{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3193817801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","title":"Microbial Quality of Treated Wastewater and Borehole Water Used for Irrigation in a Semi-Arid Area","display_name":"Microbial Quality of Treated Wastewater and Borehole Water Used for Irrigation in a Semi-Arid Area","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3193817801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","mag":"3193817801","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34444611","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8394780"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijerph18168861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15239247","display_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","issn_l":"1660-4601","issn":["1660-4601","1661-7827"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","medline","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010177961","display_name":"Pholosho Mmateko Kgopa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-8972","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-8972"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90546491","display_name":"University of Limpopo","ror":"https://ror.org/017p87168","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pholosho Mmmateko Kgopa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X 1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X 1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031973024","display_name":"PHATU WILLIAM MASHELA","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9759-2625","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9759-2625"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90546491","display_name":"University of Limpopo","ror":"https://ror.org/017p87168","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phatu William Mashela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X 1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X 1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002635209","display_name":"Alen Manyevere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-0895","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-0895"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114499477","display_name":"University of Fort Hare","ror":"https://ror.org/0184vwv17","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114499477"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alen Manyevere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, King William\u2019s Town Rd, Alice 5700, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-0895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, King William\u2019s Town Rd, Alice 5700, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114499477"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010177961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2484},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2484},"fwci":0.9084,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75280977,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"16","first_page":"8861","last_page":"8861"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11331","display_name":"Fecal contamination and water quality","score":0.010400000028312206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treated-wastewater","display_name":"treated wastewater","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-water-quality","display_name":"irrigation water quality","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-contamination","display_name":"microbial contamination","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/borehole-water","display_name":"borehole water","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helminths","display_name":"helminths","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protozoa","display_name":"protozoa","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salmonella","display_name":"Salmonella","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ascaris-lumbricoides","display_name":"Ascaris lumbricoides","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater-treatment-plants","display_name":"wastewater treatment plants","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-diversity","display_name":"microbial diversity","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiarid-agriculture","display_name":"semi-arid agriculture","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limpopo","display_name":"Limpopo","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.804381251335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.67828369140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5974897742271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.5692122578620911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.5604549646377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777364306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468771","display_name":"Ascaris lumbricoides","level":3,"score":0.5456247925758362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57442070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221275","display_name":"Sewage treatment","level":2,"score":0.5265265703201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150772632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709","display_name":"Arid","level":2,"score":0.4472004771232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.3444473147392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.334126740694046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.26869773864746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.24480581283569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165901193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3129936","display_name":"Helminths","level":2,"score":0.14708760380744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1303839385509491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D012475","descriptor_name":"Salmonella","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014865","descriptor_name":"Waste Disposal, Fluid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014867","descriptor_name":"Water","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018508","descriptor_name":"Water Purification","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062065","descriptor_name":"Wastewater","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijerph18168861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15239247","display_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","issn_l":"1660-4601","issn":["1660-4601","1661-7827"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","medline","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8394780","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8394780","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34444611","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34444611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of environmental research and public health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8861-:d:619725","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8861/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:385c46b811414d8fa1f90b11fa79d39b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/385c46b811414d8fa1f90b11fa79d39b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 8861, p 8861 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijerph18168861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15239247","display_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","issn_l":"1660-4601","issn":["1660-4601","1661-7827"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","medline","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92983000","https://openalex.org/W1568183340","https://openalex.org/W1577761830","https://openalex.org/W1948441659","https://openalex.org/W1955959902","https://openalex.org/W1966234715","https://openalex.org/W1976584444","https://openalex.org/W1998817244","https://openalex.org/W2000638230","https://openalex.org/W2004078887","https://openalex.org/W2011349179","https://openalex.org/W2048556182","https://openalex.org/W2054436658","https://openalex.org/W2067865084","https://openalex.org/W2070963570","https://openalex.org/W2082781515","https://openalex.org/W2083908429","https://openalex.org/W2085446590","https://openalex.org/W2086945271","https://openalex.org/W2087554780","https://openalex.org/W2094751354","https://openalex.org/W2094791618","https://openalex.org/W2106172464","https://openalex.org/W2129756564","https://openalex.org/W2136762777","https://openalex.org/W2166355314","https://openalex.org/W2329986316","https://openalex.org/W2336361183","https://openalex.org/W2340127671","https://openalex.org/W2408102608","https://openalex.org/W2478939416","https://openalex.org/W2559771149","https://openalex.org/W2574955580","https://openalex.org/W2770588206","https://openalex.org/W2962863394","https://openalex.org/W3142896108","https://openalex.org/W6703396573","https://openalex.org/W6960218579","https://openalex.org/W7044145709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2252927260","https://openalex.org/W4396216342","https://openalex.org/W4390686431","https://openalex.org/W3008790197","https://openalex.org/W2397075850","https://openalex.org/W2884690893","https://openalex.org/W4415361799","https://openalex.org/W2766720251","https://openalex.org/W4385614996","https://openalex.org/W131062460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,43,96],"current":[1],"study":[2,44],"investigated":[3],"the":[4,18,56,130,134],"distribution":[5],"of":[6,20,28,59,66,94,120,133],"microbial":[7,131],"populations":[8],"and":[9,63,83,89,104,118],"diversity":[10],"in":[11,38,47],"treated":[12,135],"wastewater":[13,136],"used":[14,71],"for":[15,80,101,112,138],"irrigation":[16,139],"at":[17,32,124,140],"University":[19],"Limpopo":[21,39],"Experimental":[22],"Farm":[23],"(ULEF),":[24],"from":[25],"different":[26],"stages":[27],"post":[29,122],"treatment":[30,123],"disposal":[31],"Mankweng":[33],"Wastewater":[34],"Treatment":[35],"Plant":[36],"(MWTP)":[37],"Province,":[40],"South":[41],"Africa.":[42],"was":[45,110],"arranged":[46],"a":[48,73],"4":[49],"\u00d7":[50],"5":[51],"factorial":[52,92],"experiment,":[53],"which":[54],"studied":[55],"interactive":[57],"effects":[58],"four":[60],"collection":[61,108],"points":[62],"five":[64],"months":[65],"sampling,":[67],"with":[68],"borehole":[69],"water":[70,121],"as":[72],"reference":[74],"point.":[75],"Water":[76],"samples":[77],"were":[78,87,99,126],"analyzed":[79],"bacteria,":[81],"helminths,":[82],"protozoa.":[84],"All":[85],"data":[86],"transformed":[88],"subjected":[90],"to":[91,128],"analysis":[93],"variance.":[95],"site\u2013time":[97],"interactions":[98],"significant":[100,111],"Salmonella":[102],"spp.":[103],"Ascaris":[105],"lumbricoides,":[106],"whereas":[107],"point":[109],"all":[113],"variables.":[114],"In":[115],"conclusion,":[116],"movement":[117],"storage":[119],"MWTP":[125],"able":[127],"improve":[129],"quality":[132],"disposed":[137],"ULEF.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00"}
