{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198290730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","title":"A Practical Rule for a Benefit Maximizing Toll","display_name":"A Practical Rule for a Benefit Maximizing Toll","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198290730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","mag":"3198290730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.3093395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064997350","display_name":"David Lupton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Lupton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064997350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congestion-pricing","display_name":"congestion pricing","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-traffic-congestion","display_name":"urban traffic congestion","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-social-cost","display_name":"marginal social cost","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value-of-time","display_name":"value of time","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficiency-loss","display_name":"efficiency loss","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toll-setting","display_name":"toll setting","score":0.4560000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778025104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408004","display_name":"Toll","level":2,"score":0.5473405122756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4415455460548401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.322615385055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2648915648460388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12775281071662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.3093395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.3093395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.761900007724762,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16548326","https://openalex.org/W114554502","https://openalex.org/W568921003","https://openalex.org/W1515704368","https://openalex.org/W1541979211","https://openalex.org/W1548551555","https://openalex.org/W1574552435","https://openalex.org/W2002370449","https://openalex.org/W2051688498","https://openalex.org/W2060932870","https://openalex.org/W2067933667","https://openalex.org/W2071902824","https://openalex.org/W2086219080","https://openalex.org/W2089768828","https://openalex.org/W2153872359","https://openalex.org/W2185639189","https://openalex.org/W2219062175","https://openalex.org/W2271361837","https://openalex.org/W2594898816","https://openalex.org/W3021925043","https://openalex.org/W3124422367","https://openalex.org/W3125028029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W588913039","https://openalex.org/W2089768828","https://openalex.org/W2286229737","https://openalex.org/W1514780347","https://openalex.org/W2366471085","https://openalex.org/W2164333610","https://openalex.org/W2377499993","https://openalex.org/W3023423223","https://openalex.org/W3004628365","https://openalex.org/W2962995887"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2021-09-13T00:00:00"}