{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3144837644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","title":"Thin Capitalization Rules and Multinational Firm Capital Structure","display_name":"Thin Capitalization Rules and Multinational Firm Capital Structure","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3144837644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","mag":"3144837644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2419930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077000272","display_name":"Jennifer L. Blouin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0223-5244","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0223-5244"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Blouin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania - Accounting Department, 1315 SHDH, 3620 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6365, United States","University of Pennsylvania - Accounting Department"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania - Accounting Department, 1315 SHDH, 3620 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6365, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania - Accounting Department","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012105051","display_name":"Harry Huizinga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-9490","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-9490"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140326","display_name":"Centre for Economic Policy Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04jzmdh37","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]}],"countries":["GB","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry Huizinga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), London, United Kingdom","Tilburg University - Center for Economic Research (CentER), P.O. Box 90153, Tilburg, 5000 LE, Netherlands","Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)","Tilburg University - Center for Economic Research (CentER)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tilburg University - Center for Economic Research (CentER), P.O. Box 90153, Tilburg, 5000 LE, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tilburg University - Center for Economic Research (CentER)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012755577","display_name":"Luc A. Laeven","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9820-755X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9820-755X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153515283","display_name":"European Central Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ajckn66","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I153515283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140326","display_name":"Centre for Economic Policy Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04jzmdh37","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luc A. Laeven","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)","European Central Bank (ECB)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Central Bank (ECB)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153515283"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110241323","display_name":"Ga\u00ebtan Nicod\u00e8me","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1279858714","display_name":"Center for Economic and Policy Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01vqjmx11","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1279858714"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132053463","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles","ror":"https://ror.org/01r9htc13","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"]}],"countries":["BE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaetan Nicodeme","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEPR and CESifo The views expressed in the article are those of the author and should not be attributed to the European Commission","Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) - Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEPR and CESifo The views expressed in the article are those of the author and should not be attributed to the European Commission","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1279858714"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) - Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077000272"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.6977999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.6977999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11508","display_name":"Corporate Taxation and Avoidance","score":0.2619999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14030","display_name":"Taxation and Legal Issues","score":0.007600000128149986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thin-capitalization-rules","display_name":"thin capitalization rules","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multinational-corporations","display_name":"multinational corporations","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-structure","display_name":"capital structure","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-affiliates","display_name":"foreign affiliates","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interest-deductibility","display_name":"interest deduction","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debt-ratio","display_name":"debt ratio","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-valuation","display_name":"business valuation","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interest-expenses","display_name":"interest expenses","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149933338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950816","display_name":"Capital structure","level":3,"score":0.752776026725769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779137862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425951","display_name":"Capitalization","level":2,"score":0.6969510316848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.6457661390304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6309281587600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6074159741401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120527767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867","display_name":"Debt","level":2,"score":0.5638555288314819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.546650230884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193445137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471719","display_name":"Market capitalization","level":4,"score":0.5179945230484009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186027771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008379","display_name":"Valuation (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4918985366821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.37956568598747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.32996267080307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3111449182033539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.29574155807495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780299701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q475000","display_name":"Stock market","level":3,"score":0.07077839970588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780762169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5905368","display_name":"Horse","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2419930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2419930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2419930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035110950","https://openalex.org/W2493913097","https://openalex.org/W7098012723","https://openalex.org/W3123802924","https://openalex.org/W2511086179","https://openalex.org/W7096415949","https://openalex.org/W3138532176","https://openalex.org/W2988664012","https://openalex.org/W2112662744","https://openalex.org/W7209005384"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2021-04-13T00:00:00"}