{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195871005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2108.06112","title":"Experimental demonstration of high-entropy time of arrival based optical QRNG qualifying stringent statistical tests","display_name":"Experimental demonstration of high-entropy time of arrival based optical QRNG qualifying stringent statistical tests","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195871005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2108.06112","mag":"3195871005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2108.06112","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06112","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.06112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.06112","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050153705","display_name":"Anindita Banerjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6328-8190","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6328-8190"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142485","display_name":"QNu Labs (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcp1s96","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Banerjee, Anindita","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026651811","display_name":"Anuj Sethia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7140-3662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7140-3662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142485","display_name":"QNu Labs (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcp1s96","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sethia, Anuj","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002171593","display_name":"Vijayalaxmi Mogiligidda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142485","display_name":"QNu Labs (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcp1s96","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mogiligidda, Vijayalaxmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055203616","display_name":"Rajesh Kumar Krishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9399-1283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9399-1283"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnan, Rajesh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045545926","display_name":"Meiyappan Ar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"AR, Meiyappan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022639824","display_name":"Sairam Rajamani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajamani, Sairam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011906405","display_name":"Vivek B. Shenoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2645-1016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2645-1016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142485","display_name":"QNu Labs (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcp1s96","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenoy, Vivek","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuNu Labs Pvt. Ltd. , M.G. Road , Bangalore , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142485"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11996","display_name":"Random lasers and scattering media","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3102","display_name":"Acoustics and Ultrasonics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-random-number-generation","display_name":"quantum random number generation","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-arrival-time","display_name":"photon arrival time","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness-extractors","display_name":"randomness extractors","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-randomness-testing","display_name":"statistical randomness testing","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist-randomness-tests","display_name":"NIST randomness tests","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diehard-tests","display_name":"Diehard tests","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5248791575431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3636109232902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3423737585544586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3158942461013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2878198027610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.09645485877990723}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2108.06112","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06112","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.06112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2108.06112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2108.06112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2108.06112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2108.06112","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06112","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.06112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195871005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195871005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507186311","https://openalex.org/W1992457132","https://openalex.org/W1995274875","https://openalex.org/W2032589650","https://openalex.org/W2139423682","https://openalex.org/W2145128977","https://openalex.org/W2156108461","https://openalex.org/W2988683112","https://openalex.org/W3142188490","https://openalex.org/W3198310217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507186311","https://openalex.org/W2032589650","https://openalex.org/W1492192708","https://openalex.org/W2145128977","https://openalex.org/W2121413804","https://openalex.org/W2008879141","https://openalex.org/W4396697019","https://openalex.org/W2277862855","https://openalex.org/W2519738307","https://openalex.org/W2807643907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,18,62],"report":[1],"a":[2,5,29,64,71],"demonstration":[3],"of":[4,32,75,88],"high-entropy":[6],"optical":[7],"quantum":[8],"random":[9,41],"number":[10],"generator":[11],"(QRNG)":[12],"based":[13],"on":[14],"photon":[15],"arrival":[16],"time.":[17],"have":[19],"implemented":[20],"the":[21],"scheme":[22],"with":[23,28,56],"high-speed":[24],"and":[25,93],"high-precision":[26],"electronics":[27],"time":[30],"resolution":[31],"1":[33],"ps":[34],"generating":[35],"115":[36],"Mbps":[37],"raw":[38],"data.":[39],"The":[40,50,78],"bit":[42],"generation":[43],"efficiency":[44],"is":[45,53,80],"8":[46],"bits":[47],"per":[48],"detection.":[49],"experimental":[51],"data":[52,73],"quite":[54],"consistent":[55],"theoretical":[57],"estimation":[58],"showing":[59],"minimum":[60],"bias.":[61],"apply":[63],"real-time":[65],"information-theoretic":[66],"randomness":[67,79],"extractor":[68],"to":[69],"generate":[70],"final":[72],"rate":[74],"109":[76],"Mbps.":[77],"rigorously":[81],"evaluated":[82],"against":[83],"well-known":[84],"statistical":[85],"test":[86],"suites":[87],"NIST,":[89],"ENT,":[90],"Diehard,":[91],"TU-01":[92],"Dieharder.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00"}