{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194881980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","title":"A Large-scale Analysis of Hundreds of In-memory Key-value Cache Clusters at Twitter","display_name":"A Large-scale Analysis of Hundreds of In-memory Key-value Cache Clusters at Twitter","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194881980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","mag":"3194881980"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3468521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3468521","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158124317","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","issn_l":"1553-3077","issn":["1553-3077","1553-3093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3468521","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034227509","display_name":"Juncheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0412-1139","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0412-1139"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juncheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034263510","display_name":"Yao Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0913-9104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0913-9104"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113979032","display_name":"Twitter (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wt43v05","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Twitter, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Twitter, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109919225","display_name":"K. V. Rashmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-7460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-7460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. V. Rashmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0021,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":121,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95848844,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.02449999935925007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-memory-caching","display_name":"in-memory caching","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-live","display_name":"time-to-live","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-replacement-policy","display_name":"cache replacement policy","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-patterns","display_name":"traffic patterns","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-services","display_name":"web services","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/twitter","display_name":"Twitter","score":0.9179999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9108862280845642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.7514023780822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113166858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015981","display_name":"Cache pollution","level":5,"score":0.5965424180030823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201148951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015976","display_name":"Cache coloring","level":4,"score":0.5247652530670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38556500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13404475","display_name":"Cache algorithms","level":4,"score":0.5145635008811951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167713795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"Smart Cache","level":5,"score":0.4447079598903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36340418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7124288","display_name":"Page cache","level":5,"score":0.4330647885799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.42365503311157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4085274636745453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.40380629897117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2946997880935669}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3468521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3468521","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158124317","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","issn_l":"1553-3077","issn":["1553-3077","1553-3093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3468521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468521","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3468521","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158124317","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","issn_l":"1553-3077","issn":["1553-3077","1553-3093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3821279944","display_name":"CNS Core:Medium:Collaborative Research:Towards Enabling Optimal Performance-Cost Tradeoffs in Distributed Storage","funder_award_id":"1901410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5668574025","display_name":"CNS: Core: Medium: Understanding and addressing device-reliability heterogeneity in large-scale distributed storage","funder_award_id":"1956271","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194881980.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194881980.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W982826035","https://openalex.org/W1258643041","https://openalex.org/W1676168856","https://openalex.org/W1963656762","https://openalex.org/W1968919289","https://openalex.org/W1973264961","https://openalex.org/W1977207528","https://openalex.org/W1982063824","https://openalex.org/W1985229168","https://openalex.org/W1990653637","https://openalex.org/W1993460946","https://openalex.org/W2027990032","https://openalex.org/W2029582349","https://openalex.org/W2043557409","https://openalex.org/W2047294163","https://openalex.org/W2099374284","https://openalex.org/W2100076195","https://openalex.org/W2102333560","https://openalex.org/W2112053513","https://openalex.org/W2118173195","https://openalex.org/W2121887742","https://openalex.org/W2122173183","https://openalex.org/W2129542763","https://openalex.org/W2131126403","https://openalex.org/W2131806537","https://openalex.org/W2135916267","https://openalex.org/W2157182386","https://openalex.org/W2159479644","https://openalex.org/W2251455942","https://openalex.org/W2530841038","https://openalex.org/W2577787132","https://openalex.org/W2620041922","https://openalex.org/W2751343396","https://openalex.org/W2755039058","https://openalex.org/W2761070740","https://openalex.org/W2761338514","https://openalex.org/W2795182149","https://openalex.org/W2798337732","https://openalex.org/W2890107604","https://openalex.org/W2899042051","https://openalex.org/W2899377214","https://openalex.org/W2963979055","https://openalex.org/W2984111463","https://openalex.org/W2997259482","https://openalex.org/W2998553639","https://openalex.org/W3035208061","https://openalex.org/W3087175385","https://openalex.org/W4205800206","https://openalex.org/W4241687679","https://openalex.org/W4242713197","https://openalex.org/W4251281064","https://openalex.org/W4254126235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998553639","https://openalex.org/W7133025369","https://openalex.org/W2006848002","https://openalex.org/W4394586819","https://openalex.org/W3096241851","https://openalex.org/W3126621125","https://openalex.org/W7163818754","https://openalex.org/W2155816525","https://openalex.org/W3200753159","https://openalex.org/W323983400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"web":[1],"services":[2],"use":[3,47,123],"in-memory":[4,31,67],"caching":[5,32],"extensively":[6],"to":[7,98],"increase":[8],"throughput":[9],"and":[10,79,110,136,150],"reduce":[11],"latency.":[12],"There":[13],"have":[14,23],"been":[15],"several":[16],"workload":[17],"analyses":[18],"of":[19,30,44,57,77,87,116,122,154,181],"production":[20,63,166],"systems":[21],"that":[22,145,161],"fueled":[24],"research":[25],"in":[26,84,165],"improving":[27],"the":[28,35,41,55,82,85,88,120,175],"effectiveness":[29],"systems.":[33],"However,":[34],"coverage":[36],"is":[37,147],"still":[38],"sparse":[39],"considering":[40],"wide":[42],"spectrum":[43],"industrial":[45],"cache":[46,59,68,100,155],"cases.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50],"work,":[51],"we":[52],"significantly":[53],"further":[54],"understanding":[56],"real-world":[58],"workloads":[60,83,101,118],"by":[61],"collecting":[62],"traces":[64],"from":[65],"153":[66],"clusters":[69],"at":[70],"Twitter,":[71],"sifting":[72],"through":[73],"over":[74],"80":[75],"TB":[76],"data,":[78],"sometimes":[80,151],"interpreting":[81],"context":[86],"business":[89],"logic":[90],"behind":[91],"them.":[92],"We":[93,142],"perform":[94],"a":[95,178],"comprehensive":[96],"analysis":[97],"characterize":[99],"based":[102],"on":[103],"traffic":[104],"pattern,":[105],"time-to-live":[106],"(TTL),":[107],"popularity":[108],"distribution,":[109],"size":[111],"distribution.":[112],"A":[113],"fine-grained":[114],"view":[115],"different":[117],"uncover":[119],"diversity":[121],"cases:":[124],"many":[125],"are":[126],"far":[127],"more":[128,131],"write-heavy":[129],"or":[130],"skewed":[132],"than":[133],"previously":[134],"shown":[135],"some":[137],"display":[138],"unique":[139],"temporal":[140],"patterns.":[141],"also":[143],"observe":[144],"TTL":[146],"an":[148],"important":[149],"defining":[152],"parameter":[153],"working":[156],"sets.":[157],"Our":[158],"simulations":[159],"show":[160],"ideal":[162],"replacement":[163],"strategy":[164],"caches":[167],"can":[168],"be":[169],"surprising,":[170],"for":[171,177],"example,":[172],"FIFO":[173],"works":[174],"best":[176],"large":[179],"number":[180],"workloads.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00"}
