{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160280853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","title":"The Effect of Risk Representation Using Colors and Symbols in Business Process Models on Operational Risk Management Performance","display_name":"The Effect of Risk Representation Using Colors and Symbols in Business Process Models on Operational Risk Management Performance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160280853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","mag":"3160280853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17705/1jais.00676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","pdf_url":"https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2015&context=jais","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30879505","display_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","issn_l":"1536-9323","issn":["1536-9323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321080","host_organization_name":"Association for Information Systems","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321080"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Information Systems"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2015&context=jais","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026550086","display_name":"Tyge\u2010F. Kummer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-5255","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-5255"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyge-F. Kummer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queensland University of Technology","QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Australia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Australia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062764959","display_name":"Jan Mendling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-524X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-524X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102248843","display_name":"Vienna University of Economics and Business","ror":"https://ror.org/03yn8s215","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102248843"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Mendling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vienna University of Economics and Business","Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Economics and Business","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102248843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102248843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2119,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91754488,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"3","first_page":"649","last_page":"694"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9286999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9286999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.0210999995470047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-representation","display_name":"risk representation","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color","display_name":"color","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbols","display_name":"symbols","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-process-modeling","display_name":"business process modeling","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-process-model-and-notation","display_name":"BPMN","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-risk-management","display_name":"operational risk management","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-control","display_name":"internal control","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-process-theory","display_name":"dual-process theory","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-understanding","display_name":"risk understanding","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"risk assessment","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-bias","display_name":"perceptual bias","score":0.5149999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6254369616508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5459051728248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.49518170952796936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.4767928123474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4395889937877655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.43767446279525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87868495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750843","display_name":"Information processing","level":2,"score":0.43756812810897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85345410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851587","display_name":"Business process","level":3,"score":0.43195223808288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.4145162105560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3493993878364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27993980050086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174998907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357662","display_name":"Work in process","level":2,"score":0.19686058163642883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19422641396522522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.1297914981842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.12957173585891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11177021265029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.09798264503479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17705/1jais.00676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","pdf_url":"https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2015&context=jais","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30879505","display_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","issn_l":"1536-9323","issn":["1536-9323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321080","host_organization_name":"Association for Information Systems","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321080"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Information Systems"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.wu.ac.at:openaire_cris_publications/e5153316-69a9-4fa4-9015-6f8235ca9eff","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wu.ac.at/de/publications/e5153316-69a9-4fa4-9015-6f8235ca9eff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055123","display_name":"WU Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kummer, T-F & Mendling, J 2021, 'The Effect of Risk Representation Using Colors and Symbols in Business Process Models on Operational Risk Management Performance.', Journal of the Association for Information Systems (JAIS), vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 7. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aisel.aisnet.org:jais-2015","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2015&context=jais","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30879505","display_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","issn_l":"1536-9323","issn":["1536-9323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321080","host_organization_name":"Association for Information Systems","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321080"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Information Systems"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.qut.edu.au:214314","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://aisel.aisnet.org/jais/vol22/iss3/7/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402607","display_name":"QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","host_organization_name":"Queensland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","raw_type":"Contribution to Journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17705/1jais.00676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00676","pdf_url":"https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2015&context=jais","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30879505","display_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","issn_l":"1536-9323","issn":["1536-9323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321080","host_organization_name":"Association for Information Systems","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321080"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Information Systems"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160280853.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160280853.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":112,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108330266","https://openalex.org/W116241235","https://openalex.org/W178558778","https://openalex.org/W195849850","https://openalex.org/W318457691","https://openalex.org/W324515336","https://openalex.org/W570266825","https://openalex.org/W587321928","https://openalex.org/W1015662201","https://openalex.org/W1481337069","https://openalex.org/W1482476193","https://openalex.org/W1496783311","https://openalex.org/W1497232465","https://openalex.org/W1519235393","https://openalex.org/W1538287313","https://openalex.org/W1552979769","https://openalex.org/W1556540894","https://openalex.org/W1563140451","https://openalex.org/W1594089261","https://openalex.org/W1789975608","https://openalex.org/W1817077667","https://openalex.org/W1863462177","https://openalex.org/W1918882354","https://openalex.org/W1964672712","https://openalex.org/W1965481657","https://openalex.org/W1967465431","https://openalex.org/W1969388618","https://openalex.org/W1970190931","https://openalex.org/W1972271930","https://openalex.org/W1974863164","https://openalex.org/W1976542445","https://openalex.org/W1985791653","https://openalex.org/W1989080249","https://openalex.org/W1990100773","https://openalex.org/W1990324890","https://openalex.org/W1994663263","https://openalex.org/W1994749175","https://openalex.org/W1995531162","https://openalex.org/W2005587621","https://openalex.org/W2005818586","https://openalex.org/W2011823066","https://openalex.org/W2012656354","https://openalex.org/W2033811933","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2038225287","https://openalex.org/W2038260027","https://openalex.org/W2040881756","https://openalex.org/W2043640532","https://openalex.org/W2044221479","https://openalex.org/W2053422507","https://openalex.org/W2055412584","https://openalex.org/W2061413008","https://openalex.org/W2061915922","https://openalex.org/W2064189581","https://openalex.org/W2072166686","https://openalex.org/W2075780421","https://openalex.org/W2076646346","https://openalex.org/W2083009591","https://openalex.org/W2086169621","https://openalex.org/W2096707172","https://openalex.org/W2097655736","https://openalex.org/W2098782645","https://openalex.org/W2100156519","https://openalex.org/W2107878864","https://openalex.org/W2108801870","https://openalex.org/W2109294629","https://openalex.org/W2110143060","https://openalex.org/W2110632147","https://openalex.org/W2114215601","https://openalex.org/W2114782137","https://openalex.org/W2115570246","https://openalex.org/W2128115495","https://openalex.org/W2134666329","https://openalex.org/W2135316258","https://openalex.org/W2136864896","https://openalex.org/W2136988047","https://openalex.org/W2147841110","https://openalex.org/W2147961845","https://openalex.org/W2149289754","https://openalex.org/W2153428269","https://openalex.org/W2153703610","https://openalex.org/W2155479778","https://openalex.org/W2157888350","https://openalex.org/W2162502965","https://openalex.org/W2164697092","https://openalex.org/W2167776313","https://openalex.org/W2169650076","https://openalex.org/W2265096785","https://openalex.org/W2269974365","https://openalex.org/W2294549618","https://openalex.org/W2295373235","https://openalex.org/W2338335491","https://openalex.org/W2344113264","https://openalex.org/W2345613236","https://openalex.org/W2408754284","https://openalex.org/W2473652201","https://openalex.org/W2476299662","https://openalex.org/W2754332028","https://openalex.org/W2792805384","https://openalex.org/W2913731107","https://openalex.org/W2913786162","https://openalex.org/W2918285836","https://openalex.org/W3121594099","https://openalex.org/W3122106810","https://openalex.org/W3123541312","https://openalex.org/W3125018233","https://openalex.org/W3125937830","https://openalex.org/W4230076583","https://openalex.org/W4246758027","https://openalex.org/W4256113101","https://openalex.org/W4300870773","https://openalex.org/W4301118033"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415827723","https://openalex.org/W184210401","https://openalex.org/W7027040276","https://openalex.org/W3216780741","https://openalex.org/W4250068124","https://openalex.org/W7015370258","https://openalex.org/W4315498029","https://openalex.org/W2785190623","https://openalex.org/W7120528487","https://openalex.org/W2165450956"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26],"operational":[1],"management":[2,201],"of":[3,12,30,47,86,96,137,158,178],"risk":[4,20,58,116,130,144,200,225],"and":[5,22,28,43,102,117,123,134],"internal":[6],"controls":[7,118],"(RIC)":[8],"makes":[9],"increasing":[10],"use":[11],"visual":[13],"representations":[14,32],"to":[15,161],"support":[16],"tasks":[17],"such":[18,187],"as":[19,216],"assessment":[21,59],"control":[23,132,138],"activity":[24],"definition.":[25],"strengths":[27],"weaknesses":[29],"different":[31,84],"are":[33,207],"typically":[34],"assessed":[35],"by":[36,126,189],"cognitive":[37,184],"theories":[38],"that":[39,114,155,195],"assume":[40],"an":[41,44,97,191],"analytical":[42,57,176],"intuitive":[45,61,192],"mode":[46],"information":[48,62,87,168],"processing.":[49,88],"Previous":[50],"research":[51,185],"has":[52,64,165,172],"focused":[53],"mainly":[54],"on":[55,74,186],"the":[56,94,135,143,156,175,198,223],"while":[60],"processing":[63,177,193],"largely":[65],"been":[66],"neglected.":[67],"We":[68,89],"develop":[69],"a":[70,146,217],"theoretical":[71],"argument":[72],"based":[73],"dual-process":[75],"theory,":[76],"which":[77,140,171],"explains":[78],"why":[79],"RIC":[80],"representational":[81],"alternatives":[82],"influence":[83],"levels":[85],"test":[90],"our":[91,205],"hypotheses":[92],"with":[93],"help":[95,141],"online":[98],"experiment":[99],"using":[100,127],"accountants":[101],"operation":[103],"managers":[104],"recruited":[105],"via":[106],"MTurk":[107],"(N":[108],"=":[109],"166).":[110],"Our":[111,181],"results":[112],"suggest":[113],"highlighting":[115],"in":[119,145,227],"business":[120],"process":[121],"modeling":[122],"notation":[124,219],"(BPMN)":[125],"color":[128,159],"improves":[129],"understanding,":[131,133],"identification":[136],"improvements,":[139],"reduce":[142],"given":[147],"process.":[148],"Furthermore,":[149],"we":[150],"do":[151],"not":[152],"find":[153],"evidence":[154],"inclusion":[157],"leads":[160],"perception":[162],"biases.":[163],"This":[164],"implications":[166],"for":[167],"systems":[169],"research,":[170],"primarily":[173],"addressed":[174],"conceptual":[179],"models.":[180],"findings":[182,206],"extend":[183],"models":[188],"adding":[190],"path":[194],"can":[196,212],"improve":[197],"user\u2019s":[199],"performance.":[202],"For":[203],"practitioners,":[204],"particularly":[208],"relevant":[209],"because":[210],"colors":[211],"be":[213],"easily":[214],"added":[215],"secondary":[218],"element":[220],"without":[221],"disguising":[222],"factual":[224],"situation":[226],"processes.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2021-05-24T00:00:00"}