{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198995331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and risk for developing dementia: an evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori infection and risk for developing dementia: an evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198995331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","mag":"3198995331","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34559067","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8507304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18632/aging.203571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","pdf_url":"https://www.aging-us.com/article/203571/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231119","display_name":"Aging","issn_l":"1945-4589","issn":["1945-4589"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316297","host_organization_name":"Impact Journals LLC","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316297"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Impact Journals LLC"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.aging-us.com/article/203571/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071750126","display_name":"Nanyang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-0268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-0268"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127599","display_name":"Xiyuan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0vze35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127599"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141683","display_name":"China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/042pgcv68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan-Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127599","https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101764091","display_name":"Jiahui Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-4740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-4740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17747738","display_name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05damtm70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17747738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Hui Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17747738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064987530","display_name":"Xuefan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1038-7686","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1038-7686"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17747738","display_name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05damtm70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17747738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue-Fan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17747738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348509","display_name":"Hao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8502-2556","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8502-2556"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126517","display_name":"Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02fn8j763","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126517"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127599","display_name":"Xiyuan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0vze35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127599"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141683","display_name":"China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/042pgcv68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China","Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126517","https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127599","https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100348509"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126517","https://openalex.org/I4210127599","https://openalex.org/I4210141683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8486,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"22571","last_page":"22587"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10276","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10276","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.011500000022351742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helicobacter-pylori-infection","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori infection","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia","display_name":"dementia","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/all-cause-dementia","display_name":"all-cause dementia","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"causality","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding-factors","display_name":"confounding factors","score":0.7459999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.7863923907279968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7213528752326965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.7036751508712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6982992887496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6248103380203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.6183027029037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.6076165437698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.5703593492507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776409635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180556","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori","level":2,"score":0.5581992864608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.44416967034339905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776478404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105187","display_name":"Cochrane Library","level":3,"score":0.4438619613647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.376873254776001}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003704","descriptor_name":"Dementia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003704","descriptor_name":"Dementia","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016480","descriptor_name":"Helicobacter pylori","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016481","descriptor_name":"Helicobacter Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18632/aging.203571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","pdf_url":"https://www.aging-us.com/article/203571/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231119","display_name":"Aging","issn_l":"1945-4589","issn":["1945-4589"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316297","host_organization_name":"Impact Journals LLC","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316297"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Impact Journals LLC"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34559067","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34559067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8507304","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8507304/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging (Albany NY)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18632/aging.203571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203571","pdf_url":"https://www.aging-us.com/article/203571/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231119","display_name":"Aging","issn_l":"1945-4589","issn":["1945-4589"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316297","host_organization_name":"Impact Journals LLC","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316297"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Impact Journals LLC"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198995331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198995331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598842717","https://openalex.org/W1972672009","https://openalex.org/W1976936948","https://openalex.org/W1982349540","https://openalex.org/W2008385499","https://openalex.org/W2018317802","https://openalex.org/W2020129294","https://openalex.org/W2037557931","https://openalex.org/W2044901763","https://openalex.org/W2061236166","https://openalex.org/W2063933661","https://openalex.org/W2076945218","https://openalex.org/W2080769015","https://openalex.org/W2085818420","https://openalex.org/W2087525310","https://openalex.org/W2112320675","https://openalex.org/W2118148903","https://openalex.org/W2132754123","https://openalex.org/W2133277967","https://openalex.org/W2135472617","https://openalex.org/W2136364430","https://openalex.org/W2142143326","https://openalex.org/W2157543903","https://openalex.org/W2168117082","https://openalex.org/W2274792145","https://openalex.org/W2323865999","https://openalex.org/W2336564732","https://openalex.org/W2338435075","https://openalex.org/W2579179285","https://openalex.org/W2593230996","https://openalex.org/W2618521399","https://openalex.org/W2742457094","https://openalex.org/W2742591480","https://openalex.org/W2768506788","https://openalex.org/W2769345415","https://openalex.org/W2777733505","https://openalex.org/W2778317871","https://openalex.org/W2789200606","https://openalex.org/W2809356300","https://openalex.org/W2809829664","https://openalex.org/W2906381399","https://openalex.org/W2971598158","https://openalex.org/W2972880558","https://openalex.org/W2975368988","https://openalex.org/W2981965371","https://openalex.org/W2996621131","https://openalex.org/W3000424781","https://openalex.org/W3001721938","https://openalex.org/W3010286911","https://openalex.org/W3046099379","https://openalex.org/W4211139529","https://openalex.org/W4240865701","https://openalex.org/W4241170198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2338435075","https://openalex.org/W2336564732","https://openalex.org/W2136364430","https://openalex.org/W4391141874","https://openalex.org/W2080769015","https://openalex.org/W2460470189","https://openalex.org/W2809356300","https://openalex.org/W4415221186","https://openalex.org/W4400109174","https://openalex.org/W7130426460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Infection":[1],"with":[2,24,67,165],"multiple":[3],"pathogens":[4],"may":[5],"play":[6],"a":[7,31,154,217],"key":[8],"role":[9],"in":[10,138,192,202,209],"the":[11,39,46,60,72,86,94,118,128,139,225,236],"pathogenesis":[12],"of":[13,33,74,168,187,197,227,238],"dementia.":[14,54,101,233],"Whether":[15],"Helicobacter":[16],"pylori":[17,43,91,160,179,222],"(H.":[18],"pylori)":[19],"infection":[20,44,161,180,223],"is":[21,26],"associated":[22],"causally":[23],"dementia":[25,164],"controversial.":[27],"Objective:":[28],"We":[29],"conduct":[30],"meta-analysis":[32,215],"case-control":[34,142,203],"and":[35,45,50,64,93,99,109,144,162,181,195,224],"cohort":[36,146,151,193],"studies":[37,132,143,152],"on":[38],"association":[40,157,176,219],"between":[41,158,177,220],"H.":[42,90,159,178,221],"risk":[47,107,182,226],"for":[48,183],"all-cause":[49,98,163,228],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[51],"disease":[52],"(AD)":[53],"Methods:":[55],"Two":[56],"independent":[57],"reviewers":[58],"searched":[59],"PubMed,":[61],"Cochrane":[62],"Library,":[63],"Embase":[65],"databases":[66],"English":[68],"language":[69],"restrictions":[70],"from":[71],"date":[73],"conception":[75],"to":[76,126,235,246],"September":[77],"18,":[78],"2020.":[79],"The":[80,148],"primary":[81],"analysis":[82],"was":[83,89,96,174,207],"as":[84],"follows:":[85],"exposure":[87],"variable":[88],"infection,":[92],"outcome":[95],"incident":[97],"AD":[100,232],"Pooled":[102],"odds":[103],"ratios":[104],"(OR),":[105],"relative":[106],"(RR),":[108],"corresponding":[110],"95%":[111],"confidence":[112],"intervals":[113],"(CI)":[114],"were":[115,124,136],"obtained":[116],"using":[117],"fixed-or":[119],"random-effect":[120],"model.":[121],"Forest":[122],"plots":[123],"generated":[125],"summarize":[127],"results.":[129],"Results:":[130],"Ten":[131],"involving":[133],"96,561":[134],"participants":[135],"included":[137],"meta-analysis:":[140],"5":[141,145],"studies.":[147,204],"overall":[149],"pooled":[150,166],"showed":[153,208],"significant":[155],"positive":[156,218],"RR":[167,186],"1.36":[169],"(95%":[170,189,199],"CI,":[171,190,200],"1.11-1.67).":[172],"There":[173],"no":[175],"developing":[184],"AD:":[185],"1.33":[188],"0.86-2.05)":[191],"studies,":[194],"OR":[196],"1.72":[198],"0.97-3.04)":[201],"Significant":[205],"heterogeneity":[206],"each":[210],"comparison":[211],"group.":[212],"Conclusion:":[213],"This":[214],"supports":[216],"dementia,":[229],"but":[230],"not":[231],"Due":[234],"interference":[237],"confounding":[239],"factors,":[240],"randomized":[241],"controlled":[242],"trials":[243],"are":[244],"needed":[245],"prove":[247],"their":[248],"causality.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2021-09-27T00:00:00"}
