868640","https://openalex.org/W1900999978","https://openalex.org/W1903803599","https://openalex.org/W1917678061","https://openalex.org/W1928985210","https://openalex.org/W1941608919","https://openalex.org/W1941792637","https://openalex.org/W1943665149","https://openalex.org/W1954803072","https://openalex.org/W1961124883","https://openalex.org/W1964223226","https://openalex.org/W1968176172","https://openalex.org/W1972524970","https://openalex.org/W1972867498","https://openalex.org/W1975721615","https://openalex.org/W1977486369","https://openalex.org/W1977979649","https://openalex.org/W1981104958","https://openalex.org/W1985203019","https://openalex.org/W1985507385","https://openalex.org/W1986918666","https://openalex.org/W1988044444","https://openalex.org/W1988128973","https://openalex.org/W1989520718","https://openalex.org/W1992022931","https://openalex.org/W1994427492","https://openalex.org/W1996687646","https://openalex.org/W1997075392","https://openalex.org/W1997275140","https://openalex.org/W1998240361","https://openalex.org/W1998855105","https://openalex.org/W1999475846","https://openalex.org/W1999719987","https://openalex.org/W2000697302","https://openalex.org/W2001343183","https://openalex.org/W2001574304","https://openalex.org/W2001586346","https://openalex.org/W2001912237","https://openalex.org/W2002197941","https://openalex.org/W2002448880","https://openalex.org/W2003472864","https://openalex.org/W2004592479","https://openalex.org/W2004979064","https://openalex.org/W2005234042","https://openalex.org/W2006786031","https://openalex.org/W2007023970","https://openalex.org/W2007759522","https://openalex.org/W2008412280","https://openalex.org/W2008568865","https://openalex.org/W2008874127","https://openalex.org/W2010740840","https://openalex.org/W2011140256","https://openalex.org/W2013575547","https://openalex.org/W2014176178","https://openalex.org/W2014256758","https://openalex.org/W2014916785","https://openalex.org/W2016821270","https://openalex.org/W2018184373","https://openalex.org/W2018195770","https://openalex.org/W2018267078","https://openalex.org/W2018494267","https://openalex.org/W2020637870","https://openalex.org/W2020756282","https://openalex.org/W2022678668","https://openalex.org/W2023120206","https://openalex.org/W2024109048","https://openalex.org/W2025928231","https://openalex.org/W2026483075","https://openalex.org/W2028898424","https://openalex.org/W2029007974","https://openalex.org/W2029993034","https://openalex.org/W2030698557","https://openalex.org/W2031349038","https://openalex.org/W2033388382","https://openalex.org/W2035571780","https://openalex.org/W2036134087","https://openalex.org/W2036422265","https://openalex.org/W2036500213","https://openalex.org/W2037632756","https://openalex.org/W2038689279","https://openalex.org/W2039235248","https://openalex.org/W2040383488","https://openalex.org/W2041647537","https://openalex.org/W2042990852","https://openalex.org/W2045540574","https://openalex.org/W2046568838","https://openalex.org/W2048992607","https://openalex.org/W2049439802","https://openalex.org/W2049946738","https://openalex.org/W2051152590","https://openalex.org/W2051591240","https://openalex.org/W2054276582","https://openalex.org/W2054629245","https://openalex.org/W2057058998","https://openalex.org/W2057096661","https://openalex.org/W2061719311","https://openalex.org/W2062048006","https://openalex.org/W2062573862","https://openalex.org/W2064706357","https://openalex.org/W2064938586","https://openalex.org/W2065021039","https://openalex.org/W2065773719","https://openalex.org/W2066779357","https://openalex.org/W2067494481","https://openalex.org/W2069414703","https://openalex.org/W2070052797","https://openalex.org/W2071224362","https://openalex.org/W2071461046","https://openalex.org/W2071808249","https://openalex.org/W2073541049","https://openalex.org/W2073826397","https://openalex.org/W2075817888","https://openalex.org/W2076169546","https://openalex.org/W2076635129","https://openalex.org/W2076685189","https://openalex.org/W2079041842","https://openalex.org/W2079752861","https://openalex.org/W2083247813","https://openalex.org/W2085077927","https://openalex.org/W2085374906","https://openalex.org/W2085628627","https://openalex.org/W2086386689","https://openalex.org/W2087906282","https://openalex.org/W2088118252","https://openalex.org/W2088304428","https://openalex.org/W2088912695","https://openalex.org/W2089035318","https://openalex.org/W2089653376","https://openalex.org/W2090169073","https://openalex.org/W2091112701","https://openalex.org/W2092482323","https://openalex.org/W2092855664","https://openalex.org/W2093562105","https://openalex.org/W2094654367","https://openalex.org/W2095113266","https://openalex.org/W2095829821","https://openalex.org/W2097210912","https://openalex.org/W2097478032","https://openalex.org/W2097958808","https://openalex.org/W2098487159","https://openalex.org/W2099244599","https://openalex.org/W2099294691","https://openalex.org/W2100667751","https://openalex.org/W2101609487","https://openalex.org/W2102506028","https://openalex.org/W2102596258","https://openalex.org/W2102950218","https://openalex.org/W2103275420","https://openalex.org/W2105311419","https://openalex.org/W2105418996","https://openalex.org/W2106183372","https://openalex.org/W2106510927","https://openalex.org/W2108447481","https://openalex.org/W2109500490","https://openalex.org/W2109721791","https://openalex.org/W2110157183","https://openalex.org/W2111569297","https://openalex.org/W2111732346","https://openalex.org/W2112581716","https://openalex.org/W2114231746","https://openalex.org/W2114272562","https://openalex.org/W2114399341","https://openalex.org/W2115907216","https://openalex.org/W2117001172","https://openalex.org/W2118103211","https://openalex.org/W2118636061","https://openalex.org/W2119668085","https://openalex.org/W2120000058","https://openalex.org/W2123068560","https://openalex.org/W2124232678","https://openalex.org/W2124850308","https://openalex.org/W2125589480","https://openalex.org/W2126113780","https://openalex.org/W2126416098","https://openalex.org/W2126469393","https://openalex.org/W2126906465","https://openalex.org/W2127610512","https://openalex.org/W2128469158","https://openalex.org/W2133484613","https://openalex.org/W2134281092","https://openalex.org/W2138861634","https://openalex.org/W2138900524","https://openalex.org/W2139428609","https://openalex.org/W2139687653","https://openalex.org/W2140431742","https://openalex.org/W2141904666","https://openalex.org/W2145968343","https://openalex.org/W2148044949","https://openalex.org/W2149093163","https://openalex.org/W2150058644","https://openalex.org/W2153447391","https://openalex.org/W2153800928","https://openalex.org/W2154517243","https://openalex.org/W2154939617","https://openalex.org/W2155454804","https://openalex.org/W2159885096","https://openalex.org/W2160310527","https://openalex.org/W2160719755","https://openalex.org/W2161074777","https://openalex.org/W2161951914","https://openalex.org/W2162257455","https://openalex.org/W2162657387","https://openalex.org/W2163569408","https://openalex.org/W2163950155","https://openalex.org/W2164412635","https://openalex.org/W2164554578","https://openalex.org/W2164959246","https://openalex.org/W2165373846","https://openalex.org/W2165931400","https://openalex.org/W2166078822","https://openalex.org/W2166189303","https://openalex.org/W2166515424","https://openalex.org/W2168637154","https://openalex.org/W2169294861","https://openalex.org/W2170323587","https://openalex.org/W2171214022","https://openalex.org/W2171857614","https://openalex.org/W2189204704","https://openalex.org/W2189600439","https://openalex.org/W2191654227","https://openalex.org/W2214741401","https://openalex.org/W2258509910","https://openalex.org/W2320544813","https://openalex.org/W2401884140","https://openalex.org/W2405479495","https://openalex.org/W2405962254","https://openalex.org/W2413716832","https://openalex.org/W2430687218","https://openalex.org/W2438721530","https://openalex.org/W2444117382","https://openalex.org/W2462885157","https://openalex.org/W2469333153","https://openalex.org/W3133445018","https://openalex.org/W4313333836"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082107061","https://openalex.org/W2046130408","https://openalex.org/W7099458962","https://openalex.org/W1989520718","https://openalex.org/W2170323587","https://openalex.org/W2053805785","https://openalex.org/W6940803262","https://openalex.org/W185067895","https://openalex.org/W7095463786","https://openalex.org/W1594347621"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Helminth":[0],"infections":[1,35],"such":[2],"as":[3,194,196],"filariasis":[4],"can":[5,51],"be":[6,305],"life":[7],"long":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,48,62,154,242,258,288,307,324],"immunomodulatory":[11],"mechanisms":[12,299,338],"elicited":[13,300,339],"by":[14,21,284,301,318,340,369],"the":[15,22,46,64,74,80,95,131,185,204,219,285,289,309,334,376,385,392],"worms":[16,50,342],"that":[17,331,409],"prevent":[18],"their":[19,216,410],"elimination":[20],"human":[23],"host.":[24,59],"Malaria":[25],"prevalence":[26],"is":[27,41],"frequently":[28],"high":[29,269],"in":[30,55,86,94,184,218,252,256,279,291,360,391,402],"areas":[31],"where":[32],"filarial":[33,75,302,341],"nematode":[34,76],"are":[36,210,397],"endemic,":[37],"originating":[38],"co-infections.":[39],"It":[40],"still":[42],"an":[43],"ongoing":[44],"debate":[45],"extent":[47],"which":[49,374],"alter":[52],"anti-plasmodial":[53],"responses":[54,224,390],"a":[56,70,164,244,361],"concomitantly":[57],"infected":[58,266],"In":[60],"order":[61],"dissect":[63],"interactions":[65],"occurring":[66],"between":[67],"both":[68,346],"parasites,":[69,128,354],"murine":[71,362],"model":[72],"using":[73],"Litomosoides":[77],"sigmodontis":[78],"and":[79,88,107,187,348,355],"malaria":[81,105,235,316,353,417],"parasite":[82],"Plasmodium":[83],"berghei":[84,174,260],"ANKA":[85],"BALB/c":[87,102],"C57BL/6":[89,229,319],"mice":[90,103,150,230,267],"has":[91],"been":[92],"established":[93],"present":[96],"work.":[97],"One":[98],"third":[99],"of":[100,167,189,198,206,213,264,271,345,351],"helminth-infected":[101],"remained":[104],"negative":[106],"did":[108],"not":[109,121],"develop":[110],"detectable":[111],"parasitaemia":[112],"after":[113,123,139,172],"co-infection":[114,124],"with":[115,125,203],"plasmodial":[116,132],"sporozoites.":[117,227],"Such":[118],"outcomes":[119],"were":[120,136,151,161,182],"observed":[122],"blood":[126,220,349],"stage":[127],"thereby":[129],"circumventing":[130],"liver":[133,186,347],"stage,":[134],"but":[135,383,405],"only":[137],"originated":[138],"sporozoite":[140,155,175],"inoculation.":[141],"Protection":[142],"depended":[143],"on":[144,333,372,375,384,416],"IL-10,":[145,373],"since":[146],"IL-10":[147,159,278,292],"deficient":[148],"co-infected":[149,190,253,294],"fully":[152],"susceptible":[153],"challenge.":[156],"However,":[157],"systemic":[158],"levels":[160,270],"low,":[162],"suggesting":[163],"local":[165],"function":[166],"this":[168,328,406],"cytokine.":[169],"44":[170],"h":[171],"P.":[173,259],"inoculation":[176],"increased":[177],"CD8+":[178,199,238],"T":[179,200,239],"cell":[180,240],"numbers":[181,197],"found":[183],"spleen":[188],"mice.":[191,254,295],"Interestingly,":[192],"protection":[193,281],"well":[195],"cells":[201],"correlated":[202],"presence":[205,217],"microfilaraemia.":[207],"Since":[208],"microfilariae":[209],"potent":[211],"stimulators":[212],"immune":[214],"responses,":[215],"may":[221,412],"enhance":[222],"cross-protective":[223],"against":[225,315],"incoming":[226],"Co-infected":[228],"showed":[231],"significantly":[232],"reduced":[233,251],"cerebral":[234],"(CM)":[236],"rates.":[237],"recruitment":[241],"brain,":[243],"critical":[245],"condition":[246],"for":[247,277],"CM":[248,280,380],"development,":[249],"was":[250,282],"Furthermore,":[255],"contrast":[257],"single-infected":[261],"animals,":[262],"groups":[263],"double":[265],"presented":[268],"circulating":[272],"IL-10.":[273],"The":[274,364],"absolute":[275],"requirement":[276],"demonstrated":[283],"total":[286],"susceptibility":[287],"pathology":[290,359],"KO":[293],"Hence":[296],"IL-10-dependent":[297],"immunoregulatory":[298],"nematodes":[303],"might":[304],"able":[306],"suppress":[308],"overwhelming":[310],"inflammatory":[311],"reaction":[312],"usually":[313],"triggered":[314],"parasites":[317],"mice,":[320],"preventing":[321],"full":[322],"progress":[323],"CM.":[325],"Taken":[326],"together,":[327],"work":[329],"shows":[330],"depending":[332],"genetic":[335],"background":[336],"different":[337],"improve":[343],"control":[344],"stages":[350],"concomitant":[352],"moreover":[356],"ameliorate":[357],"severe":[358],"model.":[363],"main":[365],"beneficial":[366],"effects":[367],"driven":[368],"filariae":[370],"rely":[371],"one":[377],"hand":[378],"prevents":[379],"through":[381],"immunomodulation":[382],"other":[386],"enhances":[387],"protective":[388],"anti-malarial":[389],"liver.":[393],"Worm":[394],"eradication":[395],"programs":[396],"currently":[398],"being":[399],"carried":[400],"out":[401],"endemic":[403],"countries,":[404],"study":[407],"suggests":[408],"implementation":[411],"cause":[413],"unpredictable":[414],"consequences":[415],"control.":[418]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}