{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3181978013","doi":null,"title":"Female Athlete Triad: Evaluation of the Cumulative Risk Assessment Tool for Female Collegiate Athletes","display_name":"Female Athlete Triad: Evaluation of the Cumulative Risk Assessment Tool for Female Collegiate Athletes","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3181978013","mag":"3181978013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarcommons.sc.edu:senior_theses-1410","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/senior_theses/409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401386","display_name":"Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","host_organization_name":"University of South Carolina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Senior Theses","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065595223","display_name":"Jessica Pia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Pia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065595223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10263","display_name":"Eating Disorders and Behaviors","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10263","display_name":"Eating Disorders and Behaviors","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-athlete-triad","display_name":"female athlete triad","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-energy-availability","display_name":"low energy availability","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disordered-eating-behaviors","display_name":"disordered eating","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/menstrual-disorders","display_name":"menstrual disorders","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteopenia","display_name":"osteopenia","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-collegiate-athletes","display_name":"female collegiate athletes","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sport-type-differences","display_name":"sport type differences","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-classification","display_name":"risk classification","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equestrian","display_name":"equestrian","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballet","display_name":"ballet","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volleyball","display_name":"volleyball","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soccer","display_name":"soccer","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/softball","display_name":"softball","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beach-volleyball","display_name":"beach volleyball","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-expenditure","display_name":"energy expenditure","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-health-screening","display_name":"bone health screening","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eating-disorder-screening","display_name":"eating disorder screening","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-prevention","display_name":"injury prevention","score":0.3190000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781054738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730","display_name":"Athletes","level":2,"score":0.8382705450057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781245937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755630","display_name":"Female athlete triad","level":4,"score":0.748583197593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.49942445755004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176038584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626432","display_name":"Triad (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.44728630781173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.43445825576782227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4264603853225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.34072187542915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19195866584777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.14474698901176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09161391854286194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776444855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282515","display_name":"Disordered eating","level":3,"score":0.0803891122341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776394216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373822","display_name":"Eating disorders","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarcommons.sc.edu:senior_theses-1410","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/senior_theses/409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401386","display_name":"Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","host_organization_name":"University of South Carolina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Senior Theses","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3181978013","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1410&context=senior_theses","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1770799467","https://openalex.org/W1882809294","https://openalex.org/W1937381816","https://openalex.org/W1989017661","https://openalex.org/W1994659033","https://openalex.org/W2001757523","https://openalex.org/W2011376100","https://openalex.org/W2020399094","https://openalex.org/W2045158992","https://openalex.org/W2045399216","https://openalex.org/W2050005341","https://openalex.org/W2065978515","https://openalex.org/W2070910777","https://openalex.org/W2073286899","https://openalex.org/W2076127185","https://openalex.org/W2082389883","https://openalex.org/W2095413610","https://openalex.org/W2106562152","https://openalex.org/W2108271986","https://openalex.org/W2111280763","https://openalex.org/W2113583363","https://openalex.org/W2117241630","https://openalex.org/W2124860950","https://openalex.org/W2136430560","https://openalex.org/W2142195233","https://openalex.org/W2147330968","https://openalex.org/W2152128405","https://openalex.org/W2158777415","https://openalex.org/W2160867964","https://openalex.org/W2168839292","https://openalex.org/W2582454895","https://openalex.org/W2883355597","https://openalex.org/W2908767208","https://openalex.org/W2943322244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2921304607","https://openalex.org/W2268073916","https://openalex.org/W1965683686","https://openalex.org/W2956210973","https://openalex.org/W7052289318","https://openalex.org/W2943322244","https://openalex.org/W2115199077","https://openalex.org/W2582454895","https://openalex.org/W2806443068","https://openalex.org/W3009739092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Content:":[0],"As":[1],"the":[2,22,46,68,70,82,96,109,115,118,130,133,168,315,318,327,331,416],"pressure":[3],"on":[4,449],"collegiate":[5,105,158],"and":[6,89,99,112,182,203,223,229,261,275,298,302,357,395,431,451],"elite":[7],"female":[8,104,157,320],"athletes":[9,88,322,353,360],"to":[10,20,61,85,108,113,128,285,295,306,381],"perform":[11],"at":[12],"their":[13,26,435],"highest":[14],"possible":[15],"capabilities":[16],"has":[17,378],"grown,":[18],"so":[19],"have":[21,382],"consequences":[23,66,399],"associated":[24],"with":[25,50,231,242,366,373],"high":[27,265,362,393,426],"energy":[28],"expending":[29],"lifestyles.":[30],"The":[31,136,163],"Female":[32,71],"Athlete":[33,72],"Triad":[34,73,83,110,119,134,197,417],"(Triad)":[35],"is":[36],"a":[37,76,124,142,402,445],"syndrome":[38],"defined":[39],"as":[40,81,253,413,423],"having":[41,401],"one":[42],"or":[43,51,232,243,367,374,425],"more":[44],"of":[45,67,117,132,141,170,249,288,317,337,351,359],"following":[47],"conditions:":[48],"LEA":[49,230,241,365,372],"without":[52,233,244,368,375,400],"disordered":[53],"eating,":[54],"menstrual":[55],"dysfunction,":[56],"and/or":[57],"low":[58,254],"BMD.":[59],"Due":[60],"potential":[62,383],"long-term,":[63,384],"irreversible":[64,385],"health":[65,386,436],"Triad,":[69],"Coalition":[74],"developed":[75],"risk":[77,97,236,329,342,356,363,377,394,427],"assessment":[78],"tool":[79],"known":[80],"CRA":[84,198,224],"identify":[86],"at-risk":[87],"subsequent":[90],"return-to-play":[91,100,205,273],"status.":[92],"Objective:":[93],"To":[94],"determine":[95],"classification":[98],"status":[101,206,274,437],"for":[102,364],"each":[103],"student-athlete":[106],"according":[107],"CRA,":[111],"examine":[114],"efficacy":[116,131],"CRA.":[120,135,418],"Design:":[121],"This":[122,149],"was":[123,139,283,293,304,312,333,348],"retrospective":[125],"study":[126,150],"designed":[127],"investigate":[129],"data":[137,154],"analyzed":[138],"part":[140],"larger":[143],"study.":[144],"Setting:":[145],"Research":[146],"laboratory.":[147],"Participants:":[148],"re-evaluated":[151],"previously":[152],"collected":[153],"from":[155,167,212,300],"local":[156],"student-athletes":[159,164,250,338],"(n":[160],"=":[161,227,279],"125).":[162],"included":[165,188,196],"were":[166,218,251,258,264,269,339],"disciplines":[169],"equestrian":[171],"(n=29),":[172],"volleyball":[173,178],"(n=13),":[174],"softball":[175],"(n=17),":[176],"beach":[177],"(n=18),":[179],"soccer":[180],"(n=20),":[181],"ballet":[183],"(n=28).":[184],"Interventions:":[185],"Independent":[186],"variables":[187,195],"sport":[189,221,276],"type.":[190],"Main":[191],"Outcome":[192],"Measures:":[193],"Dependent":[194],"classifications":[199],"(low,":[200],"moderate,":[201],"high)":[202],"corresponding":[204],"(full":[207],"clearance,":[208,210],"provisional":[209],"restricted":[211,299],"training).":[213],"Results:":[214],"Overall,":[215],"significant":[216],"differences":[217,268],"found":[219,271],"between":[220,272],"type":[222,277],"scores":[225],"(P":[226,237,278],".035)":[228],"an":[234,388],"ED":[235,245,369,376,404],"\u2264":[238],"0.01).":[239],"For":[240],"risk,":[246,255,260],"2.4%":[247],"(n=3/125)":[248],"classified":[252,422],"34.4%":[256,350],"(n=43/125)":[257],"moderate":[259,328,341,355,424],"63.2%":[262,358],"(n=79/125)":[263],"risk.":[266,370],"Significant":[267],"also":[270],".045).":[280],"Full":[281],"clearance":[282,292,448],"given":[284,294,305],"24.0%":[286],"(n=30/125)":[287],"athletes,":[289],"provisional/":[290],"limited":[291],"74.4%":[296,336],"(n=93/125)":[297],"training":[301,450],"competing":[303],"1.6%":[307],"(n=2/125).":[308],"Conclusion:":[309],"Since":[310,371],"it":[311,408],"predicted":[313],"that":[314,349],"majority":[316],"study\u2019s":[319],"student-":[321],"would":[323],"be":[324,391,411],"placed":[325],"in":[326,415],"category,":[330],"hypothesis":[332],"supported":[334],"because":[335],"assigned":[340],"(provisional":[343],"clearance).":[344],"Another":[345],"important":[346],"finding":[347],"all":[352],"had":[354,361],"been":[379],"shown":[380],"consequences,":[387],"athlete":[389,421],"could":[390],"considered":[392],"suffer":[396],"future":[397],"medical":[398],"clinical":[403],"diagnosis":[405],"and,":[406],"therefore,":[407],"should":[409],"not":[410],"used":[412],"criteria":[414],"Lastly,":[419],"any":[420],"warrants":[428],"greater":[429],"surveillance":[430],"further":[432],"investigation":[433],"into":[434],"before":[438],"healthcare":[439],"providers":[440],"can":[441],"confidently":[442],"allow":[443],"them":[444],"safe,":[446],"full":[447],"competing.":[452]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2021-07-19T00:00:00"}
