{"id":"https://openalex.org/W31451720","doi":null,"title":"Efficacy of Opioid Antagonist in the Treatment of Pathological Gambling","display_name":"Efficacy of Opioid Antagonist in the Treatment of Pathological Gambling","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W31451720","mag":"31451720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:commons.pacificu.edu:pa-1482","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://commons.pacificu.edu/pa/490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196976","display_name":"CommonKnowledge Research Repository (Pacific University Oregon)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108541056","host_organization_name":"Pacific University Oregon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108541056"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"School of Physician Assistant Studies","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054258726","display_name":"Anne Hedges","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149261","display_name":"Pacific University","ror":"https://ror.org/059z5w858","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149261"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anne Hedges","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific University#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific University#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149261"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054258726"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149261"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00486874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11705","display_name":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11705","display_name":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11123","display_name":"Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gambling-disorder","display_name":"gambling addiction","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-antagonists","display_name":"opioid antagonists","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naltrexone","display_name":"naltrexone","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nalmefene","display_name":"nalmefene","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-therapy","display_name":"pharmacotherapy","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gambling-urges","display_name":"gambling urges","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/addiction-treatment","display_name":"addiction treatment","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injectable-naltrexone","display_name":"injectable naltrexone","score":0.9010000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777972943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409587","display_name":"Naltrexone","level":4,"score":0.8562018871307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775962371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908096","display_name":"Opioid antagonist","level":5,"score":0.6815845966339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.5847348570823669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5282950401306152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019590667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908096","display_name":"Narcotic antagonist","level":5,"score":0.5057089328765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4833066463470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778903686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60168","display_name":"Heroin","level":3,"score":0.48042798042297363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.46765249967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45914363861083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777288759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4164182","display_name":"Dosing","level":2,"score":0.43578216433525085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4204113483428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781063702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427523","display_name":"Opioid","level":3,"score":0.4009784162044525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.30606359243392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2676522731781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.20380613207817078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778750930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4540629","display_name":"(+)-Naloxone","level":4,"score":0.1969747245311737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.18209490180015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:commons.pacificu.edu:pa-1482","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://commons.pacificu.edu/pa/490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196976","display_name":"CommonKnowledge Research Repository (Pacific University Oregon)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108541056","host_organization_name":"Pacific University Oregon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108541056"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"School of Physician Assistant Studies","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:31451720","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://commons.pacificu.edu/pa/490/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1844896325","https://openalex.org/W2057327461","https://openalex.org/W2059110077","https://openalex.org/W2068879704","https://openalex.org/W2089432633","https://openalex.org/W2090296913","https://openalex.org/W2104538950","https://openalex.org/W2121688249","https://openalex.org/W2128661515","https://openalex.org/W2135405264","https://openalex.org/W2144298953","https://openalex.org/W2200050846","https://openalex.org/W2555189237","https://openalex.org/W2754703030","https://openalex.org/W2888589263","https://openalex.org/W2896053091"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121688249","https://openalex.org/W2739377560","https://openalex.org/W2119974740","https://openalex.org/W1212854718","https://openalex.org/W2009490211","https://openalex.org/W2893861497","https://openalex.org/W2755236338","https://openalex.org/W2161486371","https://openalex.org/W2109226475","https://openalex.org/W2147467780"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Gambling":[1],"is":[2,12,239],"a":[3,188,219],"legal":[4],"form":[5],"of":[6,19,49,77,83,94,119,157,182,194,203,232],"entertainment":[7],"in":[8,31,60,74,107,133,149,174],"48":[9],"states":[10],"and":[11,67,92,101,111,152,177,197],"enjoyed":[13],"by":[14],"many.":[15],"In":[16],"Approximately":[17],"1%":[18],"the":[20,45,75,108,117,229],"population,":[21],"casual":[22],"gaming":[23],"can":[24],"turn":[25],"into":[26],"pathological":[27,78,216],"gambling":[28,150,175,195,217],"(PG)":[29],"resulting":[30],"devastating":[32],"consequences.":[33],"There":[34],"are":[35,71,131],"currently":[36],"no":[37],"guidelines":[38],"or":[39],"regulations":[40],"for":[41,214],"clinical":[42],"providers":[43],"regarding":[44],"most":[46],"effective":[47,59,70,212,234,237],"treatments":[48],"PG.":[50],"Previous":[51],"research":[52],"has":[53],"shown":[54],"opioid":[55,72],"antagonist":[56,73,206],"to":[57,116,170,224,228],"be":[58,210,225],"treating":[61,215],"similar":[62,220],"addictions":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65],"alcoholism":[66],"heroin.":[68],"How":[69],"treatment":[76,158,183],"gambling?\\nMethods:":[79],"An":[80],"exhaustive":[81],"search":[82],"Medline-OVID,":[84],"CINAHL,":[85],"PSYCHINFO,":[86],"Evidence":[87],"Based":[88],"Medicine":[89],"Reviews":[90],"Multifile,":[91],"Web":[93],"science":[95],"using":[96,123],"keywords:":[97],"gambling,":[98],"drug":[99,207,221],"therapy,":[100],"narcotic":[102],"antagonist.":[103],"Limitations":[104],"included":[105],"studies":[106,126],"English":[109],"language":[110],"on":[112],"humans.":[113],"Articles":[114],"pertaining":[115],"area":[118],"interest":[120],"were":[121],"evaluated":[122],"GRADE.\\nResults:":[124],"Three":[125],"met":[127],"inclusion":[128],"criteria":[129],"which":[130],"discussed":[132],"this":[134],"systematic":[135],"review.":[136],"A":[137],"randomized":[138,162],"double-blind,":[139,163],"placebo-controlled":[140,164],"trial":[141,165],"with":[142,154,159,166,179,184,199],"112":[143],"participants":[144,168],"showed":[145,191],"statistically":[146],"significant":[147,172],"reduction":[148],"behaviors":[151,176],"urges":[153,178,198],"18":[155,180],"weeks":[156,181],"naltrexone.":[160],"Another":[161],"233":[167],"failed":[169],"show":[171],"decrease":[173],"nalmefene":[185,222],"compared.":[186],"Finally,":[187],"case":[189],"study":[190],"complete":[192],"cessation":[193],"behavior":[196],"intramuscular":[200],"monthly":[201],"injections":[202],"naltrexone.\\nConclusion:":[204],"Opioid":[205],"naltrexone":[208,236],"may":[209],"an":[211],"option":[213],"whereas":[218],"seems":[223],"ineffective.":[226],"Due":[227],"low":[230],"quality":[231],"evidence,":[233],"injectable":[235],"dosing":[238],"undetermined.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
