{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202407538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","title":"Diversity in Selected Leadership Positions in United States Academic Pediatric Gastroenterology Programs","display_name":"Diversity in Selected Leadership Positions in United States Academic Pediatric Gastroenterology Programs","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202407538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","mag":"3202407538","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34620758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197964821","display_name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","issn_l":"0277-2116","issn":["0277-2116","1536-4801"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rinarani Sanghavi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rinarani Sanghavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics Dallas TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics Dallas TX","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Joan Reisch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joan Reisch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Population and Data Sciences UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Population and Data Sciences UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gitit Tomer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135976","display_name":"Children's Hospital at Montefiore","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0fp725","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135976"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gitit Tomer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition The Children's Hospital at Montefiore Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition The Children's Hospital at Montefiore Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210135976"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3031,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88330443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"2","first_page":"244","last_page":"247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-in-medicine","display_name":"diversity in medicine","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-disparities","display_name":"gender disparities","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-positions","display_name":"leadership roles","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-directors","display_name":"program directors","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/department-heads","display_name":"department heads","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fellowship-training","display_name":"fellowship training","score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underrepresentation-of-women","display_name":"underrepresentation of women","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underrepresentation-of-minorities","display_name":"underrepresentation of minorities","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-medicine","display_name":"academic medicine","score":0.4790000021457672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.60589998960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5512999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910734998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25305118","display_name":"Underrepresented Minority","level":2,"score":0.5396000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.501800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2467461","display_name":"Academic department","level":3,"score":0.4936999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992902019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3254959","display_name":"Racial diversity","level":3,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994224047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190656","display_name":"Ethnically diverse","level":3,"score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780831525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Academic medicine","level":2,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776848118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17155058","display_name":"Pediatric gastroenterology","level":3,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780423258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430816","display_name":"Pediatric surgery","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005180","descriptor_name":"Faculty, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005257","descriptor_name":"Fellowships and Scholarships","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005762","descriptor_name":"Gastroenterology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007857","descriptor_name":"Leadership","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010372","descriptor_name":"Pediatrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000003320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197964821","display_name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","issn_l":"0277-2116","issn":["0277-2116","1536-4801"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34620758","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34620758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.6025999784469604,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966237456","https://openalex.org/W1969089620","https://openalex.org/W1972478392","https://openalex.org/W1986378079","https://openalex.org/W2000938388","https://openalex.org/W2003122412","https://openalex.org/W2007494019","https://openalex.org/W2044514254","https://openalex.org/W2071662012","https://openalex.org/W2286701001","https://openalex.org/W2585825189","https://openalex.org/W2883768506","https://openalex.org/W2895913460","https://openalex.org/W2941169997","https://openalex.org/W2977228686","https://openalex.org/W3044151823","https://openalex.org/W3048649440","https://openalex.org/W4235739614"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2585825189","https://openalex.org/W3110229642","https://openalex.org/W2382559412","https://openalex.org/W3118979562","https://openalex.org/W2948117598","https://openalex.org/W2948437196","https://openalex.org/W7150929153","https://openalex.org/W3094301437","https://openalex.org/W4415938509","https://openalex.org/W3129636942"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT:":[0],"Women":[1],"and":[2,17,23,57,81,88,99,122,145,150],"minorities":[3,18],"are":[4],"underrepresented":[5],"in":[6,9,19,24,26,97,125,137],"leadership":[7,21,98,128],"positions":[8,22,149],"academic":[10,29,151],"specialties.":[11],"We":[12,37,44,103,119],"investigated":[13],"representation":[14],"of":[15,48,53,59,67,108],"women":[16],"selected":[20],"fellowships":[25],"North":[27],"American":[28],"pediatric":[30],"gastroenterology":[31],"programs":[32],"(PGP)":[33],"via":[34],"voluntary":[35],"surveys.":[36],"also":[38,100],"assessed":[39],"for":[40,142],"factors":[41],"influencing":[42],"diversity.":[43],"found":[45,104,120],"that":[46],"45.8%":[47],"Program":[49],"Directors":[50],"(PD),":[51],"75%":[52],"division":[54],"chiefs":[55],"(DC),":[56],"71%":[58],"Pediatrics":[60],"department":[61,82,115],"chairs":[62,83],"were":[63,71,75,84],"men.":[64],"Sixty-three":[65],"percentage":[66],"the":[68,93,114],"PG":[69],"fellows":[70],"women.":[72],"Most":[73,78],"DCs":[74],"male":[76],"professors.":[77],"PDs,":[79],"DCs,":[80],"White":[85,111],"(70%,":[86],"80%,":[87],"88.3%),":[89],"with":[90],"Blacks":[91],"being":[92],"least":[94],"represented":[95],"group":[96],"among":[101],"fellows.":[102],"a":[105,110,135],"higher":[106],"likelihood":[107],"having":[109],"PD":[112],"if":[113],"chair":[116],"was":[117],"White.":[118],"gender":[121,144],"racial":[123],"disparities":[124],"all":[126,148],"PGP":[127],"positions.":[129],"This":[130],"data":[131],"can":[132],"serve":[133],"as":[134],"guide":[136],"efforts":[138],"to":[139],"support":[140],"diversity":[141],"both":[143],"race":[146],"at":[147],"ranks.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}
