{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198536639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","title":"Perceived COVID-19 Safety Risk and Safety Behavior on Construction Sites: Role of Safety Climate and Firm Size","display_name":"Perceived COVID-19 Safety Risk and Safety Behavior on Construction Sites: Role of Safety Climate and Firm Size","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198536639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","mag":"3198536639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764777209","display_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","issn_l":"0733-9364","issn":["0733-9364","1943-7862"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017988692","display_name":"Hilary Omatule Onubi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5353-1276","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5353-1276"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hilary Omatule Onubi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postdoctoral Research Fellow, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia (corresponding author). ORCID: "],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5353-1276","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Research Fellow, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia (corresponding author). ORCID: ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091528522","display_name":"Nor\u2019Aini Yusof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-6868","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-6868"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nor\u2019Aini Yusof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. ORCID: "],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-6868","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. ORCID: ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070328292","display_name":"Ahmad Sanusi Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-7862","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-7862"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Sanusi Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. ORCID: "],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-7862","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia. ORCID: ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1435,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95917643,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"147","issue":"11","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10809","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3614","display_name":"Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10809","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3614","display_name":"Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-behavior","display_name":"safety behavior","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-site","display_name":"construction site","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-climate","display_name":"safety climate","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-size","display_name":"firm size","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-business","display_name":"small business","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-workers","display_name":"construction workers","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-health-and-safety","display_name":"occupational health and safety","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"pandemic","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.574999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.6508756279945374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6073479652404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5014305114746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992901906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1561274","display_name":"Safety climate","level":3,"score":0.4313701391220093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.32689666748046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13907727599143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11495158076286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11483609676361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10400453209877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0002201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764777209","display_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","issn_l":"0733-9364","issn":["0733-9364","1943-7862"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.833299994468689,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5142999887466431,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1204404493","https://openalex.org/W1545460766","https://openalex.org/W1969485581","https://openalex.org/W1990842327","https://openalex.org/W1994185064","https://openalex.org/W1996179164","https://openalex.org/W2000380427","https://openalex.org/W2008585802","https://openalex.org/W2014788240","https://openalex.org/W2018346541","https://openalex.org/W2019842832","https://openalex.org/W2051880309","https://openalex.org/W2066211352","https://openalex.org/W2083617127","https://openalex.org/W2085616680","https://openalex.org/W2089177754","https://openalex.org/W2089998774","https://openalex.org/W2090214829","https://openalex.org/W2106082968","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2133025783","https://openalex.org/W2142150409","https://openalex.org/W2191231086","https://openalex.org/W2404767443","https://openalex.org/W2412993303","https://openalex.org/W2528608539","https://openalex.org/W2548380318","https://openalex.org/W2548699684","https://openalex.org/W2561541699","https://openalex.org/W2588657676","https://openalex.org/W2610542907","https://openalex.org/W2739479243","https://openalex.org/W2766003041","https://openalex.org/W2779594484","https://openalex.org/W2890945199","https://openalex.org/W2896258663","https://openalex.org/W2898080487","https://openalex.org/W2900479853","https://openalex.org/W2900519578","https://openalex.org/W2905012612","https://openalex.org/W2944020749","https://openalex.org/W2944353495","https://openalex.org/W2944363794","https://openalex.org/W2947600117","https://openalex.org/W2947731338","https://openalex.org/W2983600249","https://openalex.org/W2990070966","https://openalex.org/W2990422767","https://openalex.org/W2998014084","https://openalex.org/W3006773352","https://openalex.org/W3008507814","https://openalex.org/W3024963750","https://openalex.org/W3026415231","https://openalex.org/W3029741503","https://openalex.org/W3032057860","https://openalex.org/W3034007578","https://openalex.org/W3034462707","https://openalex.org/W3036638379","https://openalex.org/W3041763563","https://openalex.org/W3043828009","https://openalex.org/W3045096110","https://openalex.org/W3049543555","https://openalex.org/W3086765904","https://openalex.org/W3090040471","https://openalex.org/W3092042594","https://openalex.org/W3092333961","https://openalex.org/W3093155727","https://openalex.org/W3094079763","https://openalex.org/W3094261776","https://openalex.org/W3094713894","https://openalex.org/W3100192237","https://openalex.org/W3108861996","https://openalex.org/W3124896223","https://openalex.org/W6729090211"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2303173273","https://openalex.org/W2024934382","https://openalex.org/W2513767888","https://openalex.org/W1971798297","https://openalex.org/W3147308590","https://openalex.org/W1528049813","https://openalex.org/W1968285868","https://openalex.org/W2364043478","https://openalex.org/W2029986623","https://openalex.org/W1983410169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,153],"study":[1,201],"examined":[2,57],"the":[3,16,26,35,42,51,80,96,105,134,143,158,193,204,213],"determinants":[4],"of":[5,18,30,61,98,136,142,161,184,195],"COVID-19-related":[6],"safety":[7,21,53,210],"behavior":[8,135],"(SB)":[9],"on":[10,24,34,91,100,197,207],"construction":[11,63,165,187,198,214],"sites":[12],"in":[13,66,133,138,150,189,212],"Nigeria.":[14,67],"Specifically,":[15],"effect":[17,29,90,97,114],"perceived":[19],"COVID-19":[20,196],"risk":[22],"(PCSR)":[23],"SB,":[25,40,101,110],"interacting":[27],"(moderating)":[28],"firm":[31],"size":[32],"(FS)":[33],"relationship":[36,106,145],"between":[37,107,146],"PCSR":[38,46,86,99,108,147],"and":[39,41,109,148,168,209],"mechanism":[43],"through":[44,50],"which":[45],"leads":[47],"to":[48,78,129,157,173,191],"SB":[49,149,185],"firm\u2019s":[52],"climate":[54],"(SC)":[55],"were":[56],"for":[58,116],"a":[59,112,123,131,175],"sample":[60],"312":[62],"site":[64],"workers":[65,137,188],"The":[68,82,200],"partial":[69],"least":[70],"squares":[71],"structural":[72],"equation":[73],"modeling":[74],"technique":[75],"was":[76],"used":[77],"analyze":[79],"data.":[81],"results":[83],"indicate":[84],"that":[85,122],"has":[87],"no":[88],"significant":[89],"SB.":[92],"SC":[93,177],"fully":[94],"mediated":[95],"while":[102],"FS":[103],"moderated":[104],"with":[111,170],"stronger":[113],"observed":[115],"small":[117,139],"firms.":[118,152],"It":[119],"is":[120],"recommended":[121],"deliberate":[124],"effort":[125],"should":[126],"be":[127],"made":[128],"inculcate":[130],"change":[132],"firms":[140],"because":[141],"inverse":[144],"such":[151,219],"study\u2019s":[154],"findings":[155],"contribute":[156],"existing":[159],"body":[160],"knowledge":[162],"by":[163],"equipping":[164],"project":[166],"managers":[167],"engineers":[169],"much-required":[171],"information":[172],"create":[174],"good":[176],"aimed":[178],"at":[179],"fostering":[180],"an":[181],"acceptable":[182],"level":[183],"among":[186],"order":[190],"reduce":[192],"spread":[194],"sites.":[199],"also":[202],"advances":[203],"academic":[205],"literature":[206],"health":[208],"performance":[211],"sector,":[215],"particularly":[216],"during":[217],"pandemics":[218],"as":[220],"COVID-19.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
