{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3201852182","doi":null,"title":"Hunter Gatherers and the Crisis of Civilization","display_name":"Hunter Gatherers and the Crisis of Civilization","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3201852182","mag":"3201852182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:fle:journl:v:55:y:2021:i:1:p:35-54","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.annalsfondazioneluigieinaudi.it/images/LV/2021-1-003-gowdy.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.annalsfondazioneluigieinaudi.it/images/LV/2021-1-003-gowdy.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014559906","display_name":"John M. Gowdy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6056-8760","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6056-8760"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John M. Gowdy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6056-8760","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014559906"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"1","first_page":"35","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13741","display_name":"Cross-Cultural and Social Analysis","score":0.600600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13741","display_name":"Cross-Cultural and Social Analysis","score":0.600600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13469","display_name":"Environmental, Ecological, and Cultural Studies","score":0.14790000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10149","display_name":"Anthropological Studies and Insights","score":0.0502999983727932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hunter-gatherers","display_name":"hunter-gatherers","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marshall-sahlins","display_name":"Marshall Sahlins","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egalitarianism","display_name":"egalitarianism","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-formation","display_name":"state formation","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-hierarchy","display_name":"social hierarchy","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-exploitation","display_name":"environmental exploitation","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"inequality","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-nature","display_name":"human nature","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-resource-use","display_name":"sustainable resource use","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-policy","display_name":"environmental policy","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-policy","display_name":"social policy","score":0.8309999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122302079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8432","display_name":"Civilization","level":2,"score":0.7766469120979309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779509574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484416","display_name":"Caste","level":2,"score":0.5697603225708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58051837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27443","display_name":"Hunter-gatherer","level":2,"score":0.5506467819213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95124753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686","display_name":"Environmental ethics","level":1,"score":0.5397513508796692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5346039533615112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29985473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188460","display_name":"Natural resource","level":2,"score":0.4379347562789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43156829476356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.4196948707103729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777938546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5","display_name":"Homo sapiens","level":2,"score":0.4149053394794464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.38023248314857483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3725261688232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3447592258453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2941035032272339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2568245530128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.19443649053573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.1442769169807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11268427968025208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:fle:journl:v:55:y:2021:i:1:p:35-54","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.annalsfondazioneluigieinaudi.it/images/LV/2021-1-003-gowdy.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.annalsfondazioneluigieinaudi.it/images/LV/2021-1-003-gowdy.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:3201852182","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/a/fle/journl/v55y2021i1p35-54.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W144590213","https://openalex.org/W163843481","https://openalex.org/W591871301","https://openalex.org/W646947253","https://openalex.org/W1503952757","https://openalex.org/W1529800964","https://openalex.org/W1535576027","https://openalex.org/W1557661352","https://openalex.org/W1588812431","https://openalex.org/W1636189349","https://openalex.org/W1795886842","https://openalex.org/W1982726131","https://openalex.org/W1982788840","https://openalex.org/W1993282991","https://openalex.org/W2027500823","https://openalex.org/W2028514556","https://openalex.org/W2036953517","https://openalex.org/W2043599581","https://openalex.org/W2058499852","https://openalex.org/W2059632813","https://openalex.org/W2062214857","https://openalex.org/W2071235369","https://openalex.org/W2110024039","https://openalex.org/W2124884997","https://openalex.org/W2152151961","https://openalex.org/W2166677715","https://openalex.org/W2170411204","https://openalex.org/W2292785510","https://openalex.org/W2330340155","https://openalex.org/W2342098990","https://openalex.org/W2460875017","https://openalex.org/W2483778377","https://openalex.org/W2523146270","https://openalex.org/W2605674913","https://openalex.org/W2806731609","https://openalex.org/W2889435254"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205638139","https://openalex.org/W2029947913","https://openalex.org/W2301539345","https://openalex.org/W1557661352","https://openalex.org/W4301027265","https://openalex.org/W32581281","https://openalex.org/W2605192074","https://openalex.org/W1970889040","https://openalex.org/W3039615069","https://openalex.org/W279967983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stone":[0],"Age":[1],"Economics":[2],"initiated":[3],"a":[4,23],"lively":[5],"debate":[6],"about":[7],"the":[8,20,44,61,82,93,102,150,163],"quality":[9],"of":[10,26,47,64,79,92],"hunter-gatherer":[11,176],"life":[12],"that":[13,105,128],"has":[14,36,86,96,182],"now":[15],"lasted":[16],"fifty":[17],"years.":[18],"Since":[19],"initial":[21],"debates":[22],"large":[24],"body":[25],"ethnographic":[27],"evidence,":[28],"and":[29,57,70,77,90,100,109,138,140,143,188],"modern":[30,107],"techniques":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33,179],"DNA":[34],"analysis,":[35],"confirmed":[37],"Marshall":[38],"Sahlins\u2019":[39],"basic":[40],"insights.":[41],"Prior":[42],"to":[43,135,149],"widespread":[45],"adoption":[46],"agriculture":[48,69,108],"human":[49,151],"societies":[50,72,145],"were":[51],"characterized":[52],"by":[53],"egalitarian":[54],"social":[55,180,189],"structures":[56],"economies":[58,177],"based":[59],"on":[60],"sustainable":[62],"use":[63],"environmental":[65,187],"resources.":[66],"Only":[67],"after":[68],"state":[71],"did":[73],"hierarchical":[74,142],"caste":[75],"systems":[76,181],"exploitation":[78,91],"nature":[80,99],"become":[81],"norm.":[83],"Today,":[84],"inequality":[85],"reached":[87],"staggering":[88],"levels":[89],"natural":[94],"world":[95],"decimated":[97],"non-human":[98],"undermined":[101],"climatic":[103],"stability":[104],"made":[106],"civilization":[110],"possible.":[111],"Homo":[112],"sapiens":[113],"existed":[114],"for":[115,185],"some":[116],"300,":[117],"000":[118,171],"years":[119,172],"without":[120],"these":[121],"human-caused":[122],"existential":[123],"threats.":[124],"Hunter-gatherers":[125],"tell":[126],"us":[127],"(1)":[129],"it":[130],"is":[131,158],"not":[132,147,159],"\u201chuman":[133],"nature\u201d":[134],"be":[136],"greedy":[137],"exploitative,":[139],"(2)":[141],"repressive":[144],"are":[146],"\u201cnatural\u201d":[148],"condition.":[152],"Pogo":[153],"was":[154],"wrong.":[155],"The":[156],"enemy":[157],"\u201cus\u201d":[160],"but":[161],"rather":[162],"peculiar":[164],"economic":[165],"system":[166],"we":[167],"stumbled":[168],"into":[169],"10,":[170],"ago.":[173],"Understanding":[174],"how":[175],"functioned":[178],"direct":[183],"relevance":[184],"today\u2019s":[186],"policies.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}
