{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3168965486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","title":"Public policymaking for international agricultural trade using association rules and ensemble machine learning","display_name":"Public policymaking for international agricultural trade using association rules and ensemble machine learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3168965486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","mag":"3168965486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021000232/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021000232/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014466153","display_name":"Feras A. Batarseh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-2747","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-2747"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Feras A. Batarseh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Arlington, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-2747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Arlington, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089839979","display_name":"Munisamy Gopinath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-7548","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-7548"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Munisamy Gopinath","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Georgia, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Athens, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-7548","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Georgia, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Athens, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060556967","display_name":"Anderson Monken","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7137-6027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7137-6027"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802905149","display_name":"Federal Reserve Board of Governors","ror":"https://ror.org/00v448643","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317239608","https://openalex.org/I2802905149"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anderson Monken","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Washington, D.C., USA","Georgetown University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7137-6027","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Washington, D.C., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802905149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044127434","display_name":"Zhengrong Gu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengrong Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgetown University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014466153"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":5.6719,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96010739,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"100046","last_page":"100046"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.725600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.725600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13373","display_name":"Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications","score":0.10209999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.06669999659061432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-agricultural-trade","display_name":"international agricultural trade","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association-rule-mining","display_name":"association rule mining","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"ensemble learning","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-disputes","display_name":"trade disputes","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-war","display_name":"trade war","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-swan-events","display_name":"black swan events","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-policy","display_name":"trade policy","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imports-and-exports","display_name":"imports and exports","score":0.6549999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5974227786064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5912482738494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.45367783308029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3913993537425995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3809420168399811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35050129890441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34353744983673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3404357433319092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.32034459710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29811352491378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16925832629203796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12068745493888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021000232/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:arx:papers:2111.07508","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.07508","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.07508","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2111.07508","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2111.07508","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.07508","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3212173075","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2111.07508.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:26464e8b41f14a82b5f2437d6b409072","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/26464e8b41f14a82b5f2437d6b409072","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications, Vol 5, Iss , Pp 100046- (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2111.07508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2111.07508","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2111.07508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100046","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021000232/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6735000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3168965486.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3168965486.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W89012550","https://openalex.org/W187635783","https://openalex.org/W1556507321","https://openalex.org/W1574457532","https://openalex.org/W1593748280","https://openalex.org/W1972225102","https://openalex.org/W2012784982","https://openalex.org/W2036812261","https://openalex.org/W2038581084","https://openalex.org/W2070720254","https://openalex.org/W2155419203","https://openalex.org/W2166559705","https://openalex.org/W2170057503","https://openalex.org/W2185788000","https://openalex.org/W2207780529","https://openalex.org/W2231640202","https://openalex.org/W2337861136","https://openalex.org/W2485794806","https://openalex.org/W2509975002","https://openalex.org/W2516005877","https://openalex.org/W2516884094","https://openalex.org/W2529342306","https://openalex.org/W2569225182","https://openalex.org/W2590822772","https://openalex.org/W2610886376","https://openalex.org/W2768348081","https://openalex.org/W2784372453","https://openalex.org/W2791884409","https://openalex.org/W2885770726","https://openalex.org/W2890116734","https://openalex.org/W2896744186","https://openalex.org/W2902446294","https://openalex.org/W2922412809","https://openalex.org/W2922705140","https://openalex.org/W2924630579","https://openalex.org/W2942190862","https://openalex.org/W2945044154","https://openalex.org/W2950295835","https://openalex.org/W2969376125","https://openalex.org/W2976118977","https://openalex.org/W2977427063","https://openalex.org/W2979475604","https://openalex.org/W2996952910","https://openalex.org/W3011120880","https://openalex.org/W3011183947","https://openalex.org/W3012645029","https://openalex.org/W3024323036","https://openalex.org/W3035858731","https://openalex.org/W3109861757","https://openalex.org/W3121623871","https://openalex.org/W3122486469","https://openalex.org/W3125057276","https://openalex.org/W3125426903","https://openalex.org/W3126041111","https://openalex.org/W3145557678","https://openalex.org/W4239743599","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302070056"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3063959334","https://openalex.org/W3123905653","https://openalex.org/W4285202472","https://openalex.org/W2979475604","https://openalex.org/W6888871780","https://openalex.org/W3024323036","https://openalex.org/W4312343211","https://openalex.org/W4381087307","https://openalex.org/W2560494366","https://openalex.org/W4413987091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"International":[0],"economics":[1],"has":[2,97],"a":[3],"long":[4],"history":[5],"of":[6,10,17,20,123],"improving":[7],"our":[8,117],"understanding":[9],"factors":[11],"causing":[12],"trade,":[13],"and":[14,22,49,85,88,126,150],"the":[15,30,52,105],"consequences":[16],"free":[18],"flow":[19],"goods":[21],"services":[23],"across":[24],"countries.":[25],"The":[26],"recent":[27],"shocks":[28],"to":[29,57,68,141,153],"free-trade":[31],"regime,":[32],"especially":[33],"trade":[34,47,131,145],"disputes":[35],"among":[36],"major":[37],"economies,":[38],"as":[39,41,46,111],"well":[40],"black":[42],"swan":[43],"events":[44],"(such":[45,110],"wars":[48],"pandemics),":[50],"raise":[51],"need":[53],"for":[54,101,112],"improved":[55,143],"predictions":[56],"inform":[58],"policy":[59,154],"decisions.":[60],"Artificial":[61],"Intelligence":[62],"(AI)":[63],"methods":[64,82,138],"are":[65,139],"allowing":[66],"economists":[67],"solve":[69],"such":[70],"prediction":[71],"problems":[72],"in":[73],"new":[74],"ways.":[75],"In":[76,116],"this":[77],"manuscript,":[78],"we":[79,120],"present":[80,121],"novel":[81],"that":[83],"predict":[84],"associate":[86],"food":[87],"agricultural":[89,144],"commodities":[90],"traded":[91],"internationally.":[92],"Association":[93],"Rules":[94],"(AR)":[95],"analysis":[96,122],"been":[98],"deployed":[99],"successfully":[100],"economic":[102],"scenarios":[103],"at":[104],"consumer":[106],"or":[107],"store":[108],"level":[109],"market":[113],"basket":[114],"analysis).":[115],"work":[118],"however;":[119],"imports/exports":[124],"associations":[125],"their":[127],"effects":[128],"on":[129],"country\u2013commodity":[130],"flows.":[132],"Moreover,":[133],"Ensemble":[134],"Machine":[135],"Learning":[136],"(EML)":[137],"developed":[140],"provide":[142],"predictions,":[146],"outlier":[147],"events\u2019":[148],"implications,":[149],"quantitative":[151],"pointers":[152],"makers.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2021-06-22T00:00:00"}