{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3201615686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","title":"Perceived Psychological, Linguistic and Socio-Cultural Obstacles: An Investigation of English Communication Apprehension in EFL Learners","display_name":"Perceived Psychological, Linguistic and Socio-Cultural Obstacles: An Investigation of English Communication Apprehension in EFL Learners","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3201615686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","mag":"3201615686"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737327475","display_name":"International Journal of Instruction","issn_l":"1308-1470","issn":["1308-1470","1694-609X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318421","host_organization_name":"Osmangazi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318421"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Osmangazi University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Instruction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054258028","display_name":"Sameena Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4091-2253","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4091-2253"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sameena Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Foreign Languages, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Foreign Languages, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103242495","display_name":"Qin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4139-3819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4139-3819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dean of Translation and MIT Research Centre, Department of Foreign Languages, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dean of Translation and MIT Research Centre, Department of Foreign Languages, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054559479","display_name":"Ibrahim Naser Oteir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6193-2720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6193-2720"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400600919","display_name":"Batterjee Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/00dqry546","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400600919"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Oteir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asst. Prof., Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Saudi Arabia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asst. Prof., Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Saudi Arabia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4400600919"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.8012,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98978059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"733","last_page":"752"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efl-learners","display_name":"EFL learners","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-college-students","display_name":"Chinese university students","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-anxiety","display_name":"language anxiety","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-barriers","display_name":"psychological barriers","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaking-skills","display_name":"speaking skills","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary-knowledge","display_name":"vocabulary knowledge","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronunciation","display_name":"pronunciation","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affective-filter-hypothesis","display_name":"affective filter hypothesis","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/input-hypothesis","display_name":"input hypothesis","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-constructivism","display_name":"social constructivism","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learner-perceptions","display_name":"learner perceptions","score":0.49399998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7522507905960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779743720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5154128","display_name":"Communication apprehension","level":3,"score":0.7297077178955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780409804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621701","display_name":"Apprehension","level":2,"score":0.5079382061958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2390977","display_name":"Language proficiency","level":2,"score":0.4739170968532562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777549822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193729","display_name":"Communicative competence","level":2,"score":0.459816038608551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92936396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135710","display_name":"Social constructivism","level":2,"score":0.45373833179473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780565504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8021978","display_name":"Willingness to communicate","level":2,"score":0.44570058584213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.4286002814769745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.41265034675598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3904905915260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.34887194633483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3318769931793213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.14003577828407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737327475","display_name":"International Journal of Instruction","issn_l":"1308-1470","issn":["1308-1470","1694-609X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318421","host_organization_name":"Osmangazi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318421"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Osmangazi University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Instruction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14442a","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737327475","display_name":"International Journal of Instruction","issn_l":"1308-1470","issn":["1308-1470","1694-609X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318421","host_organization_name":"Osmangazi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318421"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Osmangazi University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Instruction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7567999958992004}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.47999998927116394}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3201615686.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3201615686.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W123406305","https://openalex.org/W133729561","https://openalex.org/W1518892835","https://openalex.org/W1549593556","https://openalex.org/W1986612380","https://openalex.org/W1993213222","https://openalex.org/W2013588773","https://openalex.org/W2016087552","https://openalex.org/W2025488304","https://openalex.org/W2027813651","https://openalex.org/W2034059165","https://openalex.org/W2055773703","https://openalex.org/W2063665896","https://openalex.org/W2067404301","https://openalex.org/W2078464504","https://openalex.org/W2099455486","https://openalex.org/W2104859803","https://openalex.org/W2128441705","https://openalex.org/W2135943618","https://openalex.org/W2142225512","https://openalex.org/W2156292968","https://openalex.org/W2166650274","https://openalex.org/W2172865373","https://openalex.org/W2302615974","https://openalex.org/W2338991735","https://openalex.org/W2461407316","https://openalex.org/W2737421462","https://openalex.org/W2805808733","https://openalex.org/W2888893445","https://openalex.org/W2912195665","https://openalex.org/W2914059965","https://openalex.org/W2944153544","https://openalex.org/W3009676035","https://openalex.org/W3013018912","https://openalex.org/W3037336193","https://openalex.org/W3090423763","https://openalex.org/W3116759204","https://openalex.org/W3137434968","https://openalex.org/W3142838789","https://openalex.org/W3172225928","https://openalex.org/W3177063708","https://openalex.org/W4255751650","https://openalex.org/W6741545393","https://openalex.org/W6960150196"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W369832620","https://openalex.org/W2055773703","https://openalex.org/W4310744580","https://openalex.org/W3142838789","https://openalex.org/W4390654361","https://openalex.org/W7215281119","https://openalex.org/W2992903868","https://openalex.org/W2599844051","https://openalex.org/W882747185","https://openalex.org/W1600063753"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Speaking":[0],"and":[1,19,29,40,58,84,103,111,116,130,139,171,183,202],"communicating":[2,68],"in":[3,17,20,51,56,67,142,154,209],"English":[4,69,150],"language":[5,193],"can":[6],"be":[7],"a":[8,42,52,71,97],"traumatic":[9],"experience":[10],"for":[11,100,145],"many":[12,22],"Chinese":[13,46,123],"EFL":[14,48,124],"university":[15,47,55,125],"learners":[16,49],"class":[18],"public.In":[21],"situations,":[23],"they":[24],"prefer":[25],"to":[26,34,45,174,189],"remain":[27],"silent":[28],"passive":[30],"listeners.This":[31],"study":[32,95],"aims":[33],"detect":[35],"linguistic,":[36,180],"psychological,":[37,178],"socio-cultural":[38],"hindrances":[39],"lends":[41],"sympathetic":[43],"ear":[44],"enrolled":[50,141],"public":[53],"sector":[54],"Wuhan":[57],"sheds":[59],"light":[60],"on":[61],"their":[62,175],"perspective":[63],"that":[64,166],"cause":[65],"apprehension":[66,170],"as":[70,91],"FL/SL.Horwitz's":[72],"FLA,":[73],"Krashen's":[74],"input":[75],"hypothesis,":[76,79],"affective":[77],"filter":[78],"Tanveer's":[80],"learners'":[81],"perspective,":[82],"Vygotsky's":[83],"Feuerstein's":[85],"social":[86,131,136,182],"constructivism":[87],"have":[88],"been":[89],"used":[90],"theoretical":[92],"frameworks.The":[93],"present":[94],"employed":[96],"qualitative":[98],"method":[99],"collecting":[101],"data":[102],"directed":[104,162],"content":[105,163],"analysis":[106,164],"was":[107],"conducted":[108,120],"with":[109,121],"deductive":[110],"inductive":[112],"approach.Focus":[113],"group":[114],"discussion":[115],"semi-structured":[117],"interviews":[118],"were":[119,134],"eight":[122],"students":[126],"within":[127],"an":[128],"academic":[129,196],"context.The":[132],"respondents":[133,167],"from":[135],"sciences":[137],"discipline":[138],"had":[140],"fall":[143],"semester":[144],"attending":[146],"one":[147],"course":[148],"of":[149,157,160,206],"oral":[151],"communication":[152,169],"skills":[153],"the":[155,161],"department":[156],"FL.The":[158],"results":[159],"indicated":[165],"experienced":[168],"anxiety":[172,187],"due":[173,188],"own":[176],"self-related":[177],"cognitive,":[179],"academic,":[181],"cultural":[184],"aspects.They":[185],"felt":[186],"personality":[190],"traits,":[191],"low":[192],"proficiency,":[194],"perceived":[195],"issues,":[197],"scholastic":[198],"competence,":[199],"poor":[200],"pronunciation,":[201],"above":[203],"all":[204],"lack":[205],"lexical":[207],"knowledge":[208],"TL.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2021-09-27T00:00:00"}