{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3164515430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","title":"Apophenia as the Disposition to False Positives: A Unifying Framework for the Openness-Psychoticism Dimension","display_name":"Apophenia as the Disposition to False Positives: A Unifying Framework for the Openness-Psychoticism Dimension","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3164515430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","mag":"3164515430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040044683","display_name":"Scott D. Blain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2751-3629","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2751-3629"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott D. Blain","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2751-3629","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056212923","display_name":"Julia Longenecker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2713-4853","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2713-4853"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Longenecker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071673808","display_name":"Rachael G. Grazioplene","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-4531","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-4531"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachael Grazioplene","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081652342","display_name":"Bonnie Klimes\u2010Dougan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-0038","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-0038"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bonnie Klimes-Dougan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088487882","display_name":"Colin G. DeYoung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-1091","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-1091"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin G. DeYoung","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-1091","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11040","display_name":"Personality Traits and Psychology","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13397","display_name":"Hallucinations in medical conditions","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apophenia","display_name":"apophenia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychoticism","display_name":"psychoticism","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-schizotypy","display_name":"positive schizotypy","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openness-to-experience","display_name":"openness to experience","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-results","display_name":"false positives","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-seeking","display_name":"pattern seeking","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-mind","display_name":"theory of mind","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"emotion recognition","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digit-recognition","display_name":"digit recognition","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-detection","display_name":"signal detection","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-association","display_name":"word association","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligence","display_name":"intelligence","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-traits","display_name":"personality traits","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosis-spectrum","display_name":"psychosis spectrum","score":0.7730000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779924438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1972441","display_name":"Psychoticism","level":5,"score":0.9218840599060059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7568572163581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84976871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015673","display_name":"Openness to experience","level":2,"score":0.7492110729217529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777727901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099410","display_name":"Schizotypy","level":3,"score":0.7117581367492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.5872162580490112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123273963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624758","display_name":"Psychopathology","level":2,"score":0.558086633682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127816348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127588","display_name":"Extraversion and introversion","level":4,"score":0.5204001665115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172141706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307067","display_name":"Conscientiousness","level":5,"score":0.46043533086776733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.42604079842567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779043874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189643","display_name":"Delusion","level":2,"score":0.4116648733615875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.40400996804237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3791823983192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.32667553424835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.13765844702720642}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:460EA-BB1-AE7","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.31234/OSF.IO/D9WKC","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:c6e0bcbd-3e55-49cd-957b-f44eab714b9f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d9wkc","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014018131","https://openalex.org/W4403772159","https://openalex.org/W3026253083","https://openalex.org/W4313190001","https://openalex.org/W7160320621","https://openalex.org/W2014167464","https://openalex.org/W4323537644","https://openalex.org/W2032825322","https://openalex.org/W3171196877","https://openalex.org/W7152467571"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Positive":[0],"symptoms":[1,28,43],"of":[2,17,53,73,79,100,110,122,204,214,243,252,256,267],"schizophrenia":[3],"and":[4,41,51,70,97,124,137,143,151,182,184,216,221,224,238],"its":[5,217],"extended":[6],"phenotype\u2014often":[7],"termed":[8],"psychoticism":[9,69,144,185],"or":[10,168],"positive":[11,27,38,42,104,164,244],"schizotypy\u2014are":[12],"characterized":[13],"by":[14,162],"the":[15,66,77,202,212,235,250,265],"inclusion":[16],"novel,":[18],"erroneous":[19],"mental":[20],"contents.":[21],"One":[22],"promising":[23,229],"framework":[24],"for":[25,231,239,264],"explaining":[26],"involves":[29],"\u201capophenia,\u201d":[30],"conceptualized":[31],"here":[32],"as":[33,160,258,260],"a":[34,108],"disposition":[35],"toward":[36,58],"false":[37,103,163,190],"errors.":[39,192],"Apophenia":[40,174,223],"have":[44,64],"shown":[45],"relations":[46,67],"to":[47,49,90,198,206,219],"Openness":[48,142],"Experience,":[50],"all":[52],"these":[54],"constructs":[55,230],"involve":[56],"tendencies":[57],"pattern":[59,225],"seeking.":[60],"Nonetheless,":[61],"few":[62],"studies":[63],"investigated":[65],"between":[68,93],"non-self-report":[71,98],"indicators":[72,99],"apophenia,":[74,159,257],"let":[75],"alone":[76],"role":[78],"normal":[80],"personality":[81,180,220],"variation.":[82],"The":[83],"current":[84],"research":[85],"used":[86],"structural":[87],"equation":[88],"models":[89],"test":[91],"associations":[92],"psychoticism,":[94,149],"openness,":[95,150],"intelligence,":[96],"apophenia":[101,199,215],"comprising":[102],"error":[105,165],"rates":[106],"on":[107],"variety":[109],"computerized":[111],"tasks.":[112,127,141],"In":[113,128],"Sample":[114,129],"1,":[115],"1193":[116],"participants":[117,132],"completed":[118,133],"digit":[119],"identification,":[120],"theory":[121],"mind,":[123],"emotion":[125],"recognition":[126],"2,":[130],"195":[131],"auditory":[134],"signal":[135],"detection":[136],"semantic":[138],"word":[139],"association":[140],"were":[145,155,186,200],"positively":[146,156],"correlated.":[147],"Self-reported":[148],"their":[152],"shared":[153],"variance":[154],"associated":[157,177,188],"with":[158,178,189,234],"indexed":[161],"rates,":[166],"whether":[167],"not":[169,176,187],"intelligence":[170],"was":[171,175],"controlled":[172],"for.":[173],"other":[179],"traits,":[181],"openness":[183,233],"negative":[191],"Standardized":[193],"regression":[194],"paths":[195],"from":[196],"openness-psychoticism":[197],"in":[201,249],"range":[203],".61":[205],".75.":[207],"Findings":[208],"provide":[209],"insights":[210],"into":[211],"measurement":[213],"relation":[218],"psychopathology.":[222],"seeking":[226],"may":[227],"be":[228],"unifying":[232],"psychosis":[236],"spectrum":[237],"providing":[240],"an":[241],"explanation":[242],"symptoms.":[245],"Results":[246],"are":[247],"discussed":[248],"context":[251],"possible":[253],"adaptive":[254],"characteristics":[255],"well":[259],"potential":[261],"risk":[262],"factors":[263],"development":[266],"psychotic":[268],"disorders.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2021-06-07T00:00:00"}
