{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3182072001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","title":"High Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratios in Symptomatic Pediatric COVID-19 Patients","display_name":"High Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratios in Symptomatic Pediatric COVID-19 Patients","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3182072001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","mag":"3182072001","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34271803"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","pdf_url":"https://www.jcpsp.pk/oas/mpdf/generate_pdf.php?string=N3A0Z0Nvd0M4bW43L3VCVnVFZjdLQT09","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202897","display_name":"Journal of College of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan","issn_l":"1022-386X","issn":["1022-386X","1681-7168"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697874","host_organization_name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jcpsp.pk/oas/mpdf/generate_pdf.php?string=N3A0Z0Nvd0M4bW43L3VCVnVFZjdLQT09","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049355902","display_name":"Eren Y\u0131ld\u0131z","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8056-5727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8056-5727"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eren Yildiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003686413","display_name":"Emrah \u00c7\u0131\u011fr\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-6073","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-6073"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emrah Cigri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061849328","display_name":"Z\u00fcbeyde D\u0130N\u00c7ER","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-2910","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-2910"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zubeyde Dincer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031628232","display_name":"Mehmet Ali NARSAT","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-1965","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-1965"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405265218","display_name":"Kastamonu Education and Research Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/046mx8f45","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405265218"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehmet Ali Narsat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405265218"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083837103","display_name":"B\u00fc\u015fra \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-5422","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-5422"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405265218","display_name":"Kastamonu Education and Research Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/046mx8f45","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405265218"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Busra Calisir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405265218"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049355902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8506,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76850886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"S93","last_page":"S98"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11355","display_name":"Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-covid-19","display_name":"pediatric COVID-19","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio","display_name":"neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-reactive-protein","display_name":"C-reactive protein","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procalcitonin","display_name":"procalcitonin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symptom-severity","display_name":"symptom severity","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-markers","display_name":"inflammatory markers","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalized-children","display_name":"hospitalized children","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-severity-markers","display_name":"disease severity markers","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8697924613952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10936531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786600","display_name":"Procalcitonin","level":3,"score":0.7894337773323059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6772280335426331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777910003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707292","display_name":"Asymptomatic","level":2,"score":0.6404518485069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777914695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12192","display_name":"Pneumonia","level":2,"score":0.5215984582901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.46013325452804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778963024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17132454","display_name":"Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio","level":3,"score":0.4597172737121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.45551103353500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779421357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210427","display_name":"Cerebral palsy","level":2,"score":0.4490995705127716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.4433862268924713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.4316056966781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777761686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q715347","display_name":"Lymphocyte","level":2,"score":0.26274555921554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183134","display_name":"Sepsis","level":2,"score":0.2464878261089325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.1710817515850067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008214","descriptor_name":"Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009504","descriptor_name":"Neutrophils","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010372","descriptor_name":"Pediatrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014421","descriptor_name":"Turkey","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","pdf_url":"https://www.jcpsp.pk/oas/mpdf/generate_pdf.php?string=N3A0Z0Nvd0M4bW43L3VCVnVFZjdLQT09","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202897","display_name":"Journal of College of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan","issn_l":"1022-386X","issn":["1022-386X","1681-7168"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697874","host_organization_name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34271803","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34271803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.supp2.s93","pdf_url":"https://www.jcpsp.pk/oas/mpdf/generate_pdf.php?string=N3A0Z0Nvd0M4bW43L3VCVnVFZjdLQT09","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202897","display_name":"Journal of College of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan","issn_l":"1022-386X","issn":["1022-386X","1681-7168"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697874","host_organization_name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182072001.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182072001.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2768750158","https://openalex.org/W2899847452","https://openalex.org/W2942210746","https://openalex.org/W2970506790","https://openalex.org/W3005489812","https://openalex.org/W3008827533","https://openalex.org/W3010375169","https://openalex.org/W3010819577","https://openalex.org/W3010951319","https://openalex.org/W3012181357","https://openalex.org/W3012320055","https://openalex.org/W3012886343","https://openalex.org/W3016127406","https://openalex.org/W3022770671","https://openalex.org/W3025063365","https://openalex.org/W3037077950","https://openalex.org/W3037255629","https://openalex.org/W3048843855","https://openalex.org/W3081807409","https://openalex.org/W3095492192","https://openalex.org/W3095624484","https://openalex.org/W3110342433","https://openalex.org/W4205225613","https://openalex.org/W4234281470"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206436522","https://openalex.org/W4390365119","https://openalex.org/W4402843248","https://openalex.org/W7131777330","https://openalex.org/W4386373424","https://openalex.org/W4205400004","https://openalex.org/W4309419183","https://openalex.org/W4327651385","https://openalex.org/W4281962826","https://openalex.org/W3154759592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"investigate":[2],"the":[3,12,19,55,62,82,85,112,152,159,164,204,213],"symptoms":[4],"and":[5,40,64,72,79,102,125,186,219],"laboratory":[6,77],"results":[7,78],"of":[8,14,21,36,57,81,84,94,105,173,203],"children":[9,168,205],"hospitalised":[10,53],"with":[11,54,141,158,206,240],"diagnosis":[13,56],"COVID-19,":[15,58,256],"aiming":[16],"to":[17,47,224,248],"reveal":[18],"characteristics":[20],"symptomatic":[22,71,113,156,167,229],"cases.":[23],"STUDY":[24],"DESIGN:":[25],"A":[26],"descriptive":[27],"cross-sectional":[28],"study.":[29,214],"PLACE":[30],"AND":[31],"DURATION":[32],"OF":[33],"STUDY:":[34],"Department":[35],"Pediatrics,":[37],"Kastamonu":[38],"Training":[39],"Research":[41],"Hospital,":[42],"Kastamonu,":[43],"Turkey":[44],"from":[45,210],"March":[46],"December":[48],"2020.":[49],"METHODOLOGY:":[50],"Seventy-nine":[51],"children,":[52],"were":[59,65,88,107,155,222],"included":[60],"in":[61,111,151,228,243],"study":[63],"divided":[66],"into":[67],"two":[68,86],"groups":[69,87],"as":[70,235],"asymptomatic.":[73],"The":[74,91,128],"demographic":[75],"data,":[76],"clinics":[80],"patients":[83,110,150],"compared.":[89],"RESULTS:":[90],"mean":[92],"age":[93],"participants":[95],"was":[96,132,137,146],"10.43":[97],"\u00b1":[98],"5.91":[99],"(0-17)":[100],"years,":[101],"57%":[103],"(n=45)":[104],"them":[106],"girls.":[108],"Five":[109],"group":[114,154,161],"had":[115,169],"comorbidities":[116],"(2":[117],"allergic":[118],"asthma,":[119],"cerebral":[120,207],"palsy,":[121],"type-1":[122],"diabetes":[123],"mellitus":[124],"anorexia":[126],"nervosa).":[127],"most":[129],"common":[130],"symptom":[131],"fever":[133],"(36.7%,":[134],"n=29).":[135],"It":[136],"noteworthy":[138],"that":[139],"everyone":[140],"an":[142],"NLR":[143,220,231],">3.13":[144],"(high-NLR)":[145],"symptomatic.":[147],"Significantly":[148],"more":[149],"high-NLR":[153],"compared":[157],"low-NLR":[160],"(p=0.005).":[162],"On":[163],"other":[165,252],"hand,":[166],"significantly":[170,226],"higher":[171,227],"levels":[172,221],"C-reactive":[174,216,262],"protein":[175],"(2.8":[176],"(IQR:":[177,182,189,194],"1.2-10.0)":[178],"mg/L":[179],"vs.":[180,192],"1.4":[181],"0.4-2.0)":[183],"mg/L,":[184],"p=0.011);":[185],"procalcitonin":[187,218],"(0.05":[188],"0.02-0.10)":[190],"ng/mL":[191],"0.01":[193],"0.00-0.03)":[195],"ng/mL,":[196],"p<0.001)":[197],"than":[198],"those":[199],"without":[200],"symptoms.":[201],"One":[202],"palsy":[208],"died":[209],"pneumonia":[211],"during":[212],"CONCLUSION:":[215],"protein,":[217,263],"found":[223],"be":[225,233,249],"children.":[230],"can":[232],"suggested":[234],"a":[236],"potential":[237],"marker":[238],"associated":[239],"disease":[241],"severity":[242],"COVID-19":[244],"patients,":[245],"which":[246],"needs":[247],"supported":[250],"by":[251],"studies.":[253],"Key":[254],"Words:":[255],"Children,":[257],"Neutrophil":[258],"/":[259],"lymphocyte":[260],"ratio,":[261],"Procalcitonin.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-07-19T00:00:00"}