{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3182202998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","title":"Study of linseed oil, its biodiesel and xylene as flow improver for Nigerian waxy crude oils","display_name":"Study of linseed oil, its biodiesel and xylene as flow improver for Nigerian waxy crude oils","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3182202998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","mag":"3182202998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096249521000508/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898411357","display_name":"Petroleum Research","issn_l":"2096-2495","issn":["2096-2495","2524-1729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Petroleum Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096249521000508/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006719430","display_name":"Ogunkunle Temitope Fred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186771145","display_name":"Covenant University","ror":"https://ror.org/00frr1n84","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ogunkunle Temitope Fred","raw_affiliation_strings":["Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001909686","display_name":"Damilola Abraham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-0657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-0657"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186771145","display_name":"Covenant University","ror":"https://ror.org/00frr1n84","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abraham Victoria Damilola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088394959","display_name":"Adebisi Abimbola Ashonibare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186771145","display_name":"Covenant University","ror":"https://ror.org/00frr1n84","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adebisi Abimbola Ashonibare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemistry Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemistry Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047912835","display_name":"Rukayat Adenike","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164808","display_name":"Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05chjmv84","country_code":"NG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164808"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rukayat Adenike","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, Asa Dam Road, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, Asa Dam Road, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164808"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052106950","display_name":"Tega-oboh Elohor Sylvia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186771145","display_name":"Covenant University","ror":"https://ror.org/00frr1n84","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tega-oboh Elohor Sylvia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006719430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186771145"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5608,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57111675,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"138","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.5684000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.5684000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11630","display_name":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","score":0.2816999852657318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11557","display_name":"Lubricants and Their Additives","score":0.1281999945640564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linseed-oil","display_name":"linseed oil","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xylene","display_name":"xylene","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waxy-crude-oil","display_name":"waxy crude oil","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigerian-crude-oil","display_name":"Nigerian crude oil","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pour-point","display_name":"pour point","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-point","display_name":"cloud point","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-improvers","display_name":"flow improvers","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscosity-reduction","display_name":"viscosity reduction","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esterification","display_name":"esterification","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-fatty-acids","display_name":"free fatty acids","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wax-content","display_name":"wax content","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physicochemical-properties","display_name":"physicochemical properties","score":0.8029999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778717857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818405","display_name":"Linseed oil","level":2,"score":0.8225011825561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69304742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431684","display_name":"Pour point","level":2,"score":0.8164764046669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153033020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124695","display_name":"Wax","level":2,"score":0.7160264253616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52896960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167947","display_name":"Biodiesel","level":3,"score":0.6795447468757629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162015975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194376","display_name":"Flash point","level":2,"score":0.6115416884422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22673317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490222","display_name":"Cloud point","level":3,"score":0.545211672782898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5271520018577576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93656029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11027905","display_name":"Specific gravity","level":2,"score":0.4795953333377838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127172972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128709","display_name":"Viscosity","level":2,"score":0.4209977686405182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.41347092390060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779896714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208366","display_name":"Xylene","level":3,"score":0.4127028286457062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.37066400051116943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3493683934211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.23896554112434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.23374783992767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.21208107471466064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.11217701435089111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09204602241516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778142098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15779","display_name":"Toluene","level":2,"score":0.06594184041023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096249521000508/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898411357","display_name":"Petroleum Research","issn_l":"2096-2495","issn":["2096-2495","2524-1729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Petroleum Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:46db2fcbefd844feae4f10e301e2ffd8","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/46db2fcbefd844feae4f10e301e2ffd8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Petroleum Research, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 138-143 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2021.06.005","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096249521000508/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898411357","display_name":"Petroleum Research","issn_l":"2096-2495","issn":["2096-2495","2524-1729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Petroleum Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323779","display_name":"Covenant University","ror":"https://ror.org/00frr1n84"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182202998.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182202998.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005653338","https://openalex.org/W2027473503","https://openalex.org/W2032112026","https://openalex.org/W2055398673","https://openalex.org/W2067104659","https://openalex.org/W2088363620","https://openalex.org/W2094897200","https://openalex.org/W2099122657","https://openalex.org/W2126708520","https://openalex.org/W2157704016","https://openalex.org/W2302993258","https://openalex.org/W2409499183","https://openalex.org/W2441124914","https://openalex.org/W2752421785","https://openalex.org/W2755595582","https://openalex.org/W2758248145","https://openalex.org/W2782441566","https://openalex.org/W2792145477","https://openalex.org/W2808945890","https://openalex.org/W2889070017","https://openalex.org/W2944768838","https://openalex.org/W2945574186","https://openalex.org/W3092251457","https://openalex.org/W4237819050"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186362875","https://openalex.org/W2626166293","https://openalex.org/W2048796943","https://openalex.org/W3171884330","https://openalex.org/W2904197012","https://openalex.org/W2188742122","https://openalex.org/W2370438321","https://openalex.org/W4387514245","https://openalex.org/W3160384982","https://openalex.org/W3048273050"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"the":[3,17,54,76,83,92,95,124,140,147,154,161,172,181],"physicochemical":[4],"properties":[5,19,52],"of":[6,20,53,75,94,113,139,153,166],"linseed":[7,9,55,58,84,105,121,141,188],"and":[8,13,48,57,70,91,107,129,143,150,160,175,192],"biofuel":[10],"were":[11],"studied":[12],"their":[14],"effect":[15,138],"on":[16,146],"flow":[18],"Nigerian":[21,32],"waxy":[22,155],"crude":[23,34,156,183],"oil":[24,35,56,85,97,106,142,157],"at":[25,116],"different":[26],"volume":[27],"fractions":[28],"was":[29,36,158,178],"investigated.":[30],"The":[31,51,104,137],"wax":[33,44,182],"characterized":[37],"for":[38],"its":[39,108,144,190],"specific":[40,63],"gravity,":[41,43,64],"API":[42],"content,":[45],"pour":[46,66,130,148,173],"point":[47,69,149,152,174,177],"cloud":[49,68,127,151,176],"point.":[50,72],"biodiesel":[59,109,122,145,191],"investigated":[60],"include:":[61],"density,":[62],"viscosity,":[65],"point,":[67],"flash":[71],"Upon":[73],"esterification":[74],"free":[77],"fatty":[78,135],"acid":[79],"(FFA)":[80],"contained":[81],"in":[82,171],"reduced":[86,114,134],"from":[87,99],"3.5":[88],"to":[89,101,133,164],"0.75":[90],"viscosity":[93,115],"seed":[96],"reduces":[98],"2169":[100],"362":[102],"mm2/s.":[103],"exhibited":[110],"similar":[111],"trend":[112],"higher":[117],"shear":[118],"rate,":[119],"however,":[120],"demonstrated":[123],"lowest":[125],"viscosities,":[126],"points":[128,131],"owing":[132],"contents.":[136],"determined;":[159],"performance":[162],"compared":[163],"that":[165],"xylene.":[167,193],"A":[168],"rapid":[169],"drop":[170],"observed":[179],"with":[180,185],"pre-heated":[184],"0.1":[186],"v/v":[187],"oil,":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}