{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3201110461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","title":"Africa\u2019s COVID-19 Experience\u2014A Window of Opportunity to Act","display_name":"Africa\u2019s COVID-19 Experience\u2014A Window of Opportunity to Act","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3201110461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","mag":"3201110461","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34519772"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2784063/ofotokun_2021_ic_210202_1630679178.10997.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217848","display_name":"JAMA Network Open","issn_l":"2574-3805","issn":["2574-3805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Network Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2784063/ofotokun_2021_ic_210202_1630679178.10997.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133347680","display_name":"Igho Ofotokun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2735-1903","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2735-1903"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Igho Ofotokun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088173747","display_name":"Anandi N. Sheth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6305-2727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6305-2727"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anandi N. Sheth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5133347680"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":0.0791,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45800154,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"9","first_page":"e2124556","last_page":"e2124556"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.07240000367164612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.017999999225139618,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gabon","display_name":"Gabon","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalized-patients","display_name":"hospitalized patients","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-severity","display_name":"disease severity","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymptomatic-infection","display_name":"asymptomatic infection","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-and-comorbidity","display_name":"age and comorbidity","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-population","display_name":"urban population","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-infrastructure","display_name":"health infrastructure","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic-response","display_name":"pandemic response","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-impact-of-the-pandemic","display_name":"economic impact of pandemic","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-workforce-shortage","display_name":"health workforce shortage","score":0.3070000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.8032939434051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.5967317223548889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.5747222900390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41534343361854553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3522394299507141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3269900679588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1909412443637848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.16524013876914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12640824913978577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10718545317649841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000349","descriptor_name":"Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2784063/ofotokun_2021_ic_210202_1630679178.10997.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217848","display_name":"JAMA Network Open","issn_l":"2574-3805","issn":["2574-3805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Network Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34519772","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34519772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA network open","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24556","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2784063/ofotokun_2021_ic_210202_1630679178.10997.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217848","display_name":"JAMA Network Open","issn_l":"2574-3805","issn":["2574-3805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Network Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3201110461.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3201110461.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060364473","https://openalex.org/W3048552052","https://openalex.org/W3087263541","https://openalex.org/W3169982615","https://openalex.org/W3173470851","https://openalex.org/W3201068873","https://openalex.org/W6796827555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201068873","https://openalex.org/W4312176103","https://openalex.org/W4308000089","https://openalex.org/W3128071743","https://openalex.org/W3162770754","https://openalex.org/W4255329186","https://openalex.org/W3089435459","https://openalex.org/W4213326242","https://openalex.org/W7217309343","https://openalex.org/W3090116697"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,112],"rapid":[1],"spread":[2,61],"of":[3,28,57,77,94,101,125,128,132,140,148,173,198,230,247,259,265,283,292,327,348,435,461,490,532,572],"the":[4,8,16,25,42,54,71,84,92,99,110,123,126,129,133,136,143,174,199,201,226,228,248,256,262,269,284,288,321,330,345,355,366,380,391,491,501],"COVID-19":[5,205,328,406,481],"pandemic":[6,72,134],"and":[7,33,65,80,145,189,208,221,223,238,261,325,350,357,374,408,413,430,438,444,454,483,504,511,520,534,553,568,583],"devastation":[9],"it":[10],"has":[11],"caused":[12],"in":[13,21,38,109,135,163,280,295,329,354,369,379,418,474,498,580],"countries":[14,473,497],"around":[15],"world":[17,175],"have":[18,308,317,440,476],"been":[19,309,318],"unprecedented":[20],"modern":[22],"history.Owing":[23],"to":[24,156,313,344,362,390,399,463,487,523,557,565,577,586],"perfect":[26],"storm":[27],"dense":[29],"population,":[30],"suboptimal":[31],"hygiene,":[32],"limited":[34,86,178],"health":[35,216,512,554],"care":[36,513],"infrastructure":[37],"many":[39,472],"African":[40,138,297,331],"cities,":[41,382],"initial":[43],"fear":[44],"was":[45,232,371],"that":[46,98,204,305,339,471,537],"sub-Saharan":[47,89,420],"Africa":[48,306,370,421,475],"would":[49],"face":[50],"devastation.After":[51],"all,":[52],"SARS-CoV-2,":[53],"causative":[55],"pathogen":[56],"COVID-19,":[58],"is":[59,376,422,459,468,517],"primarily":[60],"via":[62],"respiratory":[63],"droplets":[64],"close":[66],"contact":[67],"with":[68,74,91,151,193,212,253,311,394,432,506],"infected":[69],"persons.While":[70],"persists":[73],"reemerging":[75],"waves":[76],"new":[78,120],"infections":[79],"emerging":[81],"variants":[82],"across":[83],"globe,":[85],"data":[87,299],"from":[88,154,195,359],"Africa,":[90,96,558],"exception":[93],"South":[95],"suggest":[97],"impact":[100],"SARS-CoV-2":[102,152,452],"infection":[103,153,231,453],"may":[104,307,341],"be":[105,342,545,578],"milder":[106],"than":[107,274],"expected":[108],"continent.1":[111],"study":[113,202],"by":[114,524],"Iroungou":[115,334,525],"et":[116,335,526],"al":[117,336],"2":[118,337,528],"allows":[119],"insight":[121],"into":[122],"nature":[124],"effects":[127],"early":[130],"months":[131],"Central":[137],"country":[139],"Gabon.It":[141],"describes":[142],"demographic":[144],"clinical":[146,582],"characteristics":[147],"individuals":[149,353,386],"hospitalized":[150,278],"March":[155],"June":[157],"2020":[158],"at":[159],"a":[160,171,395,423,530,539],"single":[161],"center":[162],"Libreville,":[164],"Gabon.This":[165],"article":[166],"provides":[167],"detailed":[168],"information":[169],"for":[170,277,320,405,425],"region":[172],"about":[176],"which":[177,286],"literature":[179],"exists,":[180],"including":[181,493],"presenting":[182],"symptoms,":[183],"basic":[184],"vital":[185],"signs,":[186],"preexisting":[187,215],"comorbidities,":[188],"associated":[190,211],"radiologic":[191],"findings.Consistent":[192],"observations":[194],"other":[196,281,363,445,488,494,566],"regions":[197,489],"world,":[200,285,492],"noted":[203],"disease":[206,484],"severity":[207,326,407,485],"fatality":[209,257],"were":[210,236,240],"older":[213,349,397],"age,":[214],"conditions":[217,446,555],"(eg,":[218],"arterial":[219],"hypertension":[220],"diabetes)":[222],"male":[224],"sex.On":[225],"contrary,":[227],"burden":[229,324,482],"low;":[233],"most":[234,296],"cases":[235,250],"asymptomatic,":[237],"symptoms":[239],"mild":[241],"when":[242],"present.Of":[243],"note,":[244],"only":[245],"31":[246],"837":[249],"(3.7%)":[251],"presented":[252],"severe":[254],"infections.Furthermore,":[255],"rate":[258,434],"1.4%":[260],"median":[263,367],"age":[264,291,368],"52.5":[266],"years":[267],"among":[268],"deceased":[270],"are":[271,387,415,449,575],"much":[272],"lower":[273,378],"those":[275],"observed":[276],"patients":[279],"parts":[282],"reflects":[287],"relatively":[289],"young":[290],"urban":[293,508],"populations":[294],"countries.These":[298],"corroborate":[300],"reports,":[301],"3":[302],"mostly":[303],"anecdotal,":[304],"spared":[310],"regard":[312],"this":[314,340,375,547],"pandemic.Multiple":[315],"reasons":[316],"offered":[319],"seemingly":[322],"low":[323],"continent.Like":[332],"others,":[333],"speculate":[338],"due":[343],"smaller":[346],"pool":[347],"more":[351],"vulnerable":[352],"population":[356,509],"cross-protection":[358],"prior":[360,550],"exposure":[361,564],"coronaviruses.In":[364],"2020,":[365],"19.7":[372],"years,":[373],"often":[377],"large":[381],"where":[383],"younger,":[384],"working-age":[385],"concentrated,":[388],"relative":[389,486,548],"rural":[392],"communities":[393],"retired,":[396],"population.Relative":[398],"Western":[400],"countries,":[401],"major":[402],"risk":[403],"factors":[404,544],"fatality,":[409],"such":[410,559],"as":[411,521,560],"obesity":[412],"diabetes,":[414],"less":[416],"common":[417],"Africa.Furthermore,":[419],"hotspot":[424],"sickle":[426,561],"cell":[427,562],"disease,":[428,563],"malaria,":[429],"tuberculosis":[431],"high":[433],"BCG":[436,551],"vaccination,":[437],"some":[439],"wondered":[441],"whether":[442],"these":[443,465,573,587],"yet":[447],"unidentified":[448],"protective":[450],"against":[451],"its":[455],"impact.4":[456],"While":[457],"there":[458,467],"paucity":[460],"evidence":[462],"support":[464],"speculations,":[466],"little":[469],"doubt":[470,591],"so":[477],"far":[478],"experienced":[479],"lesser":[480],"low-and":[495],"middle-income":[496],"Latin":[499],"America,":[500],"Middle":[502],"East,":[503],"Asia":[505],"comparable":[507],"structure":[510],"infrastructure.5":[514],"This":[515],"observation":[516],"certainly":[518],"intriguing,":[519],"alluded":[522],"al,":[527],"raises":[529],"number":[531],"important":[533],"unanswered":[535],"questions":[536,574,588],"deserve":[538],"closer":[540],"look.Could":[541],"yet-to-be-identified":[542],"ethnodemographic":[543],"driving":[546],"protection?Are":[549],"vaccination":[552],"endemic":[556],"coronaviruses,":[567],"malaria":[569],"infection,":[570],"protective?Some":[571],"beginning":[576],"addressed":[579],"well-designed":[581],"translational":[584],"studies.Answers":[585],"will":[589],"no":[590],"shed":[592],"additional":[593],"light":[594],"on":[595],"+":[596]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-09-27T00:00:00"}
