{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3193333209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","title":"The comparison of the properties of nanocellulose isolated from colonial and solitary marine tunicates","display_name":"The comparison of the properties of nanocellulose isolated from colonial and solitary marine tunicates","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3193333209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","mag":"3193333209","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34458637","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8379676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071964395","display_name":"Naphatson Chanthathamrongsiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-3344","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-3344"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129488602","display_name":"Burapha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ff74m36","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naphatson Chanthathamrongsiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","The Research Unit in Synthetic Compounds and Synthetic Analogues from Natural Products for Drug Discovery, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Research Unit in Synthetic Compounds and Synthetic Analogues from Natural Products for Drug Discovery, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036540524","display_name":"Arpa Petchsomrit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3863-9451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3863-9451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129488602","display_name":"Burapha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ff74m36","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arpa Petchsomrit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3863-9451","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031868748","display_name":"Nattawut Leelakanok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-4775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-4775"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129488602","display_name":"Burapha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ff74m36","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nattawut Leelakanok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-4775","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015132876","display_name":"Nisa Siranonthana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129488602","display_name":"Burapha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ff74m36","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nisa Siranonthana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008937201","display_name":"Thanchanok Sirirak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9871-0494","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9871-0494"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129488602","display_name":"Burapha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ff74m36","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thanchanok Sirirak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","The Research Unit in Synthetic Compounds and Synthetic Analogues from Natural Products for Drug Discovery, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9871-0494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Research Unit in Synthetic Compounds and Synthetic Analogues from Natural Products for Drug Discovery, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008937201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129488602"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":1.5481,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81135149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"8","first_page":"e07819","last_page":"e07819"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10610","display_name":"Advanced Cellulose Research Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10610","display_name":"Advanced Cellulose Research Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10869","display_name":"Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11208","display_name":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunicates","display_name":"tunicates","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colonial-tunicates","display_name":"colonial tunicates","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eudistoma","display_name":"Eudistoma","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phallusia-nigra","display_name":"Phallusia nigra","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellulose-purification","display_name":"cellulose purification","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acid-hydrolysis","display_name":"acid hydrolysis","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bleaching","display_name":"bleaching","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystallinity","display_name":"crystallinity","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-stability","display_name":"thermal stability","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanocellulose","display_name":"nanocellulose","score":0.6499999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780930470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165118","display_name":"Tunicate","level":2,"score":0.9041502475738525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123719069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220160","display_name":"Zooid","level":2,"score":0.5861715078353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.5846148729324341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16993767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4674072","display_name":"Acid hydrolysis","level":3,"score":0.5078139901161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94412978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103135","display_name":"Hydrolysis","level":2,"score":0.46327778697013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.39592310786247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3591615557670593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.14786815643310547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1290082037448883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8379676","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8379676/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8379676/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34458637","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34458637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c85df920c7cc4ba49297ba6e34326837","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c85df920c7cc4ba49297ba6e34326837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon, Vol 7, Iss 8, Pp e07819- (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5714912843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2/2560","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322683","funder_display_name":"Burapha University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322683","display_name":"Burapha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ff74m36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334344","display_name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335148","display_name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3193333209.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3193333209.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W201642989","https://openalex.org/W452465010","https://openalex.org/W878814144","https://openalex.org/W1499218771","https://openalex.org/W1505500101","https://openalex.org/W1570959213","https://openalex.org/W1790343016","https://openalex.org/W1934539704","https://openalex.org/W1972994476","https://openalex.org/W1984903735","https://openalex.org/W1990189726","https://openalex.org/W1996441425","https://openalex.org/W1999687528","https://openalex.org/W2030990087","https://openalex.org/W2031159005","https://openalex.org/W2034136027","https://openalex.org/W2048494367","https://openalex.org/W2052372850","https://openalex.org/W2060757175","https://openalex.org/W2064034979","https://openalex.org/W2076728392","https://openalex.org/W2078158895","https://openalex.org/W2084402667","https://openalex.org/W2096991082","https://openalex.org/W2109520483","https://openalex.org/W2134280372","https://openalex.org/W2522255622","https://openalex.org/W2546512258","https://openalex.org/W2586954351","https://openalex.org/W2590471905","https://openalex.org/W2598240605","https://openalex.org/W2792607489","https://openalex.org/W2796863900","https://openalex.org/W2809940495","https://openalex.org/W2903030144","https://openalex.org/W2913577491","https://openalex.org/W2967328985","https://openalex.org/W2980019648","https://openalex.org/W2980912561","https://openalex.org/W3008013827","https://openalex.org/W3092398172","https://openalex.org/W3106669154","https://openalex.org/W3125915315","https://openalex.org/W3130421851","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6733677435"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2809940495","https://openalex.org/W2076728392","https://openalex.org/W3094682823","https://openalex.org/W6941529593","https://openalex.org/W3199862474","https://openalex.org/W898644781","https://openalex.org/W4410035756","https://openalex.org/W4297537367","https://openalex.org/W2991137632","https://openalex.org/W807647379"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"is":[1],"the":[2,18,44,73,82,178],"first":[3],"comparative":[4],"of":[5,160,169,199],"tunicate":[6,20],"cellulose":[7,52,112,117],"nanocrystalline":[8],"(t-CNC)":[9],"from":[10,17,43,123,163],"colonial":[11,19,83,107,133,145,194],"and":[12,32,58,102,108,144,154],"solitary":[13,27,66,109,124,143,189],"tunicates.":[14,134],"The":[15,65,88,115,135,142,157,166],"t-CNC":[16,79,90,137,148,172,200],"Eudistoma":[21],"sp.":[22],"(CL1)":[23],"was":[24,120,173],"compared":[25],"with":[26,149],"tunicates":[28,67,110,125,146,190,195],"Polycarpa":[29],"reniformis":[30],"(CL2)":[31],"Phallusia":[33],"nigra":[34],"(CL3).":[35],"Tunicate":[36],"samples":[37],"were":[38,47,91,130,191],"extracted":[39],"by":[40],"methanol.":[41],"Residues":[42],"methanol":[45],"extraction":[46],"then":[48],"subjected":[49],"to":[50,62,81,177],"further":[51],"purification":[53],"using":[54,93],"pre-hydrolysis,":[55],"kraft-cooking,":[56],"bleaching,":[57],"sulfuric":[59],"acid":[60,86,184],"hydrolysis":[61],"yield":[63],"t-CNC.":[64],"yielded":[68,111],"higher":[69],"microfibril":[70],"contents":[71],"after":[72,85,183],"bleaching":[74],"step":[75],"but":[76],"obtained":[77],"similar":[78],"content":[80],"one":[84],"hydrolysis.":[87,185],"isolated":[89,122,171],"characterized":[92],"Fourier":[94],"transform":[95],"infrared":[96],"spectroscopy,":[97],"X-ray":[98],"diffraction,":[99],"thermalgravimetric":[100],"analysis,":[101],"transmission":[103],"electron":[104],"microscopy.":[105],"Both":[106],"type":[113,118],"I.":[114],"pure":[116],"I":[119],"successfully":[121],"whereas":[126],"high":[127,139],"inorganic":[128],"impurities":[129],"observed":[131],"in":[132],"isolate":[136],"showed":[138],"aspect":[140],"ratios.":[141],"provided":[147],"crystallinity":[150],"indexes":[151],"over":[152],"97%":[153],"35%,":[155],"respectively.":[156],"crystalline":[158],"size":[159],"t-CNCs":[161],"ranged":[162],"55-124":[164],"\u00c5.":[165],"thermal":[167],"stability":[168],"all":[170],"slightly":[174],"decreased":[175],"due":[176],"sulfate":[179],"functional":[180],"groups":[181],"gained":[182],"We":[186],"concluded":[187],"that":[188],"better":[192],"than":[193],"as":[196],"a":[197],"source":[198],"preparation.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00"}
