{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3162393497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","title":"ACE2 polymorphism and susceptibility for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of COVID-19","display_name":"ACE2 polymorphism and susceptibility for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of COVID-19","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3162393497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","mag":"3162393497","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001841","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8415730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192301155","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Genomics","issn_l":"1744-6872","issn":["1744-6872","1744-6880"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Genomics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030635588","display_name":"Birte M\u00f6hlendick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-8585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-8585"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Birte M\u00f6hlendick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Pharmacogenetics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Pharmacogenetics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009757300","display_name":"Kristina Sch\u00f6nfelder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1072-5098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1072-5098"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kristina Sch\u00f6nfelder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072058946","display_name":"Katharina Breuckmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katharina Breuckmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085436476","display_name":"Carina Elsner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6590-8413","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6590-8413"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carina Elsner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037283048","display_name":"Nina Babel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-712X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-712X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nina Babel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Translational Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Translational Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063821098","display_name":"Paul Balfanz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9539-4804","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9539-4804"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120689","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Aachen","ror":"https://ror.org/02gm5zw39","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120689"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Balfanz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042448145","display_name":"Edgar Dahl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8439-7994","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8439-7994"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edgar Dahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Centralized Biomaterial Bank (RWTH cBMB), Medical Faculty"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Centralized Biomaterial Bank (RWTH cBMB), Medical Faculty","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059018267","display_name":"Michael Dreher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-5329","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-5329"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120689","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Aachen","ror":"https://ror.org/02gm5zw39","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120689"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Dreher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pneumology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pneumology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120689","https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065113019","display_name":"David Fistera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-0123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-0123"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Fistera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Emergency Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Emergency Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002435541","display_name":"Frank Herbstreit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4185-0154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4185-0154"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Herbstreit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104035242","display_name":"Bodo H\u00f6lzer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bodo H\u00f6lzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michael Koch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154572","display_name":"Evangelisches Krankenhaus Mettmann","ror":"https://ror.org/054zxwt86","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154572"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Nephrology Mettmann, Mettmann"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Nephrology Mettmann, Mettmann","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154572"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010250434","display_name":"Matthias Kohnle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154572","display_name":"Evangelisches Krankenhaus Mettmann","ror":"https://ror.org/054zxwt86","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154572"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Kohnle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Nephrology Mettmann, Mettmann"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Nephrology Mettmann, Mettmann","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154572"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019976194","display_name":"Nikolaus Marx","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6141-634X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6141-634X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120689","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Aachen","ror":"https://ror.org/02gm5zw39","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120689"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaus Marx","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072350902","display_name":"Joachim Ri\u00dfe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1671-8506","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1671-8506"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joachim Risse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Emergency Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Emergency Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045780650","display_name":"Karsten Schmidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8373-9406","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8373-9406"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karsten Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040036767","display_name":"Sarah Skrzypczyk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Skrzypczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Translational Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Translational Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032049589","display_name":"Sivagurunathan Sutharsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-4900","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-4900"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089079","display_name":"Ruhrlandklinik","ror":"https://ror.org/006c8a128","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270573","display_name":"Stiftung Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/00ykp8811","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270573"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sivagurunathan Sutharsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089079","https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I4405270573"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040230220","display_name":"Christian Taube","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3546-1398","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3546-1398"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089079","display_name":"Ruhrlandklinik","ror":"https://ror.org/006c8a128","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270573","display_name":"Stiftung Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/00ykp8811","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270573"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Taube","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089079","https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I4405270573"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048155216","display_name":"Timm H. Westhoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5797-834X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5797-834X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timm H. Westhoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060093906","display_name":"Karl\u2010Heinz J\u00f6ckel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1987-0255","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1987-0255"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl-Heinz J\u00f6ckel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016243200","display_name":"Ulf Dittmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-4849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-4849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulf Dittmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012221762","display_name":"Winfried Siffert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Winfried Siffert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Pharmacogenetics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Pharmacogenetics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050533188","display_name":"Andreas Kribben","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-7507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-7507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Kribben","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology","to Andreas Kribben, Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany, Tel: +49 201 723 6551"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"to Andreas Kribben, Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany, Tel: +49 201 723 6551","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009757300","https://openalex.org/A5030635588"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":{"value":1718,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1852},"fwci":9.0159,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":134,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98321168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"8","first_page":"165","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.09709999710321426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.019200000911951065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ace2","display_name":"ACE2","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphisms","display_name":"single nucleotide polymorphisms","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rs2285666","display_name":"rs2285666","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-susceptibility","display_name":"genetic susceptibility","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-severity","display_name":"disease severity","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19-mortality","display_name":"COVID-19 mortality","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-entry","display_name":"viral entry","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-genetics","display_name":"host genetics","score":0.3409999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.8762191534042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.820054292678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.7899200916290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.6914977431297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16532287","display_name":"Betacoronavirus","level":5,"score":0.5280901789665222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149737253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3240252","display_name":"Polymorphism (computer science)","level":4,"score":0.4597056806087494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4359997808933258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909376813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57751738","display_name":"Coronavirus Infections","level":5,"score":0.4180028438568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3689550757408142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3346601724624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.2928275167942047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.16125649213790894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.13891208171844482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.08800476789474487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08442375063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.04886654019355774}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000085962","descriptor_name":"Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192301155","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Genomics","issn_l":"1744-6872","issn":["1744-6872","1744-6880"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Genomics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8415730","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8415730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenet Genomics","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34001841","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenetics and genomics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bibliographie.ub.uni-due.de:ubo_mods_00167724","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34001841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055102","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsbibliographie, Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:duepublico2.uni-due.de:duepublico_mods_00076173","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:465-20220705-152633-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400212","display_name":"DuEPublico (University of Duisburg-Essen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","host_organization_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:846139","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-247552%22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenetics and genomics 31(8), 165-171 (2021). doi:10.1097/FPC.0000000000000436","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fpc.0000000000000436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192301155","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Genomics","issn_l":"1744-6872","issn":["1744-6872","1744-6880"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Genomics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007866706","https://openalex.org/W2022672007","https://openalex.org/W2063299162","https://openalex.org/W2082133861","https://openalex.org/W2091671824","https://openalex.org/W2097532633","https://openalex.org/W2127470172","https://openalex.org/W2136413073","https://openalex.org/W2158252240","https://openalex.org/W2160670907","https://openalex.org/W2503450476","https://openalex.org/W2945835065","https://openalex.org/W2969389395","https://openalex.org/W3006882119","https://openalex.org/W3009912996","https://openalex.org/W3013348477","https://openalex.org/W3015681862","https://openalex.org/W3019445414","https://openalex.org/W3019773443","https://openalex.org/W3021242766","https://openalex.org/W3023787531","https://openalex.org/W3024542773","https://openalex.org/W3025322885","https://openalex.org/W3028304179","https://openalex.org/W3036779511","https://openalex.org/W3038462367","https://openalex.org/W3041319886","https://openalex.org/W3042860993","https://openalex.org/W3043649968","https://openalex.org/W3046101830","https://openalex.org/W3082231643","https://openalex.org/W3084461088","https://openalex.org/W3087151262","https://openalex.org/W3101339062","https://openalex.org/W6652519564","https://openalex.org/W6781415506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214696345","https://openalex.org/W4380354977","https://openalex.org/W4388501924","https://openalex.org/W4410994946","https://openalex.org/W4303696702","https://openalex.org/W4391786495","https://openalex.org/W4210404056","https://openalex.org/W4220888416","https://openalex.org/W4306717808","https://openalex.org/W4312176840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"The":[1],"RNA":[2],"virus":[3],"severe":[4],"acute":[5],"respiratory":[6],"syndrome":[7],"coronavirus":[8,14],"2":[9],"(SARS-CoV-2)":[10],"is":[11,20],"responsible":[12],"for":[13,70,109,190,222],"disease":[15,157,192],"2019":[16],"(COVID-19).":[17],"Cell":[18],"entry":[19,52],"mediated":[21],"by":[22],"the":[23,60,68,74,87,102,105,113,133,163,180,194,211,220,226],"human":[24],"angiotensin-converting":[25,34],"enzyme":[26,35],"II":[27],"(ACE2).":[28],"ACE2":[29,89,131,181,217],"and":[30,55,73,90,95,112,119,127,149,200,225],"its":[31],"close":[32],"homolog":[33],"I":[36],"(ACE)":[37],"are":[38],"currently":[39],"discussed":[40],"candidate":[41],"genes,":[42],"in":[43,59,86,92],"which":[44],"single-nucleotide":[45],"polymorphisms":[46],"(SNPs)":[47],"could":[48,66],"alter":[49],"binding":[50],"or":[51,62,136,158,172],"of":[53,76,84,104,115,174,228],"SARS-CoV-2":[54,71,110,146,223],"enhance":[56],"tissue":[57],"damage":[58],"lung":[61],"other":[63],"organs.":[64],"This":[65],"increase":[67],"susceptibility":[69,108],"infection":[72,111,147,170,224],"severity":[75,114,173],"COVID-19.":[77,116],"PATIENTS":[78],"AND":[79],"METHODS:":[80],"We":[81,100],"performed":[82],"genotyping":[83],"SNPs":[85,106],"genes":[88],"ACE":[91,164],"297":[93],"SARS-CoV-2-positive":[94,118],"253":[96],"SARS-CoV-2-negative":[97,120],"tested":[98],"patients.":[99],"analyzed":[101],"association":[103],"with":[107,141],"RESULTS:":[117],"patients":[121],"did":[122],"not":[123,167],"differ":[124],"regarding":[125],"demographics":[126],"clinical":[128],"characteristics.":[129],"For":[130],"rs2285666,":[132],"GG":[134],"genotype":[135],"G-allele":[137,183],"was":[138,166],"significantly":[139],"associated":[140],"an":[142,186],"almost":[143],"two-fold":[144],"increased":[145,152],"risk":[148,153,171,188,196,221,234],"a":[150,177,215],"three-fold":[151],"to":[154,169,209],"develop":[155],"serious":[156,191],"COVID-19":[159,229],"fatality.":[160],"In":[161,176,204],"contrast,":[162],"polymorphism":[165,218],"related":[168],"disease.":[175,202],"multivariable":[178],"analysis,":[179],"rs2285666":[182],"remained":[184],"as":[185],"independent":[187],"factor":[189],"besides":[193],"known":[195],"factors":[197],"male":[198],"gender":[199],"cardiovascular":[201],"CONCLUSIONS:":[203],"summary,":[205],"our":[206],"report":[207],"appears":[208],"be":[210],"first":[212],"showing":[213],"that":[214],"common":[216],"impacts":[219],"course":[227],"independently":[230],"from":[231],"previously":[232],"described":[233],"factors.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-05-24T00:00:00"}
