{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3156004697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","title":"Globalization Impact on Multinational Enterprises","display_name":"Globalization Impact on Multinational Enterprises","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3156004697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","mag":"3156004697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/world2020014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4060/2/2/14/pdf?version=1618481172","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212964","display_name":"World","issn_l":"2673-4060","issn":["2673-4060"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4060/2/2/14/pdf?version=1618481172","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065733787","display_name":"Justine Kyove","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40413290","display_name":"University of Gda\u0144sk","ror":"https://ror.org/011dv8m48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justine Kyove","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024826000","display_name":"Katerina Streltsova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40413290","display_name":"University of Gda\u0144sk","ror":"https://ror.org/011dv8m48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katerina Streltsova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040764317","display_name":"Ufuoma Odibo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40413290","display_name":"University of Gda\u0144sk","ror":"https://ror.org/011dv8m48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ufuoma Odibo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049099271","display_name":"Giuseppe T. Cirella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0810-0589","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0810-0589"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40413290","display_name":"University of Gda\u0144sk","ror":"https://ror.org/011dv8m48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe T. Cirella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0810-0589","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics, University of Gdansk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049099271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40413290"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1080},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1080},"fwci":11.0977,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98302384,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"216","last_page":"230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14503","display_name":"Globalization, Economics, and Policies","score":0.025200000032782555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globalization","display_name":"globalization","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multinational-corporations","display_name":"multinational corporations","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developed-vs-developing-countries","display_name":"developed vs developing countries","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factors-of-production","display_name":"production factors","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-social-responsibility","display_name":"corporate social responsibility","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-markets","display_name":"emerging markets","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-risk","display_name":"political risk","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.8724032640457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.8050699234008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2119116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181","display_name":"Globalization","level":2,"score":0.7736930847167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.6680176854133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.5904187560081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5686768889427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4760425090789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.44137483835220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.33425450325012207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.3331425189971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3207331895828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.2655102014541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.21224525570869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.08981248736381531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.08526772260665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/world2020014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4060/2/2/14/pdf?version=1618481172","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212964","display_name":"World","issn_l":"2673-4060","issn":["2673-4060"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jworld:v:2:y:2021:i:2:p:14-230:d:536626","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4060/2/2/14/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:303072dac66347b88d5df354876e8a65","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/303072dac66347b88d5df354876e8a65","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"World, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 216-230 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/world2020014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/world2020014","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4060/2/2/14/pdf?version=1618481172","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212964","display_name":"World","issn_l":"2673-4060","issn":["2673-4060"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.48510000109672546,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3156004697.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3156004697.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":167,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43020659","https://openalex.org/W71046453","https://openalex.org/W218164065","https://openalex.org/W233209460","https://openalex.org/W1037976096","https://openalex.org/W1507576141","https://openalex.org/W1515119516","https://openalex.org/W1536318162","https://openalex.org/W1539012900","https://openalex.org/W1546490066","https://openalex.org/W1592517559","https://openalex.org/W1594493416","https://openalex.org/W1780348304","https://openalex.org/W1897282884","https://openalex.org/W1963639197","https://openalex.org/W1971018849","https://openalex.org/W1971354656","https://openalex.org/W1975537298","https://openalex.org/W1976130945","https://openalex.org/W1976627113","https://openalex.org/W1979285674","https://openalex.org/W1981572080","https://openalex.org/W1988539985","https://openalex.org/W1989136640","https://openalex.org/W1989211151","https://openalex.org/W1990184840","https://openalex.org/W1994275905","https://openalex.org/W1994907974","https://openalex.org/W1998050871","https://openalex.org/W2000188622","https://openalex.org/W2001598267","https://openalex.org/W2001857940","https://openalex.org/W2004533944","https://openalex.org/W2007734472","https://openalex.org/W2016702263","https://openalex.org/W2020110885","https://openalex.org/W2022658692","https://openalex.org/W2024253303","https://openalex.org/W2028521045","https://openalex.org/W2028637861","https://openalex.org/W2030999638","https://openalex.org/W2032540219","https://openalex.org/W2032773281","https://openalex.org/W2037559627","https://openalex.org/W2037956809","https://openalex.org/W2038868675","https://openalex.org/W2040461569","https://openalex.org/W2044078691","https://openalex.org/W2045980151","https://openalex.org/W2048757972","https://openalex.org/W2049829947","https://openalex.org/W2051674275","https://openalex.org/W2051766481","https://openalex.org/W2055028819","https://openalex.org/W2056379011","https://openalex.org/W2058575790","https://openalex.org/W2058768813","https://openalex.org/W2059615831","https://openalex.org/W2060772697","https://openalex.org/W2069786390","https://openalex.org/W2070621620","https://openalex.org/W2070655115","https://openalex.org/W2072961630","https://openalex.org/W2074311254","https://openalex.org/W2077148504","https://openalex.org/W2077293633","https://openalex.org/W2078754034","https://openalex.org/W2080840622","https://openalex.org/W2081631040","https://openalex.org/W2084658979","https://openalex.org/W2086178535","https://openalex.org/W2087509434","https://openalex.org/W2088887576","https://openalex.org/W2093229054","https://openalex.org/W2094011140","https://openalex.org/W2094994166","https://openalex.org/W2095099303","https://openalex.org/W2098695402","https://openalex.org/W2100263143","https://openalex.org/W2112326585","https://openalex.org/W2114837397","https://openalex.org/W2116907032","https://openalex.org/W2118277605","https://openalex.org/W2119134459","https://openalex.org/W2122120162","https://openalex.org/W2124297904","https://openalex.org/W2125267269","https://openalex.org/W2125565310","https://openalex.org/W2127734975","https://openalex.org/W2128300645","https://openalex.org/W2128609737","https://openalex.org/W2129898553","https://openalex.org/W2129993239","https://openalex.org/W2132724845","https://openalex.org/W2134453841","https://openalex.org/W2135252376","https://openalex.org/W2136039427","https://openalex.org/W2138113372","https://openalex.org/W2141987501","https://openalex.org/W2142242390","https://openalex.org/W2143523119","https://openalex.org/W2145134790","https://openalex.org/W2145554214","https://openalex.org/W2146019880","https://openalex.org/W2146553547","https://openalex.org/W2152666124","https://openalex.org/W2156523901","https://openalex.org/W2166631359","https://openalex.org/W2172260193","https://openalex.org/W2181134016","https://openalex.org/W2227752794","https://openalex.org/W2283133925","https://openalex.org/W2329022014","https://openalex.org/W2469497525","https://openalex.org/W2483279763","https://openalex.org/W2483738901","https://openalex.org/W2493751068","https://openalex.org/W2507729540","https://openalex.org/W2566326753","https://openalex.org/W2571313764","https://openalex.org/W2598726758","https://openalex.org/W2639151094","https://openalex.org/W2740049013","https://openalex.org/W2760866236","https://openalex.org/W2767474962","https://openalex.org/W2793310868","https://openalex.org/W2802018265","https://openalex.org/W2811016804","https://openalex.org/W2886119491","https://openalex.org/W2895794810","https://openalex.org/W2896907502","https://openalex.org/W2898836473","https://openalex.org/W2904350910","https://openalex.org/W2943979538","https://openalex.org/W2966369823","https://openalex.org/W2969232859","https://openalex.org/W2970762463","https://openalex.org/W2974826596","https://openalex.org/W2982414494","https://openalex.org/W2982886370","https://openalex.org/W3003305722","https://openalex.org/W3004546046","https://openalex.org/W3014016537","https://openalex.org/W3015184088","https://openalex.org/W3016746490","https://openalex.org/W3021165276","https://openalex.org/W3033668954","https://openalex.org/W3033951531","https://openalex.org/W3048280125","https://openalex.org/W3090945982","https://openalex.org/W3091707726","https://openalex.org/W3098499716","https://openalex.org/W3098836987","https://openalex.org/W3105511096","https://openalex.org/W3107168660","https://openalex.org/W3121965524","https://openalex.org/W3122554728","https://openalex.org/W3123178968","https://openalex.org/W3131131915","https://openalex.org/W3133416133","https://openalex.org/W4214630338","https://openalex.org/W4232755439","https://openalex.org/W4246319095","https://openalex.org/W4251596215","https://openalex.org/W4256482938","https://openalex.org/W6644212854","https://openalex.org/W6659910825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536318162","https://openalex.org/W7216646526","https://openalex.org/W2348132889","https://openalex.org/W4392918414","https://openalex.org/W2789047542","https://openalex.org/W2495945610","https://openalex.org/W1845038646","https://openalex.org/W2468807387","https://openalex.org/W2730294076","https://openalex.org/W4386561921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"impact":[1],"of":[2,24,48,84,103,149,163],"globalization":[3],"on":[4,68],"multinational":[5,63],"enterprises":[6,64],"was":[7,19],"examined":[8],"from":[9,168],"the":[10,39,138,143,146,161,169,185],"years":[11],"1980":[12],"to":[13,65,79,86,96,121,145,175],"2020.":[14],"A":[15,101],"scoping":[16],"literature":[17,171],"review":[18],"conducted":[20],"for":[21,71,130,157,181],"a":[22,127,155],"total":[23],"141":[25],"articles.":[26],"Qualitative,":[27],"quantitative,":[28],"and":[29,34,41,106,116,152,166],"mixed":[30],"typologies":[31],"were":[32,36],"categorized":[33],"conclusions":[35],"drawn":[37],"regarding":[38],"influence":[40],"performance":[42],"(i.e.,":[43],"positive":[44],"or":[45],"negative":[46],"effects)":[47],"globalization.":[49],"Developed":[50,74],"countries":[51,58],"show":[52],"more":[53,81,94,131],"saturated":[54],"markets":[55],"than":[56],"developing":[57,61,90],"that":[59,133],"favor":[60],"country":[62,75,91],"rely":[66],"heavily":[67],"foreign":[69],"sales":[70],"revenue":[72],"growth.":[73],"multinationals":[76,92],"are":[77,93],"likely":[78,95],"use":[80,97,162],"advanced":[82,99],"factors":[83],"production":[85],"create":[87],"revenue,":[88],"whereas":[89],"less":[98],"forms.":[100],"number":[102],"common":[104],"trends":[105],"issues":[107],"showed":[108],"corporate":[109],"social":[110],"responsibility,":[111],"emerging":[112,144],"markets,":[113],"political":[114],"issues,":[115],"economic":[117],"matters":[118],"as":[119],"key":[120],"global":[122],"market":[123],"production.":[124],"Recommendations":[125],"signal":[126],"strong":[128],"need":[129],"research":[132],"addresses":[134],"contributive":[135],"effects":[136],"in":[137,184],"different":[139],"economies,":[140],"starting":[141,179],"with":[142],"developed.":[147],"Limitations":[148],"data":[150],"availability":[151],"inconsistency":[153],"posed":[154],"challenge":[156],"this":[158,173],"review,":[159],"yet":[160],"operationalization,":[164],"techniques,":[165],"analyses":[167],"business":[170],"enabled":[172],"study":[174],"be":[176],"an":[177],"excellent":[178],"point":[180],"additional":[182],"work":[183],"field.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-04-26T00:00:00"}