{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195969780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1877/degres.v20i2.82","title":"Defense Public Policy in the Handling People Smuggling in Batam Waters, Indonesia","display_name":"Defense Public Policy in the Handling People Smuggling in Batam Waters, Indonesia","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195969780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1877/degres.v20i2.82","mag":"3195969780"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3195969780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1877/degres.v20i2.82","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://degres.pw/index.php/asbl/article/view/82","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023320861","display_name":"Lukman Yudho Prakoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4263-1201","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4263-1201"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112051","display_name":"Indonesia Defense University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v4mmk55","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lukman Yudho Prakoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4263-1201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023320861"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3688,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65784806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"167","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12985","display_name":"Maritime Security and History","score":0.6518999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12985","display_name":"Maritime Security and History","score":0.6518999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12687","display_name":"Public Administration in Developing Nations","score":0.24560000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14408","display_name":"Coastal Management and Development","score":0.052400000393390656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/people-smuggling","display_name":"people smuggling","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-policy-implementation","display_name":"public policy implementation","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transnational-crime","display_name":"transnational crime","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"law enforcement","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/batam","display_name":"Batam","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/command-center","display_name":"command center","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intergovernmental-coordination","display_name":"intergovernmental coordination","score":0.6100000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.7719714641571045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6881678700447083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51575053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468","display_name":"Bureaucracy","level":3,"score":0.6792711615562439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6457656621932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5962205529212952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5388402938842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.427301287651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.416095107793808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.4024870693683624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2510472536087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22406789660453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08523184061050415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3195969780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1877/degres.v20i2.82","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://degres.pw/index.php/asbl/article/view/82","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W608106266","https://openalex.org/W1466306082","https://openalex.org/W1944619759","https://openalex.org/W2559171913","https://openalex.org/W2622769011","https://openalex.org/W2972495235","https://openalex.org/W2982429763","https://openalex.org/W3006247076","https://openalex.org/W3043153846","https://openalex.org/W3048635635","https://openalex.org/W3119785432","https://openalex.org/W3125372391","https://openalex.org/W3137383292","https://openalex.org/W3145603004","https://openalex.org/W3151917595","https://openalex.org/W3152028979","https://openalex.org/W3184363572"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400295662","https://openalex.org/W7171486353","https://openalex.org/W7160864440","https://openalex.org/W7160917305","https://openalex.org/W3175459908","https://openalex.org/W4313132820","https://openalex.org/W2944653820","https://openalex.org/W7216341284","https://openalex.org/W3036892787","https://openalex.org/W3009285742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Batam's":[0,154,223],"position":[1,155],"on":[2],"the":[3,58,71,78,87,101,117,124,133,151,178,215],"Sea":[4],"Border":[5],"with":[6,46,77],"Malaysia":[7],"and":[8,52,55,104,114,123,132,204],"Singapore":[9],"raises":[10],"opportunities":[11],"as":[12,14,31,91,214],"well":[13],"problems":[15],"faced":[16],"by":[17,64],"Indonesia.":[18],"The":[19,34,182],"main":[20,179],"threat":[21,79],"occurring":[22],"in":[23,44,75,100,107,121,150],"Batam":[24,122],"waters":[25],"is":[26,39,156,163],"a":[27,42,167,172,186],"transnational":[28],"crime,":[29],"such":[30],"people":[32],"\u00a0smuggling.":[33],"purpose":[35],"of":[36,60,137,166],"this":[37],"research":[38,54,88,183],"to":[40,68,170],"determine":[41],"strategy":[43,189],"dealing":[45,76],"People":[47],"smuggling.":[48],"This":[49],"is\u00a0":[50],"descriptive":[51],"qualitative":[53],"it":[56,208],"uses":[57],"theory":[59],"public":[61],"policy":[62],"implementation":[63],"George":[65],"Edward":[66],"III":[67],"show":[69],"that":[70,90,149,185,190,218],"marine":[72,174,187],"defense":[73,175,188,198],"strategies":[74],"are":[80],"not":[81],"suitable":[82],"for":[83,112,159],"all":[84,201],"problems.":[85],"Furthermore,":[86],"showed":[89],"regard":[92],"law":[93,128,138],"enforcement":[94,129,139],"there":[95,162],"was":[96,177],"an":[97,164,210],"inefficient":[98],"network":[99],"communication":[102],"sector":[103,109],"poor":[105],"resource,":[106],"theresource":[108],"r.":[110],"Meanwhile,":[111],"disposition":[113],"structural":[115],"sector,":[116],"link":[118],"between":[119],"aspects":[120],"Central":[125],"Government":[126],"weakened":[127],"at":[130,200],"sea,":[131],"bureaucratic":[134],"operation":[135],"patterns":[136],"entities":[140],"were":[141],"still":[142],"sectoral":[143],"respectively.":[144],"Moreover,":[145],"supporting":[146],"factors":[147],"shows":[148],"economic":[152],"field,":[153],"very":[157],"strategic":[158],"Indonesia,":[160],"hence":[161],"absence":[165],"joint":[168],"commitment":[169],"realize":[171],"strong":[173],"which":[176],"inhibiting":[180],"factor.":[181],"concludes":[184],"can":[191],"be":[192],"applied":[193],"includes":[194],"performing":[195],"massive":[196],"state":[197],"programs":[199],"government":[202],"levels":[203],"community":[205],"organizations.":[206],"Additionally,":[207],"recommends":[209],"independent":[211],"entity":[212],"serving":[213],"Command":[216],"Center,":[217],"has":[219],"full":[220],"authority":[221],"over":[222],"territorial":[224],"waters.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00"}
