{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3171364083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","title":"ASSESSMENT OF OUTDOOR RADIATION EXPOSURE LEVELS AND HUMAN HEALTH RISK IN A MAJOR SCRAP METAL MARKET IN ABUJA","display_name":"ASSESSMENT OF OUTDOOR RADIATION EXPOSURE LEVELS AND HUMAN HEALTH RISK IN A MAJOR SCRAP METAL MARKET IN ABUJA","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3171364083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","mag":"3171364083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228592","display_name":"International Journal of Advanced Academic Research","issn_l":"2488-9849","issn":["2488-9849"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Advanced Academic Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030533210","display_name":"I. U. James","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. U James","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"E Onuh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Onuh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109726103","display_name":"Iraguha Moses","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. F Moses","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000573030","display_name":"U. E Ukeme","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. E Ukeme","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064147743","display_name":"J. N Vandi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. N Vandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nuclear Technology Centre, Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission, Abuja,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nuclear Technology Centre, Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission, Abuja,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"92","last_page":"102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.020400000736117363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13923","display_name":"Nuclear and radioactivity studies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-radioactivity","display_name":"environmental radioactivity","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outdoor-gamma-dose-rate","display_name":"outdoor gamma dose rate","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annual-effective-dose-equivalent","display_name":"annual effective dose equivalent","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organ-dose","display_name":"organ dose","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-radiation-exposure","display_name":"occupational radiation exposure","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-radiation-exposure","display_name":"public radiation exposure","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abuja","display_name":"Abuja","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192097918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917714","display_name":"Scrap","level":2,"score":0.9210039377212524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6313315033912659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987857752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Human health","level":2,"score":0.5285061001777649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5085850954055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779925993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336938","display_name":"Radiation exposure","level":2,"score":0.5001013278961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987845665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17072363","display_name":"Occupational exposure","level":2,"score":0.47602468729019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151011524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11573","display_name":"Metre","level":2,"score":0.4518895745277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984618805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2284929","display_name":"Health risk","level":2,"score":0.4331547021865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.426352858543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.3701487183570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.3384746313095093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.2356114387512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18666398525238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.18028348684310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16533222794532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.14197170734405518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10951197147369385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228592","display_name":"International Journal of Advanced Academic Research","issn_l":"2488-9849","issn":["2488-9849"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Advanced Academic Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.e7573","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228592","display_name":"International Journal of Advanced Academic Research","issn_l":"2488-9849","issn":["2488-9849"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Advanced Academic Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171364083.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171364083.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059446097","https://openalex.org/W2107738178","https://openalex.org/W2324636740","https://openalex.org/W2594731386","https://openalex.org/W2746057782","https://openalex.org/W3037080236"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7168129945","https://openalex.org/W3037080236","https://openalex.org/W4320010329","https://openalex.org/W4294955630","https://openalex.org/W3014567817","https://openalex.org/W2043775448","https://openalex.org/W7133950675","https://openalex.org/W2893311521","https://openalex.org/W6949849586","https://openalex.org/W3095632656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Scrap":[1],"metal":[2,22,78],"can":[3,17,31,44],"contain":[4],"sources":[5],"of":[6,127,175,188,197,215,242,277],"radiation":[7,67,143,187,321],"with":[8,20,172,239],"the":[9,40,52,65,118,125,133,152,156,162,184,192,205,211,219,252,262,265,269,272,278,281,286,290,301,313,316],"associated":[10,19],"environmental":[11,57,142],"and":[12,26,36,50,70,98,129,221,315],"health":[13,46,72,310],"risks.":[14],"Radioactive":[15],"substances":[16],"become":[18],"scrap":[21,77],"in":[23,74,80,112],"various":[24],"ways":[25],"if":[27],"not":[28,305],"discovered":[29],"they":[30],"be":[32],"incorporated":[33],"into":[34],"steel":[35],"non-ferrous":[37],"metals":[38],"through":[39],"melting":[41],"process.":[42],"This":[43],"cause":[45],"hazards":[47],"to":[48,51,141,169,235,257,280,320],"workers":[49,314],"public":[53,220,318],"as":[54,56],"well":[55],"concerns":[58],"Objectives:":[59],"this":[60],"study":[61,302],"aimed":[62],"at":[63,114],"assessing":[64],"outdoor":[66,157],"exposure":[68,134,158,322],"levels":[69],"human":[71],"risk":[73],"a":[75,91,99,138,173,240],"major":[76],"market":[79],"Abuja,":[81],"FCT.":[82],"Method:":[83],"An":[84],"in-situ":[85],"measurement":[86],"approach":[87],"was":[88,110],"adopted":[89],"using":[90],"factory":[92],"calibrated":[93],"Radiagem-2000":[94],"Universal":[95],"Survey":[96],"Meter":[97],"handheld":[100],"Global":[101],"Positioning":[102],"System":[103],"(Garmin":[104],"GPS":[105],"76S)":[106],"equipment.":[107],"The":[108,148,200,228,255,275,296],"monitor":[109],"suspended":[111],"air":[113],"one":[115],"meter":[116,136],"above":[117],"ground":[119],"level.":[120],"Readings":[121],"were":[122],"obtained":[123],"between":[124],"hours":[126,131],"1200":[128],"1600":[130],"since":[132],"rate":[135,160],"has":[137,271],"maximum":[139,194],"response":[140],"within":[144],"these":[145],"hours.":[146],"Results:":[147],"results":[149,201],"showed":[150,283],"that":[151,204,261,284,300],"average":[153],"values":[154,207,287],"for":[155,161,218,224],"dose":[159,267,279],"three":[163],"location":[164],"ranges":[165,230],"from":[166,231],"0.173\u00b10.042":[167],"\u03bcSv/h":[168,171],"0.177\u00b10.046":[170],"mean":[174,241],"0.176\u00b10.045":[176],"\u03bcSv/h.":[177,199],"These":[178],"values,":[179],"though,":[180],"slightly":[181],"higher":[182,250],"than":[183,210,251],"standard":[185],"background":[186],"0.133":[189],"\u03bcSv/h,are":[190],"below":[191,289],"ICRP":[193,212],"permissible":[195],"limit":[196],"0.57":[198],"also":[202],"show":[203],"AEDE":[206],"are":[208,288],"lower":[209],"recommended":[213],"limits":[214],"1.0":[216],"mSv/y":[217,223],"20":[222],"occupationally":[225],"exposed":[226],"workers.":[227],"ELCR":[229],"0.5926":[232],"x":[233,237,244],"10-3":[234,238,245],"0.6049":[236],"0.6008":[243],"which":[246],"is":[247],"2.1":[248],"times":[249],"world\u2019s":[253],"average.":[254],"dosage":[256],"organs":[258,282],"received":[259],"shows":[260,299],"testes":[263],"have":[264],"highest":[266],"while":[268],"liver":[270],"lowest":[273],"dose.":[274],"result":[276],"all":[285],"international":[291],"tolerable":[292],"limits.":[293],"Conclusion:":[294],"Generally,":[295],"radiological":[297,309],"assessment":[298],"area":[303],"does":[304],"constitute":[306],"any":[307],"immediate":[308],"effect":[311],"on":[312],"general":[317],"due":[319],"rate.":[323]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2021-06-22T00:00:00"}
