{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3143847412","doi":null,"title":"Cohabitation and the Uneven Retreat from Marriage in the U.S., 1950-2010","display_name":"Cohabitation and the Uneven Retreat from Marriage in the U.S., 1950-2010","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3143847412","mag":"3143847412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:iza:izadps:dp7607","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://docs.iza.org/dp7607.pdf","pdf_url":"https://docs.iza.org/dp7607.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w19413.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109262462","display_name":"Shelly Lundberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shelly Lundberg","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014811671","display_name":"Robert A. Pollak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-561X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-561X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Pollak","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14348","display_name":"Marriage and Family Dynamics","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohabitation","display_name":"cohabitation","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marriage","display_name":"marriage","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parenting","display_name":"parenting","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-services","display_name":"household services","score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-in-children","display_name":"child investment","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-pay-gap","display_name":"gender pay gap","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marital-stability","display_name":"marital stability","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commitment-devices","display_name":"commitment devices","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parenthood","display_name":"parenthood","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779442300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49800","display_name":"Cohabitation","level":2,"score":0.9668075442314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.6291546821594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.6075185537338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.5870206952095032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.5849013328552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5449212789535522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779297142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412","display_name":"Educational attainment","level":2,"score":0.5028111338615417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.4807403087615967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781216213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7311547","display_name":"Remarriage","level":2,"score":0.4671719968318939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779783368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17006440","display_name":"Marriage market","level":2,"score":0.44681596755981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42952004075050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.32394105195999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22037848830223083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2119649052619934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:iza:izadps:dp7607","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://docs.iza.org/dp7607.pdf","pdf_url":"https://docs.iza.org/dp7607.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberwo:19413","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w19413.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w19413.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:3143847412","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/19413.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/90128","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/90128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:workingPaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1dp4d08v","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dp4d08v","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberwo:19413","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w19413.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w19413.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.7307999730110168},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7307999730110168}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323078","display_name":"Universitetet i Bergen","ror":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3143847412.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3143847412.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313000901","https://openalex.org/W2890031958","https://openalex.org/W3122326788","https://openalex.org/W4415994561","https://openalex.org/W210147683","https://openalex.org/W3047177064","https://openalex.org/W4388179003","https://openalex.org/W2116979935","https://openalex.org/W2440995367","https://openalex.org/W4391003232"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"1950":[1],"the":[2,5,13,25,46,52,74,140,158],"sources":[3],"of":[4,16,22,27,36,45,54,76,137,154,165],"gains":[6,47],"from":[7,51],"marriage":[8,49,69,147],"have":[9],"changed":[10],"radically.":[11],"As":[12],"educational":[14],"attainment":[15],"women":[17],"overtook":[18],"and":[19,24,57,79,100,126,148,169],"surpassed":[20],"that":[21,68,134,161],"men":[23],"ratio":[26],"men's":[28],"to":[29,48,59,107,142],"women's":[30],"wage":[31],"rates":[32],"fell,":[33],"traditional":[34],"patterns":[35,136],"gender":[37],"specialization":[38],"in":[39,61,110,146,167],"work":[40],"weakened.":[41],"The":[42,98,113],"primary":[43],"source":[44],"shifted":[50],"production":[53],"household":[55],"services":[56],"commodities":[58],"investment":[60,166],"children.":[62,182],"For":[63],"some,":[64],"these":[65],"changes":[66],"meant":[67],"was":[70],"no":[71],"longer":[72],"worth":[73],"costs":[75],"limited":[77],"independence":[78],"potential":[80],"mismatch.\\nCohabitation":[81],"became":[82],"an":[83,151],"acceptable":[84],"living":[85],"arrangement":[86],"for":[87,174,180],"all":[88],"groups,":[89],"but":[90,120],"cohabitation":[91],"serves":[92],"different":[93,96,135],"functions":[94],"among":[95],"groups.":[97],"poor":[99],"less":[101],"educated":[102,115],"are":[103,129,139],"much":[104],"more":[105,172],"likely":[106],"rear":[108],"children":[109,125,168],"cohabitating":[111],"relationships.":[112],"college":[114],"typically":[116],"cohabit":[117],"before":[118,123],"marriage,":[119],"they":[121],"marry":[122],"conceiving":[124],"their":[127,181],"marriages":[128],"relatively":[130],"stable.":[131],"We":[132],"argue":[133],"childrearing":[138],"key":[141],"understanding":[143],"class":[144],"differences":[145],"parenthood,":[149],"not":[150],"unintended":[152],"by-product":[153],"it.":[155],"Marriage":[156],"is":[157,170],"commitment":[159],"mechanism":[160],"supports":[162],"high":[163],"levels":[164],"hence":[171],"valuable":[173],"parents":[175],"adopting":[176],"a":[177],"high-investment":[178],"strategy":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-21T07:43:02.447757","created_date":"2021-04-13T00:00:00"}
