{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3157571997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200114","title":"Can Seismic Strain Waves Be Measured Quantitatively by Borehole Tensor Strainmeters?","display_name":"Can Seismic Strain Waves Be Measured Quantitatively by Borehole Tensor Strainmeters?","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3157571997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200114","mag":"3157571997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1785/0220200114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183957208","display_name":"Seismological Research Letters","issn_l":"0895-0695","issn":["0895-0695","1938-2057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316854","host_organization_name":"Seismological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316854"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Seismological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seismological Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032713108","display_name":"Kanghua Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8381-2706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8381-2706"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259948","display_name":"National Institute of Natural Hazards","ror":"https://ror.org/02za3pt35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259948"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanghua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of P.R. China, Beijing, China","School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of P.R. China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066414855","display_name":"Jiayong Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3697-4096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3697-4096"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259948","display_name":"National Institute of Natural Hazards","ror":"https://ror.org/02za3pt35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259948"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiayong Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of P.R. China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3697-4096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of P.R. China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065943785","display_name":"Zhifei Hu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259948","display_name":"National Institute of Natural Hazards","ror":"https://ror.org/02za3pt35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259948"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhifei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of P.R. China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of P.R. China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066414855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2746,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39879686,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"92","issue":"6","first_page":"3602","last_page":"3609"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.9550999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.9550999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.0333000011742115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering-model","display_name":"scattering model","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-polarization","display_name":"wave polarization","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-strain-measurement","display_name":"surface strain measurement","score":0.34299999475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150560799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502102","display_name":"Borehole","level":2,"score":0.8887412548065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89787772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922855","display_name":"Vertical seismic profile","level":2,"score":0.7480304837226868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6482176184654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.6096628308296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.47366151213645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78542244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186167","display_name":"Seismic wave","level":2,"score":0.4560423493385315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97490223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1609712","display_name":"Focal mechanism","level":3,"score":0.41582658886909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.4113043546676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15780681371688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83176761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394636","display_name":"Induced seismicity","level":2,"score":0.09534552693367004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1785/0220200114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183957208","display_name":"Seismological Research Letters","issn_l":"0895-0695","issn":["0895-0695","1938-2057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316854","host_organization_name":"Seismological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316854"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Seismological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seismological Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W613464761","https://openalex.org/W916782564","https://openalex.org/W1525966310","https://openalex.org/W1529572229","https://openalex.org/W1531911995","https://openalex.org/W1766411638","https://openalex.org/W1936261491","https://openalex.org/W1942430609","https://openalex.org/W1974719076","https://openalex.org/W1980945318","https://openalex.org/W1987094816","https://openalex.org/W1987730583","https://openalex.org/W1988988856","https://openalex.org/W2000395092","https://openalex.org/W2003228661","https://openalex.org/W2012871847","https://openalex.org/W2021504448","https://openalex.org/W2027251348","https://openalex.org/W2034700620","https://openalex.org/W2046673561","https://openalex.org/W2048127404","https://openalex.org/W2053045648","https://openalex.org/W2055648473","https://openalex.org/W2055932631","https://openalex.org/W2072559557","https://openalex.org/W2078290419","https://openalex.org/W2089453759","https://openalex.org/W2097498985","https://openalex.org/W2111415553","https://openalex.org/W2124302162","https://openalex.org/W2143782755","https://openalex.org/W2161451635","https://openalex.org/W2166681739","https://openalex.org/W2169794062","https://openalex.org/W2363285494","https://openalex.org/W2473470644","https://openalex.org/W2586977093","https://openalex.org/W2589644701","https://openalex.org/W2761239906","https://openalex.org/W2794981503","https://openalex.org/W2976748426","https://openalex.org/W3021228746","https://openalex.org/W3088034892","https://openalex.org/W3123474911"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315491296","https://openalex.org/W2976748426","https://openalex.org/W3021228746","https://openalex.org/W3116833244","https://openalex.org/W4408007287","https://openalex.org/W2355627259","https://openalex.org/W2021392819","https://openalex.org/W4392657968","https://openalex.org/W2588086955","https://openalex.org/W3024999065"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"It":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"confirmed":[4],"by":[5,21,54,75,143,157,168],"comparison":[6],"with":[7],"particle":[8],"velocities":[9],"of":[10,13,43,46,71,83,91,99,115,128,164,178],"surface":[11,36],"waves":[12,38,45,74,114,167],"wave":[14,47,147],"normal":[15,48,85,130,151],"perpendicular":[16],"to":[17,51,79,107,160],"borehole":[18,27,31,52,55,78,92,100,116,169,179],"axis":[19,53],"measured":[20],"collocated":[22],"seismic":[23,73,121],"broadband":[24],"array":[25],"or":[26],"seismometers":[28],"that":[29,149],"high-sensitivity":[30],"tensor":[32,56,93,101,117,170,180],"strainmeters":[33,57,118],"could":[34],"measure":[35],"strain":[37,44,113,122,138,140,146,166],"qualitatively.":[39],"However,":[40],"quantitative":[41,109,162],"measurability":[42],"being":[49],"oblique":[50],"is":[58],"still":[59],"a":[60,68],"challenging":[61],"problem.":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64],"article,":[65],"we":[66],"introduce":[67],"scattering":[69],"model":[70],"oblique-incidence":[72,120],"an":[76],"empty":[77],"investigate":[80],"the":[81,96,126,134,144],"influence":[82,127],"incident-wave":[84,129,150],"and":[86,119,131,139,152],"polarization":[87,132,153],"on":[88,133],"theoretical-frequency-response":[89],"bandwidth":[90,98],"strainmeters.":[94,181],"Within":[95],"theoretical":[97],"strainmeters,":[102,171],"zero-frequency":[103],"gains":[104],"are":[105],"introduced":[106],"build":[108],"relation":[110,135],"between":[111,136],"instrumental":[112,137],"waves.":[123],"Better":[124],"understanding":[125],"components":[141],"induced":[142],"incident":[145,165],"shows":[148],"must":[154],"be":[155],"assessed":[156],"other":[158],"instrumentation":[159],"promise":[161],"measurement":[163],"which":[172],"would":[173],"benefit":[174],"in":[175],"situ":[176],"calibration":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-05-10T00:00:00"}
