{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3166567657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","title":"Trade Liberalization Along the Firm Size Distribution: The Case of the EU-South Korea FTA","display_name":"Trade Liberalization Along the Firm Size Distribution: The Case of the EU-South Korea FTA","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3166567657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","mag":"3166567657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/roie.12690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/roie.12690","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71783669","display_name":"Review of International Economics","issn_l":"0965-7576","issn":["0965-7576","1467-9396"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of International Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/roie.12690","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023624746","display_name":"Sonali Chowdhry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-3840","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-3840"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282776028","display_name":"German Institute for Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0050vmv35","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282776028","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308524038","display_name":"Kiel Institute for the World Economy","ror":"https://ror.org/032yym934","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308524038","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sonali Chowdhry","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIW Berlin European University Institute & Kiel Institute for the World Economy Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-3840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIW Berlin European University Institute & Kiel Institute for the World Economy Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282776028","https://openalex.org/I1308524038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060119943","display_name":"Gabriel J Felbermayr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-9745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-9745"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315541505","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0515pjs57","country_code":"AT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315541505"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Felbermayr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Austrian Institute of Economic Research, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Austrian Institute of Economic Research, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315541505"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023624746"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282776028","https://openalex.org/I1308524038"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"apc_paid":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"fwci":1.8356,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86440926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"5","first_page":"1751","last_page":"1792"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14143","display_name":"Economic and Technological Innovation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-liberalization","display_name":"trade liberalization","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-size-distribution","display_name":"firm size distribution","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-trade-agreements","display_name":"free trade agreements","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-tariff-barriers","display_name":"non-tariff barriers","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/export-sales","display_name":"export sales","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customs-data","display_name":"customs data","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/french-exporters","display_name":"French exporters","score":0.33799999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68443243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2786686","display_name":"Quartile","level":3,"score":0.7996947765350342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.652055561542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.6323308944702148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5995718836784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58823610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746418","display_name":"Liberalization","level":2,"score":0.5679941773414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.5331436991691589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35532855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200435","display_name":"Free trade","level":2,"score":0.528517484664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780967403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256330","display_name":"Bilateral trade","level":3,"score":0.44893181324005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4412638545036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992128022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5598083","display_name":"Gravity equation","level":4,"score":0.4121851325035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776444413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4119931","display_name":"Rules of origin","level":3,"score":0.4108158349990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12948182225227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06470373272895813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/roie.12690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/roie.12690","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71783669","display_name":"Review of International Economics","issn_l":"0965-7576","issn":["0965-7576","1467-9396"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of International Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.3812068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3812068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3812068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ces:ceswps:_8951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ifo.de/DocDL/cesifo1_wp8951.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.ifo.de/DocDL/cesifo1_wp8951.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:zbw:ifwkwp:2176","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/243308/1/kwp2176rev.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/243308/1/kwp2176rev.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/288150","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10419/288150","pdf_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/288150/1/ROIE_ROIE12690.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/235321","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/235321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:workingPaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/243308","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/243308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:workingPaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/roie.12690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12690","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/roie.12690","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71783669","display_name":"Review of International Economics","issn_l":"0965-7576","issn":["0965-7576","1467-9396"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of International Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7825999855995178,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2189472788","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4937468798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6576882285","display_name":"EU TRADE AND INVESTMENT POLICY","funder_award_id":"721916","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7358480839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7422463063","display_name":"EU TRADE AND INVESTMENT POLICY","funder_award_id":"721916","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321652","display_name":"Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule Z\u00fcrich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328468","display_name":"Institut f\u00fcr Weltwirtschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/032yym934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166567657.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166567657.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1758558162","https://openalex.org/W1967014080","https://openalex.org/W2066265526","https://openalex.org/W2069994739","https://openalex.org/W2124933622","https://openalex.org/W2133852399","https://openalex.org/W2140072776","https://openalex.org/W2163362767","https://openalex.org/W2167495637","https://openalex.org/W2248638361","https://openalex.org/W2249253775","https://openalex.org/W2413417588","https://openalex.org/W2432127997","https://openalex.org/W2488244951","https://openalex.org/W2779478105","https://openalex.org/W2788821120","https://openalex.org/W2809922482","https://openalex.org/W2883659514","https://openalex.org/W2892341412","https://openalex.org/W2968945852","https://openalex.org/W3023875755","https://openalex.org/W3122471154","https://openalex.org/W3123246357","https://openalex.org/W3123416761","https://openalex.org/W3124650299","https://openalex.org/W3174325916","https://openalex.org/W3202370556","https://openalex.org/W4309081354"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2281305870","https://openalex.org/W1971258793","https://openalex.org/W6987700765","https://openalex.org/W7034394536","https://openalex.org/W3170377247","https://openalex.org/W3121241542","https://openalex.org/W4366716688","https://openalex.org/W4304789569","https://openalex.org/W2900175148","https://openalex.org/W3123452226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Leading":[1],"theories":[2],"suggest":[3,91],"that":[4,55,80],"amongst":[5],"continuing":[6],"exporters,":[7],"lower":[8],"variable":[9],"trade":[10],"costs":[11],"should":[12],"boost":[13],"exports":[14],"of":[15,32,64,79,99],"smaller":[16],"firms":[17],"by":[18,67,85],"the":[19,30,33,47,56,61,73,96],"same":[20],"or":[21],"greater":[22],"percentage":[23],"rate":[24],"than":[25,71,77],"larger":[26],"firms.":[27],"However,":[28],"investigating":[29],"impact":[31],"deep":[34],"EU\u2010South":[35],"Korea":[36],"FTA":[37,57],"with":[38],"French":[39],"customs":[40],"data,":[41],"we":[42,53],"find":[43],"robust":[44],"evidence":[45],"to":[46],"contrary.":[48],"Applying":[49],"a":[50],"triple\u2010difference":[51],"framework,":[52],"report":[54],"increased":[58],"sales":[59],"in":[60,72,87],"top":[62],"quartile":[63],"continuous":[65],"exporters":[66],"71.5%":[68],"points":[69],"more":[70],"bottom":[74],"quartile.":[75],"More":[76],"90%":[78],"growth":[81],"premium":[82],"is":[83],"driven":[84],"reductions":[86],"NTBs.":[88],"These":[89],"findings":[90],"an":[92],"additional":[93],"channel":[94],"driving":[95],"distributional":[97],"effects":[98],"FTAs.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-06-22T00:00:00"}