{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200328440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","title":"What is a processing speed weakness? Importance of cognitive ability when defining processing speed in a child psychiatric population","display_name":"What is a processing speed weakness? Importance of cognitive ability when defining processing speed in a child psychiatric population","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200328440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","mag":"3200328440","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34544318","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9284538"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7246984","display_name":"Child Neuropsychology","issn_l":"0929-7049","issn":["0929-7049","1744-4136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Neuropsychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9284538","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051178424","display_name":"Gina A. Forchelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-3820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-3820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. A. Forchelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-3820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090329216","display_name":"Pieter J. Vuijk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2181-5220","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2181-5220"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. J. Vuijk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037509378","display_name":"Mary K. Colvin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-9776","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-9776"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. K. Colvin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103785918","display_name":"Amanda K. Ward","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. K. Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":["MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082986021","display_name":"Maya R. Koven","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6389-5061","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6389-5061"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. R. Koven","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059897143","display_name":"Aridenne A. Dews","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7696-201X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7696-201X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Dews","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012127449","display_name":"Alysa E. Doyle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8536-2697","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8536-2697"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. E. Doyle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058542725","display_name":"Ellen B. Braaten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8588-7943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8588-7943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. B. Braaten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MGH Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051178424"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2522,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80733945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"2","first_page":"266","last_page":"286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.020099999383091927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10537","display_name":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processing-speed","display_name":"processing speed","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-ability","display_name":"cognitive ability","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-behavior","display_name":"adaptive behavior","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychopathology","display_name":"psychopathology","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interaction-effects","display_name":"interaction effects","score":0.34599998593330383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8076187372207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6959153413772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.6709791421890259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780247198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633403","display_name":"Weakness","level":2,"score":0.6506387591362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153721897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3436149","display_name":"Intrapersonal communication","level":3,"score":0.6299616098403931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123273963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624758","display_name":"Psychopathology","level":2,"score":0.6132962703704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.5711511969566345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185711340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347381","display_name":"Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance","level":3,"score":0.49931764602661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134290984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141241","display_name":"Cognitive skill","level":3,"score":0.47284916043281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.45310917496681213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.35032305121421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.21248817443847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.12445127964019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0965794026851654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000073978","descriptor_name":"Academic Performance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005190","descriptor_name":"Family","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011599","descriptor_name":"Psychopathology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.1972957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7246984","display_name":"Child Neuropsychology","issn_l":"0929-7049","issn":["0929-7049","1744-4136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Neuropsychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34544318","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34544318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9284538","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9284538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Child Neuropsychol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9284538","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9284538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Child Neuropsychol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3993438523","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01MH116037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306388","funder_display_name":"Iacocca Family Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6122812334","display_name":"Discoveries in ADHD genomics: Help or hype in clinical settings?","funder_award_id":"R01MH116037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8880841722","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01MH116037 (AED)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306388","funder_display_name":"Iacocca Family Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306388","display_name":"Iacocca Family Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04geqe079"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987437892","https://openalex.org/W2004828747","https://openalex.org/W2015539241","https://openalex.org/W2015663919","https://openalex.org/W2027898420","https://openalex.org/W2039617972","https://openalex.org/W2050393541","https://openalex.org/W2062882002","https://openalex.org/W2099484134","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2113347254","https://openalex.org/W2126162992","https://openalex.org/W2132766197","https://openalex.org/W2146140292","https://openalex.org/W2150128210","https://openalex.org/W2157072573","https://openalex.org/W2157662673","https://openalex.org/W2161734483","https://openalex.org/W2598731062","https://openalex.org/W2744081744","https://openalex.org/W2792813680","https://openalex.org/W2792949268","https://openalex.org/W2795733231","https://openalex.org/W2886847942","https://openalex.org/W2895009150","https://openalex.org/W2903098594","https://openalex.org/W2903108093","https://openalex.org/W2982291262","https://openalex.org/W2991627431","https://openalex.org/W3002336467","https://openalex.org/W3085526852","https://openalex.org/W3192040497","https://openalex.org/W4205442940","https://openalex.org/W4229625885","https://openalex.org/W4245547384","https://openalex.org/W4252181313","https://openalex.org/W4300870773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413008516","https://openalex.org/W2753076406","https://openalex.org/W3002336467","https://openalex.org/W2766946215","https://openalex.org/W2132766197","https://openalex.org/W2953225111","https://openalex.org/W4366742606","https://openalex.org/W2030648868","https://openalex.org/W4391741531","https://openalex.org/W2126162992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,21],"growing":[2],"evidence":[3],"that":[4,173],"processing":[5],"speed":[6],"(PS)":[7],"deficits":[8],"in":[9,77,101,157],"youth":[10,192],"with":[11,16,109,139,165,196,206],"neuropsychiatric":[12],"conditions":[13],"are":[14,227],"associated":[15,108,138],"functional":[17,160],"difficulties.":[18],"However,":[19],"there":[20],"no":[22],"consistent":[23],"definition":[24],"of":[25,58,82,118,167,184],"slower":[26,30,63],"PS;":[27],"specifically,":[28],"whether":[29],"PS":[31,64,86,102,130,158,187,199,213],"should":[32],"be":[33,178],"defined":[34],"as":[35,44],"a":[36,56,154],"discrepancy":[37],"from":[38,135,181],"same-aged":[39],"peers":[40],"(normative":[41],"weakness)":[42],"or":[43],"an":[45],"intrapersonal":[46],"deficit":[47],"relative":[48],"to":[49,79,218],"overall":[50],"cognitive":[51,83,88,119,125,169,175,208],"ability":[52,89,126,176],"(relative":[53],"weakness).":[54],"In":[55,121],"sample":[57],"clinically-referred":[59],"youth,":[60],"we":[61],"calculated":[62],"both":[65],"ways":[66],"and":[67,74,95,113,163,210,222],"examined":[68],"the":[69,122,182],"impact":[70,183],"on":[71,93,188],"adaptive,":[72],"academic,":[73],"psychopathology":[75],"outcomes":[76,161],"relation":[78],"different":[80],"levels":[81],"ability.":[84,120,170],"Significant":[85],"x":[87],"interactions":[90],"were":[91,147],"found":[92,148],"adaptive":[94,111,189],"academic":[96,115,142,202],"outcomes.":[97],"A":[98],"norm-based":[99],"weakness":[100,156],"(PSI":[103,131],"Standard":[104],"Score":[105],"<85)":[106],"was":[107,137],"lower":[110,114,129,141],"skills":[112,116],"regardless":[117],"above":[123],"average":[124],"group,":[127],"relatively":[128,211],">15":[132],"point":[133],"difference":[134],"VCI)":[136],"significantly":[140],"performance.":[143,203],"No":[144],"significant":[145],"associations":[146],"for":[149,224],"general":[150,168],"psychopathology.":[151],"Results":[152],"suggest":[153,172],"normative":[155],"impacts":[159],"interactively":[162],"differently":[164],"level":[166],"Data":[171],"higher":[174],"may":[177],"somewhat":[179],"protective":[180],"normatively":[185,197],"weak":[186,198,212],"outcomes;":[190],"however,":[191],"across":[193],"all":[194],"abilities":[195,209],"showed":[200,214],"weaker":[201],"Second,":[204],"children":[205],"high":[207],"discrepant":[215],"performance":[216],"compared":[217],"comparison":[219],"group.":[220],"Implications":[221],"areas":[223],"future":[225],"research":[226],"discussed.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-09-27T00:00:00"}
