{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3181280331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","title":"Tracing Current Wildlife Trade: An Initial Investigation in Makassar City, Indonesia","display_name":"Tracing Current Wildlife Trade: An Initial Investigation in Makassar City, Indonesia","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3181280331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","mag":"3181280331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","pdf_url":"https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/fs/article/download/9097/6978","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185225","display_name":"Forest and Society","issn_l":"2549-4333","issn":["2549-4333","2549-4724"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315277","host_organization_name":"Hasanuddin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hasanuddin University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forest and Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/fs/article/download/9097/6978","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071338200","display_name":"Risma Illa Maulany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-6725","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-6725"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Risma Illa Maulany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forestry, Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-6725","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forestry, Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050857765","display_name":"Aisyah Mutmainnah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270708","display_name":"Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Republic of Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/016wjmd28","country_code":"ID","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270708"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aisyah Mutmainnah","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Service Agency for Forest Development Funding, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Service Agency for Forest Development Funding, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056836625","display_name":"Nasri Nasri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9857-9588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9857-9588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasri Nasri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forestry, Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9857-9588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forestry, Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103111581","display_name":"Amran Achmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5336-5028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5336-5028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amran Achmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Studies, Postgraduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5336-5028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Studies, Postgraduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027603471","display_name":"Putu Oka Ngakan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-2661","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-2661"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Putu Oka Ngakan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forestry, Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-2661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forestry, Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071338200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"],"apc_list":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"apc_paid":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"fwci":1.7766,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84146141,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"277","last_page":"287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12965","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12965","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10319","display_name":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wildlife-trade","display_name":"wildlife trade","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/makassar","display_name":"Makassar","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pet-trade","display_name":"pet trade","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-routes","display_name":"trade routes","score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protected-species","display_name":"protected species","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cites","display_name":"CITES","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iucn-conservation-status","display_name":"IUCN conservation status","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endemic-species","display_name":"endemic species","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reptiles","display_name":"reptiles","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-prices","display_name":"trade prices","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poaching","display_name":"poaching","score":0.3889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776605222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141338","display_name":"Wildlife trade","level":3,"score":0.9587856531143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95803793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191836","display_name":"CITES","level":2,"score":0.9422621726989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29376679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741","display_name":"Wildlife","level":2,"score":0.8880927562713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24518262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16197023","display_name":"Threatened species","level":3,"score":0.7038244605064392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6119946837425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779207338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9240","display_name":"Indonesian","level":2,"score":0.49123185873031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47559747099876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101991246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422078","display_name":"Extinction (optical mineralogy)","level":2,"score":0.46888467669487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4675440192222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31568149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719675","display_name":"Near-threatened species","level":4,"score":0.45715612173080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147366489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766328","display_name":"Wildlife conservation","level":3,"score":0.41924017667770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.37255582213401794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.34961754083633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33752140402793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3261674642562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.31325194239616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1762542724609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.12866812944412231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09695950150489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","pdf_url":"https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/fs/article/download/9097/6978","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185225","display_name":"Forest and Society","issn_l":"2549-4333","issn":["2549-4333","2549-4724"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315277","host_organization_name":"Hasanuddin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hasanuddin University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forest and Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.unhas.ac.id:6024","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journal.unhas.ac.id/.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922391","display_name":"Hasanuddin University Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bc11c29d26c54e718ae7e222764fe516","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bc11c29d26c54e718ae7e222764fe516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Forest and Society, Vol 5, Iss 2 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v5i2.9097","pdf_url":"https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/fs/article/download/9097/6978","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185225","display_name":"Forest and Society","issn_l":"2549-4333","issn":["2549-4333","2549-4724"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315277","host_organization_name":"Hasanuddin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hasanuddin University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forest and Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326608","display_name":"Universitas Hasanuddin","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3181280331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3181280331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W615937246","https://openalex.org/W1979525550","https://openalex.org/W2047935910","https://openalex.org/W2057807309","https://openalex.org/W2185566968","https://openalex.org/W2316003609","https://openalex.org/W2346062686","https://openalex.org/W2353215468","https://openalex.org/W2467046380","https://openalex.org/W2477108462","https://openalex.org/W2487817889","https://openalex.org/W2762737541","https://openalex.org/W2784531565","https://openalex.org/W2792982887","https://openalex.org/W2929921794","https://openalex.org/W2936309378","https://openalex.org/W2995074354","https://openalex.org/W6714913140","https://openalex.org/W6903759880"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6893165142","https://openalex.org/W3185618357","https://openalex.org/W2792982887","https://openalex.org/W4410260579","https://openalex.org/W7220388679","https://openalex.org/W4214839970","https://openalex.org/W3191420361","https://openalex.org/W4413142892","https://openalex.org/W2221174262","https://openalex.org/W1979525550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wildlife":[0],"trade":[1,43,133,191],"has":[2],"become":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,9,31,47,57,76,111,117,128,137,145,156,162,171,229],"the":[6,29,40,66,115,125,132,166,172,184,203],"main":[7],"causes":[8],"species":[10,24,136,147,155,182,189],"loss":[11],"and":[12,22,62,73,78,91,119,140,151,196,220,226],"extinction.":[13,32],"Increasing":[14],"anthropogenic":[15],"pressure":[16],"posits":[17],"crucial":[18],"challenges":[19],"to":[20,38,202],"wildlife,":[21],"several":[23,82],"are":[25],"threatened":[26],"or":[27],"at":[28],"edge":[30],"In":[33],"this":[34],"study,":[35],"we":[36],"aimed":[37],"examine":[39],"current":[41],"wildlife":[42,79,100,112,122],"in":[44,81,114,165],"Makassar":[45],"City":[46],"South":[48],"Sulawesi,":[49],"especially":[50],"focusing":[51],"on":[52],"traded":[53,164,208],"species,":[54],"their":[55],"area":[56],"origin,":[58],"price,":[59],"conservation":[60],"status":[61],"traders\u2019":[63],"distribution":[64,109],"across":[65],"city.":[67],"We":[68,93],"conducted":[69],"a":[70,85],"market":[71,167],"survey":[72],"direct":[74,216],"observations":[75],"animals":[77,163,209],"traders":[80],"locations,":[83],"using":[84],"questionnaire":[86],"targeting":[87],"both":[88],"wildlife/pet":[89],"sellers":[90],"buyers.":[92],"also":[94],"interviewed":[95],"government":[96],"bodies":[97],"related":[98],"with":[99],"trade.":[101],"Our":[102],"results":[103],"showed":[104],"that":[105],"there":[106],"were":[107,153,168,178,188,198,210],"13":[108],"spots":[110],"trading":[113],"city":[116],"Makassar,":[118],"27":[120],"different":[121,213],"suppliers.":[123],"During":[124],"seven":[126],"months":[127],"observation":[129],"(March-September":[130],"2018),":[131],"involved":[134],"62":[135],"birds,":[138],"mammals":[139],"reptiles.":[141],"More":[142],"than":[143],"50%":[144],"these":[146],"had":[148],"Indonesian":[149,204],"origins,":[150],"18%":[152],"endemic":[154],"Sulawesi":[157,224],"Island.":[158],"The":[159,207],"highest":[160],"number":[161],"birds.":[169],"Out":[170],"2,642":[173],"individuals":[174],"being":[175],"traded,":[176],"32":[177],"considered":[179],"as":[180],"protected":[181,200],"under":[183],"IUCN":[185],"regulation,":[186],"24":[187],"whose":[190],"is":[192],"regulated":[193],"by":[194],"CITES,":[195],"10":[197],"nationally":[199],"according":[201],"Government\u2019s":[205],"Laws.":[206],"obtained":[211],"from":[212,223],"sources,":[214],"including":[215],"hunters,":[217],"middlemen,":[218],"opportunists,":[219],"breeders,":[221],"mostly":[222],"(44.19%)":[225],"western":[227],"parts":[228],"Indonesia":[230],"(37.21%).":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-07-19T00:00:00"}