{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3180010235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","title":"Gender inequality among medical, pharmaceutical and dental practitioners in French hospitals: Where have we been and where are we now?","display_name":"Gender inequality among medical, pharmaceutical and dental practitioners in French hospitals: Where have we been and where are we now?","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3180010235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","mag":"3180010235","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34242351","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8270123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0254311&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0254311&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008284387","display_name":"Antoine Le Boedec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7009-4394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7009-4394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoine Le Boedec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","Rennes 1 University, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7009-4394","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rennes 1 University, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057424105","display_name":"Norah Anthony","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2738-0336","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2738-0336"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norah Anthony","raw_affiliation_strings":["Methodological Support and Biostatistics Unit, University Hospital, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France","National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center 1410 Saint Pierre, Reunion Island, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Methodological Support and Biostatistics Unit, University Hospital, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center 1410 Saint Pierre, Reunion Island, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001789644","display_name":"Cecile M. Vigneau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-0656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-0656"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108239","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9, Environnement et Travail","ror":"https://ror.org/01p178v10","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I165283593","https://openalex.org/I4210108239","https://openalex.org/I49451733","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C\u00e9cile Vigneau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), IRSET-UMR_S 1085, France","Rennes 1 University, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), IRSET-UMR_S 1085, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210108239"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rennes 1 University, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112160890","display_name":"Beno\u00eet Hue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-4143","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-4143"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benoit Hue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087331351","display_name":"Fabrice Lain\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6405-2211","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6405-2211"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrice Laine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","Department of Hepatology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hepatology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060602215","display_name":"Bruno Laviolle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9541-6708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9541-6708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Laviolle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France","Rennes 1 University, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rennes 1 University, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075518094","display_name":"Martine Bonnaure\u2010Mallet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7803","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7803"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martine Bonnaure-Mallet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dental Surgery, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1241 NuMeCAn, France","Rennes 1 University, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dental Surgery, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1241 NuMeCAn, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rennes 1 University, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041378932","display_name":"Astrid Bacle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-1307","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-1307"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108239","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9, Environnement et Travail","ror":"https://ror.org/01p178v10","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I165283593","https://openalex.org/I4210108239","https://openalex.org/I49451733","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Astrid Bacle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), IRSET-UMR_S 1085, France","Rennes 1 University, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-1307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), IRSET-UMR_S 1085, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210108239"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rennes 1 University, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111056529","display_name":"Jean\u2010S\u00e9bastien Allain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8092-8727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8092-8727","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7996-2875"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115380","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Malo","ror":"https://ror.org/02bykxq63","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155724","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jean-S\u00e9bastien Allain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolism Division, Saint Malo Hospital, Saint Malo, France","National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8092-8727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155724"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolism Division, Saint Malo Hospital, Saint Malo, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111056529"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210115380","https://openalex.org/I4210155724"],"apc_list":{"value":1749,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1749},"apc_paid":{"value":1204,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1298},"fwci":2.591,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89247599,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"7","first_page":"e0254311","last_page":"e0254311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13252","display_name":"Sex and Gender in Healthcare","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-inequality","display_name":"gender inequality","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-medicine","display_name":"women in medicine","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-physicians","display_name":"hospital physicians","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-medicine","display_name":"academic medicine","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-pharmacy","display_name":"women in pharmacy","score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-dentistry","display_name":"women in dentistry","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-promotion","display_name":"academic promotion","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-leadership","display_name":"women in leadership","score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-gap-in-medicine","display_name":"gender gap in medicine","score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-gap","display_name":"gender gap","score":0.925000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6570967435836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.6217259764671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104863432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy","level":2,"score":0.551565945148468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.5357811450958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4738519489765167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.2667189836502075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000084803","descriptor_name":"Gender Equity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002322","descriptor_name":"Career Mobility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006280","descriptor_name":"Health Workforce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D024382","descriptor_name":"Professional Role","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0254311&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34242351","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34242351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8270123","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8270123/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03331713v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03331713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, 2021, 16 (7), pp.e0254311. &#x27E8;10.1371/journal.pone.0254311&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2bdf0c624a0643cba7041e9d7e3a520a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2bdf0c624a0643cba7041e9d7e3a520a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0254311 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254311","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0254311&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.9444000124931335,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3180010235.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3180010235.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1621915916","https://openalex.org/W1745479137","https://openalex.org/W1964892304","https://openalex.org/W1975065316","https://openalex.org/W2001132932","https://openalex.org/W2004667441","https://openalex.org/W2025644900","https://openalex.org/W2027900526","https://openalex.org/W2032688904","https://openalex.org/W2035200517","https://openalex.org/W2044151835","https://openalex.org/W2072550673","https://openalex.org/W2102068269","https://openalex.org/W2137402828","https://openalex.org/W2159878718","https://openalex.org/W2163716458","https://openalex.org/W2263759983","https://openalex.org/W2335036046","https://openalex.org/W2338373712","https://openalex.org/W2439360817","https://openalex.org/W2489647827","https://openalex.org/W2746997526","https://openalex.org/W2755581774","https://openalex.org/W2791682822","https://openalex.org/W2792304010","https://openalex.org/W2809835238","https://openalex.org/W2897469819","https://openalex.org/W2904962175","https://openalex.org/W2907723858","https://openalex.org/W2911561274","https://openalex.org/W2913543586","https://openalex.org/W2913616396","https://openalex.org/W2916509675","https://openalex.org/W2927925187","https://openalex.org/W2938040107","https://openalex.org/W2947175323","https://openalex.org/W2950742988","https://openalex.org/W2980336953","https://openalex.org/W2990102222","https://openalex.org/W2991186612","https://openalex.org/W2994472544","https://openalex.org/W2994770165","https://openalex.org/W2999955118","https://openalex.org/W3003715312","https://openalex.org/W3013653146","https://openalex.org/W3014666412","https://openalex.org/W3025323919","https://openalex.org/W3027386923","https://openalex.org/W3031093704","https://openalex.org/W3033890259","https://openalex.org/W3036241160","https://openalex.org/W3041953228","https://openalex.org/W3046555159","https://openalex.org/W3082618729","https://openalex.org/W3087471416","https://openalex.org/W3090692068","https://openalex.org/W3107739230","https://openalex.org/W3169518079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3196214479","https://openalex.org/W2888249997","https://openalex.org/W2731610298","https://openalex.org/W4295123444","https://openalex.org/W1490974828","https://openalex.org/W3041953228","https://openalex.org/W7172489298","https://openalex.org/W7098779989","https://openalex.org/W2045112453","https://openalex.org/W2054232564"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Women":[1,161,203],"are":[2],"under-represented":[3],"in":[4,10,32,87,93,123,140,142,192,295,310,316,320],"senior":[5],"academic":[6],"and":[7,20,27,68,75,84,90,108,127,158,173,197,208,222,230,258,274,290,312],"hospital":[8],"positions":[9,294],"many":[11],"countries.":[12],"The":[13,318],"authors":[14,64],"aim":[15],"to":[16,58,106,113,116,155,246,262,269,277,306,344],"assess":[17],"the":[18,21,47,63,99,117,165,170,176,186,248,332,345],"place":[19],"evolution":[22],"of":[23,40,70,102,120,137,164,169,175,188,251],"all":[24,71,121],"appointed":[25,72,134,205,252],"female":[26,189],"male":[28],"health":[29],"practitioners'":[30],"working":[31,78],"French":[33,88,143,296],"public":[34,144],"Hospitals.":[35],"MATERIALS":[36],"AND":[37],"METHODS:":[38],"Data":[39],"this":[41],"observational":[42],"study":[43],"were":[44,139,183,204],"collected":[45],"from":[46,55,111,260,267,275],"National":[48,52],"Management":[49],"Centre":[50],"(Centre":[51],"de":[53],"Gestion)":[54],"2015":[56,126],"up":[57],"January":[59],"1,":[60],"2020.":[61,94,128],"First,":[62],"described":[65],"demographic":[66],"characteristics":[67],"specialties":[69],"medicine,":[73],"pharmacy,":[74,313],"dentistry":[76,198],"doctors'":[77],"as":[79],"Hospital":[80,166,206,265],"Practitioners,":[81,167,266],"Associate":[82,171,209,272],"Professors,":[83,172,273],"Full":[85,177,190,236,280,307],"Professors":[86,178,191,210,237,281],"General":[89],"University-affiliated":[91],"Hospitals":[92],"Then,":[95],"they":[96],"retrospectively":[97],"reported":[98],"annual":[100,249],"incidence":[101],"new":[103],"entrance":[104],"according":[105],"gender":[107,302,329],"professional":[109],"status":[110,309],"1999":[112,257],"2019":[114,259],"thanks":[115],"appointment":[118],"date":[119],"practitioners":[122,135],"activity":[124,141],"between":[125,185,256],"RESULTS:":[129],"In":[130],"2020,":[131],"51":[132],"401":[133],"(49.7%":[136],"female)":[138],"hospitals":[145],"with":[146],"a":[147,232,301,326],"large":[148],"majority":[149],"being":[150],"medical":[151],"doctors":[152],"(92.4%)":[153],"compared":[154],"pharmacists":[156],"(6%)":[157],"dentists":[159],"(1.6%).":[160],"represented":[162],"52.5%":[163],"48.6%":[168],"22.0%":[174],"(p":[179,282],"<":[180,201,220,243,283],"0.001).":[181,202,244],"There":[182],"disparities":[184],"rates":[187],"medicine":[193,311],"(20.6%),":[194],"pharmacy":[195],"(36.1%),":[196],"(44.3%,":[199],"p":[200,219,227,242],"Practitioners":[207],"earlier":[211],"than":[212],"men":[213],"(respectively":[214],"37.1":[215],"versus":[216,224,239],"38.8":[217],"years,":[218,226,241,335],"0.001":[221,284],"36.1":[223],"36.5":[225],"=":[228],"0.04),":[229],"at":[231],"later":[233],"age":[234],"among":[235],"(43.7":[238],"41.9":[240],"Compared":[245],"men,":[247],"proportion":[250],"women":[253,292],"varied":[254],"significantly":[255],"47.6%":[261],"60.4%":[263],"for":[264,271,279,285],"50.0%":[268],"44.6%":[270],"11.2%":[276],"33.3%":[278],"trend).":[286],"CONCLUSIONS:":[287],"Although":[288],"more":[289,291],"occupy":[293],"hospitals,":[297],"there":[298],"is":[299],"still":[300],"gap":[303],"regarding":[304,342],"access":[305,343],"Professor":[308],"but":[314],"not":[315,338],"dentistry.":[317],"disparity":[319],"numbers":[321],"makes":[322],"comparison":[323],"difficult.":[324],"Despite":[325],"trend":[327],"towards":[328],"equality":[330],"during":[331],"last":[333],"twenty":[334],"it":[336],"has":[337],"yet":[339],"been":[340],"achieved":[341],"highest":[346],"positions.":[347]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-07-19T00:00:00"}
