{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3147798209","doi":null,"title":"\u201cThe Gates Are Closed Here\u201d: A Mixed Methods Study Examining the Lived Experiences of Black South African Township Youth","display_name":"\u201cThe Gates Are Closed Here\u201d: A Mixed Methods Study Examining the Lived Experiences of Black South African Township Youth","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3147798209","mag":"3147798209"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.du.edu:etd-2837","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1845","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2837&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196520","display_name":"Digital Commons - DU (University of Denver)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I131651094","host_organization_name":"University of Denver","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2837&context=etd","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087446439","display_name":"Jason St. Mary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jason St. Mary","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087446439"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11998","display_name":"Youth Development and Social Support","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11998","display_name":"Youth Development and Social Support","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11761","display_name":"Resilience and Mental Health","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11695","display_name":"South African History and Culture","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-youth-development","display_name":"positive youth development","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sense-of-coherence","display_name":"sense of coherence","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"resilience","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"self-efficacy","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intergenerational-trauma","display_name":"intergenerational trauma","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legacy-of-apartheid","display_name":"apartheid legacy","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postcolonialism","display_name":"postcolonialism","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protective-factors","display_name":"protective factors","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-decline","display_name":"community decline","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-unemployment","display_name":"youth unemployment","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gangsterism","display_name":"gangsterism","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lived-experience","display_name":"lived experience","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.531000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.4765116274356842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019221131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55621107","display_name":"Lived experience","level":2,"score":0.46511179208755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3885330855846405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3768468499183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2209431529045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.du.edu:etd-2837","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1845","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2837&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196520","display_name":"Digital Commons - DU (University of Denver)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I131651094","host_organization_name":"University of Denver","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3147798209","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2837&context=etd","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.du.edu:etd-2837","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1845","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2837&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196520","display_name":"Digital Commons - DU (University of Denver)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I131651094","host_organization_name":"University of Denver","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311641","display_name":"University of Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/04w7skc03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3147798209.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3147798209.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":93,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7236838","https://openalex.org/W58639295","https://openalex.org/W156062709","https://openalex.org/W184192484","https://openalex.org/W415820369","https://openalex.org/W632477209","https://openalex.org/W643933281","https://openalex.org/W1485995441","https://openalex.org/W1490699179","https://openalex.org/W1533099743","https://openalex.org/W1534612420","https://openalex.org/W1541987520","https://openalex.org/W1583686588","https://openalex.org/W1604140842","https://openalex.org/W1606903651","https://openalex.org/W1641268794","https://openalex.org/W1803273808","https://openalex.org/W1804401790","https://openalex.org/W1850659627","https://openalex.org/W1862619310","https://openalex.org/W1889130846","https://openalex.org/W1896448129","https://openalex.org/W1914972138","https://openalex.org/W1946660840","https://openalex.org/W1975456572","https://openalex.org/W1976483880","https://openalex.org/W1979769750","https://openalex.org/W1984606389","https://openalex.org/W1984631967","https://openalex.org/W1985917303","https://openalex.org/W1991071411","https://openalex.org/W1992444508","https://openalex.org/W1992634299","https://openalex.org/W1992946863","https://openalex.org/W2001049702","https://openalex.org/W2003749878","https://openalex.org/W2008170389","https://openalex.org/W2011133293","https://openalex.org/W2014360392","https://openalex.org/W2016148950","https://openalex.org/W2019685630","https://openalex.org/W2030545483","https://openalex.org/W2034329956","https://openalex.org/W2035982357","https://openalex.org/W2036074098","https://openalex.org/W2036333904","https://openalex.org/W2039052313","https://openalex.org/W2041332719","https://openalex.org/W2042820298","https://openalex.org/W2043552961","https://openalex.org/W2049561876","https://openalex.org/W2053862653","https://openalex.org/W2054606259","https://openalex.org/W2057114569","https://openalex.org/W2057187749","https://openalex.org/W2070990111","https://openalex.org/W2076433929","https://openalex.org/W2084595359","https://openalex.org/W2084953231","https://openalex.org/W2088425150","https://openalex.org/W2089564264","https://openalex.org/W2095106420","https://openalex.org/W2100861922","https://openalex.org/W2106124558","https://openalex.org/W2115530359","https://openalex.org/W2120361230","https://openalex.org/W2122062477","https://openalex.org/W2130765960","https://openalex.org/W2133339691","https://openalex.org/W2134049139","https://openalex.org/W2147845826","https://openalex.org/W2149897613","https://openalex.org/W2150058950","https://openalex.org/W2153258259","https://openalex.org/W2154060752","https://openalex.org/W2157374107","https://openalex.org/W2158319845","https://openalex.org/W2164774699","https://openalex.org/W2167811530","https://openalex.org/W2196934308","https://openalex.org/W2223027501","https://openalex.org/W2296643037","https://openalex.org/W2315859443","https://openalex.org/W2318186313","https://openalex.org/W2318908868","https://openalex.org/W2327508679","https://openalex.org/W2495116152","https://openalex.org/W2522812329","https://openalex.org/W2573813500","https://openalex.org/W2586160854","https://openalex.org/W2763912048","https://openalex.org/W2768281346","https://openalex.org/W4241977739"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160381803","https://openalex.org/W7128951459","https://openalex.org/W2789794258","https://openalex.org/W4384203884","https://openalex.org/W2422566680","https://openalex.org/W2042688119","https://openalex.org/W7171348107","https://openalex.org/W175216081","https://openalex.org/W2603627451","https://openalex.org/W3116755810"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"South":[0,28,79,251],"African":[1,80,252],"Black":[2],"township":[3,253],"youth":[4,52,121,206,254],"encounter":[5],"immense":[6],"risks":[7],"within":[8],"their":[9,212,260],"environment,":[10],"with":[11,259],"little":[12],"opportunity":[13],"for":[14,58,246],"perceived":[15],"success.":[16],"The":[17],"Langa":[18,103,205],"Township,":[19],"the":[20,48,67,92,99,123,153,160,166,174,188,200,203,216,222,230,242,265],"oldest":[21],"established":[22],"segregated":[23],"community":[24],"in":[25,32,44,69,91,130,197],"Cape":[26],"Town,":[27],"Africa,":[29],"is":[30,63],"enveloped":[31],"massive":[33],"unemployment":[34],"rates,":[35],"substantial":[36],"poverty,":[37],"and":[38,55,118,125,133,170,172,215,244,264,272],"violent":[39],"gangsterism.":[40],"Extensive":[41],"literature":[42],"exists":[43],"North":[45],"America":[46],"on":[47,78],"relationship":[49],"between":[50],"positive":[51],"development":[53],"(PYD)":[54],"successful":[56],"outcomes":[57],"young":[59,127,235],"individuals,":[60],"although":[61],"there":[62],"limited":[64],"research":[65,248],"examining":[66],"framework":[68],"an":[70],"international":[71],"context.":[72],"Due":[73],"to":[74,89,224,229,275],"historical":[75],"oppression":[76],"forced":[77],"youth,":[81,104],"postcolonial":[82],"theory":[83],"provides":[84],"a":[85,177,194,226],"critical":[86],"foundational":[87],"component":[88],"PYD":[90],"study.":[93,204],"This":[94],"mixed":[95],"methods":[96,182],"study":[97,220],"examined":[98],"lived":[100,213],"experiences":[101],"of":[102,115,162,168,176,191,202,238,241],"while":[105],"assessing":[106],"baseline":[107],"data":[108],"through":[109],"four":[110,147],"surveys":[111,124],"measuring":[112,199],"PYD,":[113],"sense":[114],"coherence,":[116],"resiliency,":[117],"self-efficacy.":[119],"Seventy-three":[120],"completed":[122],"fifty":[126],"individuals":[128],"participated":[129],"individual":[131],"interviews":[132],"focus":[134],"groups.":[135],"Bivariate":[136],"analyses":[137,145,183],"revealed":[138],"few":[139],"differences":[140],"across":[141,187],"demographic":[142],"variables.":[143],"Qualitative":[144],"captured":[146],"key":[148],"themes":[149],"that":[150],"emerged":[151],"from":[152,218],"data:":[154],"1)":[155],"redefining":[156],"protective":[157],"factors,":[158],"2)":[159],"impact":[161],"generational":[163,261],"trauma,":[164],"3)":[165],"legacy":[167],"apartheid":[169],"oppression,":[171],"4)":[173],"disappearance":[175],"traditional":[178],"collective":[179],"community.":[180],"Mixed":[181],"demonstrated":[184],"divergent":[185],"findings":[186,217],"two":[189],"strands":[190],"data,":[192],"indicating":[193],"potential":[195,223],"gap":[196],"accurately":[198],"constructs":[201],"are":[207,249,255],"becoming":[208],"increasingly":[209,257],"despondent":[210],"over":[211],"circumstances,":[214,263],"this":[219,276],"have":[221],"develop":[225],"greater":[227],"awareness":[228],"social":[231],"injustices":[232],"impacting":[233],"these":[234],"individuals.":[236],"Implications":[237],"findings,":[239],"limitations":[240],"study,":[243],"directions":[245],"future":[247],"discussed.":[250],"growing":[256],"restless":[258],"oppressive":[262],"nation":[266],"must":[267],"respond":[268],"by":[269],"providing":[270],"sustainable":[271],"equitable":[273],"support":[274],"vulnerable":[277],"population.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-04-13T00:00:00"}
