{"id":"https://openalex.org/W315994772","doi":null,"title":"Fossil Fuels: Climate Change and Security of Supply","display_name":"Fossil Fuels: Climate Change and Security of Supply","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W315994772","mag":"315994772"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.lib.chalmers.se:216521","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/publication/216521-fossil-fuels-climate-change-and-security-of-supply","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196470","display_name":"Chalmers Publication Library (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text.Article.Journal.PeerReviewed"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058156158","display_name":"Jan Kj\u00e4rstad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Kj\u00e4rstad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027528063","display_name":"Filip Johnsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-5379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-5379"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filip Johnsson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-5379","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5334,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67917198,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"79","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12639","display_name":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12639","display_name":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12129","display_name":"Global Energy Security and Policy","score":0.4375,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2100","display_name":"General Energy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.03420000150799751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fossil-fuels","display_name":"fossil fuels","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"climate change","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-security","display_name":"energy security","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-reserves","display_name":"coal reserves","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-gas-reserves","display_name":"natural gas reserves","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-reserves","display_name":"oil reserves","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-budget","display_name":"carbon balance","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-emissions","display_name":"CO2 emissions","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fossil-fuel-demand","display_name":"fossil fuel demand","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fossil-fuel-prices","display_name":"fossil fuel prices","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emissions-reduction-policy","display_name":"emission reduction policy","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-energy-market","display_name":"global energy market","score":0.49399998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68189081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12748","display_name":"Fossil fuel","level":2,"score":0.8334481716156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.6981128454208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6086174249649048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.5853750109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.5490638017654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777172336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2700433","display_name":"Energy security","level":3,"score":0.4847364127635956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776190866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341477","display_name":"Energy supply","level":3,"score":0.47056102752685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.44337305426597595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.4387431740760803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34464073181152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.259846568107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.19624069333076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.17016205191612244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.15682172775268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15195819735527039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.11009413003921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.lib.chalmers.se:216521","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/publication/216521-fossil-fuels-climate-change-and-security-of-supply","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196470","display_name":"Chalmers Publication Library (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text.Article.Journal.PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:216521","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/216521","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:315994772","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://iasks.org/sites/default/files/IJSWES-D11-0012_2_format_0.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193864","display_name":"International Journal of Sustainable Water and Environmental Systems","issn_l":"1923-7537","issn":["1923-7537","1923-7545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Sustainable Water and Environmental Systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5690000057220459,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402823254","https://openalex.org/W2060260038","https://openalex.org/W1521166233","https://openalex.org/W4254508192","https://openalex.org/W2278650375","https://openalex.org/W2808752493","https://openalex.org/W4403325228","https://openalex.org/W2175009926","https://openalex.org/W4400578491","https://openalex.org/W1972108550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,177],"paper":[1,31],"is":[2,40,127,178],"based":[3],"on":[4,131,137,157,190],"an":[5,41,128],"extensive":[6],"assessment":[7],"of":[8,15,43,52,55,92,112,133,184],"the":[9,16,26,65,70,76,171,182,185],"global":[10,66,172],"fossil":[11,44,56,114,140,158],"fuel":[12],"markets,":[13],"i.e.":[14],"coal,":[17],"gas":[18,88],"and":[19,89,110,160,199,215],"oil":[20,109],"markets.":[21],"The":[22,49],"main":[23],"conclusions":[24],"from":[25,34,85,154],"work":[27],"presented":[28],"in":[29,47,69,90,123,207],"this":[30],"are":[32,58,116,144,150],"that":[33,148],"a":[35,93,121,155,191],"climate":[36,167],"change":[37,168],"perspective":[38],"there":[39,126,143],"abundance":[42],"fuels,":[45],"coal":[46,218],"particular.":[48],"CO2-emission":[50],"potential":[51],"proven":[53],"reserves":[54],"fuels":[57,115,159],"up":[59],"to":[60,74,79,102,118,165,175,181,188,202],"twice":[61],"as":[62,64],"high":[63],"carbon":[67],"budget":[68],"21st":[71],"century":[72],"required":[73],"limit":[75],"temperature":[77,173],"increase":[78,174],"2.9\u00b0C":[80],"(mean":[81],"estimate).":[82],"Yet,":[83],"apart":[84],"possibly":[86],"natural":[87],"spite":[91],"large":[94,213,216],"resource":[95],"base,":[96],"it":[97,161],"will":[98],"be":[99],"increasingly":[100],"difficult":[101],"meet":[103,166],"baseline":[104],"demand":[105,206],"projections":[106],"particularly":[107],"for":[108],"cost":[111],"producing":[113],"likely":[117],"rise.":[119],"As":[120],"consequence,":[122],"most":[124],"regions":[125],"increasing":[129],"focus":[130],"security":[132],"supply":[134],"rather":[135],"than":[136],"phasing":[138],"out":[139],"fuels.":[141],"Globally,":[142],"few":[145],"concrete":[146],"signs":[147],"we":[149],"actually":[151],"moving":[152],"away":[153],"dependency":[156],"appears":[162],"extremely":[163],"challenging":[164],"targets":[169],"limiting":[170],"2\u00b0C.":[176],"partly":[179,200],"due":[180,201],"unwillingness":[183],"developed":[186],"world":[187],"agree":[189],"strong":[192],"enough":[193],"political":[194],"framework":[195],"controlling":[196],"emission":[197],"reductions":[198],"low":[203],"per":[204],"capita":[205],"expanding":[208],"undeveloped":[209],"countries":[210],"coupled":[211],"with":[212],"populations":[214],"domestic":[217],"resources.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-27T14:10:00.468798","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}